ASTM A325-2009a Standard Specification for Structural Bolts Steel Heat Treated 120 105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength.pdf

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1、Designation: A325 09aAmerican AssociationState Highway andTransportation OfficialsStandard AASHTO No.: M 164Standard Specification forStructural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 ksi MinimumTensile Strength1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A325; the number immediately following

2、the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved fo

3、r use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers two types of quenched andtempered steel heavy hex structural bolts having a minimumtensile strength of 120 ksi for sizes 1.0 in. and less and 105 ksifor sizes over 1.0 to 112 in., inclusive.1.2 The bolts are intend

4、ed for use in structural connections.These connections are covered under the requirements of theSpecification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 or A490Bolts, approved by the Research Council on Structural Con-nections, endorsed by theAmerican Institute of Steel Construc-tion and by the Industria

5、l Fastener Institute.31.3 The bolts are furnished in sizes12 to 112 in., inclusive.They are designated by type, denoting chemical composition asfollows:Type DescriptionType 1 Medium carbon, carbon boron, or medium carbon alloy steel.Type 2 Withdrawn in November 1991.Type 3 Weathering steel.NOTE 1Bol

6、ts for general applications, including anchor bolts, arecovered by Specification A449. Also refer to Specification A449 forquenched and tempered steel bolts and studs with diameters greater than112 in. but with similar mechanical properties.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarde

7、das standard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.NOTE 2Acomplete metric companion to SpecificationA325 has beendevelopedSpecification A325M; therefore, no metric equivalents arepresented in this specification.1.5 This specification is applicable to heavy hex structuralbolts o

8、nly. For bolts of other configurations and thread lengthswith similar mechanical properties, see Specification A449.1.6 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi-nology F1789.1.7 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 10, of this specificatio

9、n: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Docum

10、ents2.1 ASTM Standards:4A194/A194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy SteelNuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High TemperatureService, or BothA449 Specification for Hex Cap Screws, Bolts and Studs,Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105/90 ksi Minimum TensileStrength, General UseA490 Specification for Structu

11、ral Bolts, Alloy Steel, HeatTreated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile StrengthA563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel NutsA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel ProductsB695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically De-posited on Iron and SteelD3951 Practice

12、 for Commercial PackagingF436 Specification for Hardened Steel WashersF606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop-erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and RivetsF788/F788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities ofBolts, Screws, and S

13、tuds, Inch and Metric Series1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 onFasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts,Nuts, Rivets and Washers.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originallyapproved in 1964. Last

14、 previous edition approved in 2009 as A325 09. DOI:10.1520/A0325-09.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA-325 in Section II of that Code.3Published by American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), One E. WackerDr., Suite 700, Chicago, IL 60601-2001,

15、http:/www.aisc.org.4For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at

16、the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.F959 Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type DirectTension Indicators for Use with Structural FastenersF1136 Specification for Zinc/Aluminum Corrosion Protec-

17、tive Coatings for FastenersF1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-chanical Properties and Performance InspectionF1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical FastenersF2329 Specification for Zinc Coating, Hot-Dip, Require-ments for Application to Carbon and Alloy Steel Bolts,Screws, Washers, N

18、uts, and Special Threaded FastenersG101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric CorrosionResistance of Low-Alloy Steels2.2 ASME Standards:5B 1.1 Unified Screw ThreadsB 18.2.6 Fasteners for Use in Structural ApplicationsB 18.24 Part Identification Number (PIN) Code SystemStandard for B18 Fastener Produc

19、ts3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for heavy hex structural bolts under this speci-fication shall include the following:3.1.1 Quantity (number of pieces of bolts and accessories).3.1.2 Size, including nominal bolt diameter, thread pitch,and bolt length.3.1.3 Name of product, heavy hex structural bo

20、lts.3.1.4 When bolts threaded full length are required, Supple-mentary Requirement S1 shall be specified.3.1.5 Type of bolt: Type 1 or 3. When type is not specified,either Type 1 or Type 3 shall be furnished at the suppliersoption.3.1.6 ASTM designation and year of issue.3.1.7 Other components such

21、as nuts, washers, and com-pressible washer-type direct-tension indicators, if required.3.1.7.1 When such other components are specified to befurnished, also state “Nuts, washers, and direct tension indica-tors, or combination thereof, shall be furnished by lot number.”3.1.8 Zinc CoatingSpecify the z

22、inc coating process re-quired, for example, hot dip, mechanically deposited, Zinc/Aluminum Corrosion Protective Coating or no preference (see4.3).3.1.9 Other FinishesSpecify other protective finish, ifrequired.3.1.10 Test reports, if required (see Section 13).3.1.11 Supplementary or special requirem

23、ents, if required.3.1.12 For establishment of a part identifying system, seeASME B 18.24.NOTE 3A typical ordering description follows: 1000 pieces 118-7UNC in. dia 3 4 in. long heavy hex structural bolt, Type 1 ASTMA32502, each with one hardened washer, ASTM F436 Type 1, and oneheavy hex nut, ASTM A

24、563 Grade DH. Each component hot-dipzinc-coated. Nuts lubricated.3.2 Recommended Nuts:3.2.1 Nuts conforming to the requirements of SpecificationA563 are the recommended nuts for use with SpecificationA325 heavy hex structural bolts. The nuts shall be of the classand have a surface finish for each ty

25、pe of bolt as follows:5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.A325 09a2Bolt Type and Finish Nut Class and Finish1, plain (noncoated) A563-C, C3, D, DH, DH3,plain1, zinc coated A563-D

26、H, zinc coated1, coated in accordance withSpecification F1136, Grade3A563DH coated in accor-dance with SpecificationF1136, Grade 53, plain A563-C3, DH3, plain3.2.2 Alternatively, nuts conforming to Specification A194/A194M Gr. 2H are considered a suitable substitute for use withSpecification A325 Ty

27、pe 1 heavy hex structural bolts.3.2.3 When Specification A194/A194M Gr. 2H zinc-coatednuts are supplied, the zinc coating, overtapping, lubrication,and rotational capacity testing shall be in accordance withSpecification A563.3.3 Recommended Washers:3.3.1 Washers conforming to Specification F436 are

28、 therecommended washers for use with Specification A325 heavyhex structural bolts. The washers shall have a surface finish foreach type of bolt as follows:Bolt Type and Finish Washer Finish1, plain (uncoated) plain (uncoated)1, zinc coated zinc coated1, coated in accordance withSpecification F1136,

29、Grade 3coated in accordance with Speci-fication F1136, Grade 33, plain weathering steel, plain3.4 Other Accessories:3.4.1 When compressible washer type direct tension indica-tors are specified to be used with these bolts, they shallconform to Specification F959, Type 325.4. Materials and Manufacture

30、4.1 Heat Treatment:4.1.1 Type 1 bolts produced from medium carbon steel shallbe quenched in a liquid medium from the austenitizingtemperature. Type 1 bolts produced from medium carbon steelto which chromium, nickel, molybdenum, or boron wereintentionally added shall be quenched only in oil from thea

31、ustenitizing temperature.4.1.2 Type 3 bolts shall be quenched only in oil from theaustenitizing temperature.4.1.3 Type 1 bolts, regardless of the steel used, and Type 3bolts shall be tempered by reheating to not less than 800F.4.2 ThreadingThreads shall be cut or rolled.4.3 Zinc Coatings, Hot-Dip an

32、d Mechanically Deposited,Zinc/Aluminum Corrosion Protective Coating:4.3.1 When zinc-coated fasteners are required, the pur-chaser shall specify the zinc coating process, for example, hotdip, mechanically deposited, Zinc/Aluminum Corrosion Pro-tective Coating, or no preference.4.3.2 When hot-dip is s

33、pecified, the fasteners shall bezinc-coated by the hot-dip process and the coating shallconform to the coating weight/thickness and performancerequirements of Specification F2329.4.3.3 When mechanically deposited is specified, the fasten-ers shall be zinc-coated by the mechanical deposition processa

34、nd the coating shall conform to the coating weight/thicknessand performance requirements of Class 55 of SpecificationB695.4.3.4 When Zinc/Aluminum Corrosion Protective Coatingis specified, the coating shall conform to the coating weight/thickness and performance requirements of Grade 3 of Speci-fica

35、tion F1136.4.3.5 When no preference is specified, the supplier shallfurnish either a hot-dip zinc coating in accordance withSpecification F2329, a mechanically deposited zinc coating inaccordance with Specification B695, Class 55, or a Zinc/Aluminum Corrosion Protective Coating in accordance withSpe

36、cification F1136, Grade 3. Threaded components (bolts andnuts) shall be coated by the same zinc-coating process and thesuppliers option is limited to one process per item with nomixed processes in a lot.4.4 LubricationWhen zinc-coated nuts are ordered withthe bolts, the nuts shall be lubricated in a

37、ccordance withSpecification A563, Supplementary Requirement S1, to mini-mize galling.4.5 Secondary Processing:4.5.1 If any processing, which can affect the mechanicalproperties or performance of the bolts, is performed after theinitial testing, the bolts shall be retested for all specifiedmechanical

38、 properties and performance requirements affectedby the reprocessing.4.5.2 When the secondary process is heat treatment, thebolts shall be tested for all specified mechanical properties. Hotdip zinc-coated bolts shall be tested for all specified mechani-cal properties and rotational capacity. If zin

39、c-coated nuts arerelubricated after the initial rotational capacity tests, theassemblies shall be retested for rotational capacity.5. Chemical Composition5.1 Type 1 bolts shall be plain carbon steel, carbon boronsteel, alloy steel or alloy boron steel at the manufacturersoption, conforming to the ch

40、emical composition specified inTable 1.5.2 Type 3 bolts shall be weathering steel and shall conformto one of the chemical compositions specified in Table 2. Theselection of the chemical composition,A, B, C, D, E, or F, shallbe at the option of the bolt manufacturer. See Guide G101 formethods of esti

41、mating the atmospheric corrosion resistance oflow alloy steels.5.3 Product analyses made on finished bolts representingeach lot shall conform to the product analysis requirementsspecified in Tables 1 and 2, as applicable.5.4 Heats of steel to which bismuth, selenium, tellurium, orlead has been inten

42、tionally added shall not be permitted forbolts.5.5 Compliance with 5.4 shall be based on certification thatheats of steel having any of the listed elements intentionallyadded were not used to produce the bolts.5.6 Chemical analyses shall be performed in accordancewith Test Methods, Practices, and Te

43、rminology A751.A325 09a36. Mechanical Properties6.1 HardnessThe bolts shall conform to the hardnessspecified in Table 3.6.2 Tensile Properties:6.2.1 Except as permitted in 6.2.1.1 for long bolts and6.2.1.2 for short bolts, sizes 1.00 in. and smaller having alength of 214 D and longer, and sizes larg

44、er than 1.00 in. havinga length of 3D and longer, shall be wedge tested full size andshall conform to the minimum wedge tensile load and proofload or alternative proof load specified in Table 4. The loadachieved during proof load testing shall be equal to or greaterthan the specified proof load.6.2.

45、1.1 When the length of the bolt makes full-size testingimpractical, machined specimens shall be tested and shallconform to the requirements specified in Table 5. When boltsare tested by both full-size and machined specimen methods,the full-size test shall take precedence.6.2.1.2 Sizes 1.00 in. and s

46、maller having a length shorterthan 214 D down to 2D, inclusive, that cannot be wedge tensiletested shall be axially tension tested full size and shall conformto the minimum tensile load and proof load or alternate proofload specified in Table 4. Sizes 1.00 in. and smaller having alength shorter than

47、 2D and sizes larger than 1.00 in. withlengths shorter than 3D that cannot be axially tensile testedshall be qualified on the basis of hardness.6.2.2 For bolts on which both hardness and tension tests areperformed, acceptance based on tensile requirements shall takeprecedence in the event of low har

48、dness readings.6.3 Rotational Capacity Test:6.3.1 DefinitionThe rotational capacity test is intended toevaluate the presence of a lubricant, the efficiency of thelubricant, and the compatibility of assemblies as represented bythe components selected for testing.6.3.2 RequirementZinc-coated bolts, zi

49、nc-coated wash-ers, and zinc-coated and lubricated nuts tested full size in anassembled joint or tension measuring device, in accordancewith 10.2, shall not show signs of failure when subjected to thenut rotation in Table 6. The test shall be performed by theresponsible party (see Section 14) prior to shipment after zinccoating and lubrication of nuts (see 10.2 and Note 4).6.3.3 Acceptance CriterionThe bolt and nut assemblyshall be considered as non-conforming if the assembly fails topass any one of the following specified requirements:6.3.3.1 Inability