ASME B30 10-2005 Hooks (B30 10 - 2005)《吊钩》.pdf

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1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDHooksASME B30.10-2005(Revision of ASME B30.10-1999)Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license

2、from IHS-,-,-ASME B30.10-2005(Revision of ASME B30.10-1999)HooksSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo repro

3、duction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: December 5, 2005The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2008. There will be no addendaissued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspec

4、ts of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/www.asme.org/codes/ as they are issued, and are also published within this edition of theStandard.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or sta

5、ndard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code o

6、r standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not

7、 take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users

8、of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted a

9、sgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may

10、be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2005 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted

11、 in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vIntroduction . viiSummary of Changes ixChapter 10-0 Scope and Definitions 1Section 10-0.1 Scope of

12、ASME B30.10 1Section 10-0.2 Definitions 1Chapter 10-1 Hooks . 6Section 10-1.1 Markings and Construction . 6Section 10-1.2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance 6Section 10-1.3 Operating Practices . 7Chapter 10-2 Hooks Miscellaneous 9Section 10-2.1 Markings and Construction . 9Section 10-2.2 Inspectio

13、n, Testing, and Maintenance 9Section 10-2.3 Operating Practices . 10Figures1 Clevis Hook 22 Eye Hook . 23 Shank Hook 24 Duplex Hook (Sister) 25 Articulated Duplex Hook (Sister) 26 Self-Locking Eye Hook (Open) 27 Self-Locking Clevis Hook (Closed) . 38 Self-Closing Bail (Eye Hook) 39 Self-Closing Gate

14、 Latch (Shank Hook) . 310 Self-Closing Flapper Latch (Shank Hook) 311 Self-Closing Flapper Latch (Swivel Hook) 312 Self-Closing Flipper Latch (Eye Hook) . 313 Self-Closing Tiplock Latch (Shank Hook) . 414 Self-Closing Tiplock Latch (Eye Hook) . 415 Single Plate Hook . 416 Laminated Plate Hook 417 Ey

15、e Grab Hook . 418 Clevis Grab Hook . 419 Foundry Hook 520 Sorting Hook . 521 Choker Hook . 5Table1 Proof Test Load . 7iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-FOREWORDThis American Natio

16、nal Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute). ThisStandard had its beginning in December 1916

17、when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards forCranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presentedto the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925, involving the ASME Safety

18、 Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USAStandards Institute), Department of Labor State of New Jersey, De

19、partment of Labor andIndustry State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. OnJune 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Committees recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bu

20、reau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 member

21、s representing 29 nationalorganizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943, was createdfrom the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document was reaffirmedin 1952 and widely accepted as a safety standard.Due to changes in design, advancement in

22、 techniques, and general interest of labor and industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an American NationalStandards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members rep

23、resenting 27 national organiza-tions.The format of the previous code was changed so that separate standards (each complete as toconstruction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) will cover thedifferent types of equipment included in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Com

24、mittee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by the ASME and accredited by the American National StandardsInstitute.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to governmentand other regulatory bodies and municipa

25、l authorities responsible for the guarding and inspectionof the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregiven both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be requiredby employers of their employees.In case of practical diffic

26、ulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree ofprotection is thereby secured. To secure unifor

27、m application and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewith the format described in Section III, before rendering decisions on disputed points.This volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee

28、 and by ASME, wasapproved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on September 27, 2005.Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit-tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmentaland

29、industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30 STANDARDS COMMITTEESafety Standards for Cableways, Cranes,

30、Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Zorich, ChairB. D. Closson, Vice ChairJ. D. Wendler, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, Northrop Grumman Ship SystemsW.

31、T. Hargrove, Alternate, Mantech International Corp.R. E. Bluff IV, Gantry Constructors, Inc.R. J. Bolen, ConsultantG. B. Hetherston, Alternate, E. I. DupontA. D. Brown, A. D. Brown, Inc.D. Ritchie, Alternate, The Construction Safety CouncilT. A. Christensen Liberty Mutual Insurance/Alliance of Ameri

32、canInsurersM. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Services, Inc.T. L. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc.S. Cloutier, U.S. Department of LaborJ. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti on the loads; on the acceleration orspeed of the ropes, chains, sheaves, sprockets, or dr

33、ums;on the type of attachments; on the number, size, andarrangement of sheaves or other parts; on environmentalconditions causing corrosion or wear; and on many vari-ables that must be considered in each individual case.The requirements and recommendations provided in thevolumes must be interpreted

34、accordingly, and judgmentused in determining their application.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30.10-2005SUMMARY OF CHANGESFollowing approval by the ASME B30 Committee and AS

35、ME, and after public review, ASMEB30.10-2005 was approved by the American National Standards Institute on September 27, 2005.ASME B30.10-2005 includes the following changes identified by a margin note, (05).Page Location Changevii, viii B30 Standard Introduction Revised in its entirety6 10-1.2.1.3 p

36、aragraphs (c)(1) and (2) revised7 10-1.2.3 paragraphs (b)(3) and (4) revised9 10-2.2.1.3 paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) revised10 10-2.2.3 paragraphs (b)(3) and (4) revisedSPECIAL NOTE:The interpretations to ASME B30.10 are included in this edition as a separate section for theusers convenience.ixCopyrig

37、ht ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-xCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-AS

38、ME B30.10-2005HOOKSChapter 10-0Scope and DefinitionsSECTION 10-0.1: SCOPE OF ASME B30.10Within the general scope defined in Section I, ASMEB30.10 applies to all types of hooks shown in Figs. 1through 21 used in conjunction with equipmentdescribed in other volumes of the B30 Standard. Hookssupporting

39、 a load in a direct-pull configuration, withthe load carried in the base (bowl/saddle or pin hole see Figs. 3 and 4) of the hook, are covered in Chapter10-1. Hooks that do not support a load in a direct-pullconfiguration are covered in Chapter 10-2.SECTION 10-0.2: DEFINITIONSabnormal operating condi

40、tions: environmental conditionsthat are unfavorable, harmful, or detrimental to or forthe use of a hook.administrative or regulatory authority: governmentalagency or the employer in the absence of governmentaljurisdiction.appointed: assigned specific responsibilities by theemployer or the employers

41、representative.crack: a crevice-type discontinuity in the material.designated person: a person selected or assigned by theemployer or the employers representative as being com-petent to perform specific duties.hook, self-closing: a hook with a throat opening that isclosed by a spring-loaded latch, g

42、ate, or bail that ismanually opened for loading and closes upon release.It may be locked in the closed position (see Figs. 8through 14).hook, self-locking: a hook with a throat opening that willclose and lock when a load is applied, and will not open1until unloaded and the lock released (see Figs. 6

43、 and 7).latch: a mechanical device used to close the throat open-ing of a hook (see Figs. 1 through 5).load: the total weight imposed on the hook.load, proof: the specific load applied in performance ofthe proof test.load, rated: the maximum allowable working load.mouse: rope or wire used to close t

44、he throat opening ofa hook.nick or gouge: sharp notch in hook surface which mayact as stress riser in the area of the notch.qualified person: a person who, by possession of a recog-nized degree in an applicable field or certificate of pro-fessional standing, or who by extensive knowledge,training, a

45、nd experience, has successfully demonstratedthe ability to solve problems relating to the subject mat-ter and work.service, heavy: service that involves operating at85% to 100% of rated load as a regular specified pro-cedure.service, normal: service that involves operating at lessthan 85% of rated l

46、oad except for isolated instances.service, severe: heavy service coupled with abnormaloperating conditions.test, nondestructive: a test that does not destroy the func-tional use of the hook, such as but not limited to dyepenetrant test, magnetic particle test, radiography test,and ultrasonic test.te

47、st, proof: a nondestructive load test made to verify themanufacturing integrity of the hook.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30.10-2005 HOOKSFig. 1 Clevis Hook (Latch When Req

48、uired)Fig. 2 Eye Hook (Latch When Required)Fig. 3 Shank Hook (Latch When Required)2Fig. 4 Duplex Hook (Sister)(Hole for Pin Is Optional) (Latch When Required)GENERAL NOTE: The shape of the bowl of the hook shall be designedsuch that an unbalanced load positioned directly beneath the pivotpoint will

49、not allow sling (load attachment) to be dislodged.Fig. 5 Articulated Duplex Hook (Sister)(Hole for Pin Is Optional) (Latch When Required)Fig. 6 Self-Locking Eye Hook (Open)Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license fr