ARMY MIL-M-3281 A-1982 MANGANESE DIOXIDE TECHNICAL《二氧化锰技术》.pdf

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1、MIL-M-328LA 68 m 777770b OLL4278 6 m MIL-M-3281A 6 December 1982 SUPERSEDING MIL-A-3281 25 August 1950 MILITARY SPECIFICATION MANGANESE DIOXIDE, TECHNICAL This specification is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense. 1. SCOPE 1.1 dioxide. Scope. This specificat

2、ion covers two types of technical grade manganese 1.2 Classification. Manganese dioxide shall be of the following types as specified (see 6.2) : Type I - For use in pyrotechnics Type II - For use in smoke mixtures 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1 Government documents. 2.1.1 Specifications, standards, and

3、 handbooks. Unless otherwise specified, the following specifications, standards, and handbooks of the issue listed in that issue of the Department of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards (DoDISS) specified in the solicitation form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein.

4、 SPECIFICATIONS FEDERAL RR-S-366 - Sieve Test : Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and any perti- : : nent data which may be of use in improving this document should be addressed: : to: : DRDAR-TSC-S, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 by using the self-addressed : : Standard

5、ization Document Improvement Proposal (DD Form 1426) appearing at : : the end of this document or by letter. Commander, US Army Armament Research and Development Command, ATTN: FSC 6810 - n Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-M-3281A

6、STANDARDS MILITARY MIL-STD-105 - Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by MIL-STD-1168 - Ammunition Lot Numbering MIL-STD-1188 - Commercial Packaging of Supplies and Equipment (Copies of specifications, standards, handbooks, drawings, and publications required by manufacturers in connection

7、with specific acquisition functions should be obtained from the contracting activity or as directed by the contrac- ting officer.) Attributes 2.2 Other publications. The following documents form a part of this speci- fication to the extent specified herein. indicated as DoD adopted shall be the issu

8、e listed in the current DoDXSS and the supplement thereto, if applicable. The issues of the documents which are ASTM STANDARDS D1193 - Reagent Water D3037 - Carbon Black - Surface Area By Nitrogen Adsorption E248 - Manganese In Manganese Ore By The Pyrophosphate (Potentiometric) _. Method (Applicati

9、on for copies should be addressed to ASTM, 1916 Race Street, (Industry association specif ications and standards are generally available Philadelphia, PA 19103.) for reference from libraries. and using Federal agencies.) They are also distributed among technical groups 2.3 Order of precedence. this

10、specification and the references cited herein, the text of this specifica- tion shall take precedence. In the event of a conflict between the text of 3. REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Chemical characteristics. Manganese dioxide shall conform to the applicable chemical characteristics of table I when teeted as spe

11、cified there- in. 3.2 Physical characteristics. 3.2.1 Particle size distribution. Manganese dioxide shall conform to the applicable particle eize dietribution of table II when tested as specified in 4.2.4.4. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IH

12、S-,-,-MIL-M-3281A TABLE I. Chemical characteristics : Percent by weight : Test : Type I : Type II : paragraph : : Characteristic . : Moisture content, max : 2.5 : 1.0 : 402.4.1 : : Manganese content, min : 55.0 : 50.0 : 4.2.4.2 : : Available oxygen, min : 15.6 : 14.5 : 4.2.4.3 : TABLE II. Particle s

13、ize distribution : Percent by weight passing : : Sieve No. : Type I : Type II : : Min : Max : Min : Max : 50 : 100.0: - : 99.0 : - : : 20.0 : - : 100 200 40.0: 60.0 : - : 25.0 : . - . - 3.2.2 Surface area. Type II manganese dioxide shall have a surface area of no more than 10.0 square meters per gra

14、m when tested as specified in 4.2.4.5. 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for inspection. Unless otherwise specified in the con- tract or purchase order, the contractor is responsible for the performance of all inspection requirements as specified herein. Except as otherwise specifie

15、d in the contract or purchase order, the contractor may use his own or any other facilities suitable for the performance of the inspection requirements speci- fied herein, unless disapproved by the Government. The Government reserves the right to perform any of the inspections set forth in the speci

16、fication where such inspections are deemed necessary to assure supplies and services conform to prescribed requirements. 4.2 Quality conformance inspection. 4.2.1 Lotting. A lot shall consist of the manganese dioxide produced by one manufacturer, at one plant, from the same materials, and under esse

17、ntially the same manufacturing condixions provided the operation is continuous. In the event the process is a batch operation, each batch shall constitute a lot (see 6.3). Each lot shall be identified and controlled in accordance with MIL-STD-1168. 4.2.2 Sampling. 4.2.2.1 For examination of packagin

18、g. Sampling shall be conducted in accordance with MIL-STD-105. 3 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-M-32LA b 9797706 OLLi-12L b MIL-M-3 28 1 A 4.2.2.2 For test (see 6.5). Sampling shall be conducted in accordance with table III. A re

19、presentative specimen of approximately 1 pound (lb) shall be removed from each sample container and placed in a suitable clean, dry container labeled to identify the lot and container from which it was taken. TABLE III. Sampling for test : Number of containers in batch in lot : Number of sample cont

20、ainers : 2 to 25 2 151 to 1,200 5 7,001 to 20,000 10 Over 20,000 20 26 to 150 3 * 1,201 to 7,000 8 * - 4.2.3 Inspection procedure. 4.2.3.1 For examination of packaging. The sample unit shall be one filled container, ready for shipment. following defects using an AQL of 4.0 percent defective: Sample

21、containers shall be examined for the (a) Container damaged or leaking (b) Marking incorrect, missing, or illegible 4.2.3.2 For test (see 6.5). Approximately equal portions of all of the The composited specimen shall be tested as Specimens taken in 4.2.2.2 shall be thoroughly mixed to form a composit

22、ed specimen of no less than 1 lb. specified in 4.2.4. Each test shall be conducted in duplicate analysis. Failure of either analysis of any test shall be cause for rejection of the lot represented. 4.2.4 Tests (see 6.5). Water in accordance with ASTM D1193 and reagent grade chemicals shall be used t

23、hroughout the tests. determinations shall be run and corrections applied where significant. Tests shall be conducted as follows: Where applicable, blank 4.2.4.1 Moisture content. men to a tared weighing bottle. milligram. a sulfuric acid desiccator. pressure, immediately restopper and weigh. Calcula

24、te the percent by weight moisture as follows: Transfer approximately 5 grams (g) of the speci- Weigh the bottle and specimen to the nearest Dry the sample for 1 hour at 120C. Stopper the bottle and cool in Loosen the stopper for an instant to equalize the 100(A - B) W Percent by weight moisture = 4

25、- Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-U-32LA b 9799906 OLLLi282 W MIL-M-3281A where: A = Weight of bottle and specimen before drying in grams, B = Weight of bottle and specimen after drying in grams, and W = Weight of specimen in gram

26、s. 4.2.4.2 Manganese content. Determine the manganese content of the specimen in accordance with ASTM E248. 4.2.4.3 Available oxygen. Transfer 100 milliliters (mi) of 15-percent sulfuric acid solution and 1.000 g of pure sodium oxalate to a 300-ml Erlenmeyer flask. To this solution add a 0.5-g porti

27、on of the specimen, dried as described in 4.2.4.1. Shake the flask, cover with a small watch glass, and heat on the steam bath for 2 to 3 hours or until all black or brown particles are dissolved. Remove the flask from the steam bath and titrate the excess of sodium oxalate in the hot solution with

28、standard 0.1N potassium permanganate solution. required to titrate 1.000 gram of pure sodium oxalate. by weight available oxygen in the sample on a dry basis as follows: Determine the quantity of standard potass&m permanganate solution Calculate the percent 0.8(A - B)N C Percent by weight available

29、oxygen = where: N = Normality of the potassium permanganate solution, A = Milliliters of the potassium permanganate solution required to titrate 1.000 g of pure sodium oxalate, B = Milliliters of potassium permanganate solution required to titrate the excess sodium oxalate after reduction of the ava

30、ilable oxygen in the specimen, and C = Weight of the dry specimen in grams. 4.2.4.4 Particle size distribution. Select sieves conforming to RR-S-366, as applicable (see table 11). Weigh to the nearest 0.01 g and nest in order of pan. Weigh to the nearest 0.01 g approximately 100 g of the specimen an

31、d place it on the first (most coarse) sieve. Place two 1-inch metal washers on the top sieve, cover and shake for 5 minutes by means of a mechanical shaker geared to produce 300 + 15 gyrations and 150 + 10 taps of the striker per minute. Weigh the material-retained on each sieveand calculate the per

32、cent material passing through each sieve as required by table II. . fineness with the most coarse sieve on top. Place the assembly on a bottom 4.2.4.5 Surface area. Determine the surface area of approximately 0.3 g of the specimen in accordance with the method entitled Surface Area By Monosorb Surfa

33、ce Area Analyzer of ASTM D3037, except that all specimens shall be out- gassed for 30 minutes at 300C, and the weight of the specimen after outgassing is the weight to be used in calculating the specific surface area of the speci- men as follows: AC NSA = M1-M2 5 - Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo re

34、production or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-I MIL-fl-328LA b8 W 7777906 OLLLI283 T W MIL-M-3281A where: NSA = A= C= Mi = M2 = Nitrogen surface area in square meters per gram, Attenuator setting, Counter reading in square meters, Mass of specimen and cell (after outgassing) in gra

35、ms, and Mass of empty specimen cell in grams. 5. PACKAGING 5.1 Industrial unit packing, packing, and marking. A specified quantity of manganese dioxide (see 6.2) shall be unit packed, packed, and marked in accord- ance with MIL-STD-1188. legibly marked with the following precautionary marking: In ad

36、dition, each container shall be durably and HAZARDS ! Strong oxidizer Toxic by Ingestion Toxic by Inhalation DANGER! STRONG OXIDIZER. CONTACT WITH OTHER MATERIALS MAY CAUSE FIRE. Keep from contact with clothing and other combustible materials. Do not store near combustible materials. Keep away from

37、heat. Store in tightly closed container. Remove and wash contaminated clothing promptly. Avoid breathing dust. Keep container closed. Use with adequate ventilation. Wash thoroughly after handling. WARNING! HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED OR INHALED. FIRST AID: or by giving soapy or strong salty water to drink.

38、 clear. person. If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give arti- ficial respiration, preferably mouth to mouth. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Call a physician. If swallowed, induce vomiting by sticking finger down throat Call a physician. Never give anything by mouth to an unc

39、oncious Repeat until vomit is 6. NOTES 6.1 Intended use. Type I manganese dioxide is intended for use in pyro- technic compositions. mixtures. Type II manganese dioxide is intended for use in smoke 6.2 Ordering data. Acquisition documents should specify the following: (a) Title, number, and date of

40、this specification (b) (c) Type of manganese dioxide required (see 1.2) Unit quantity of manganese dioxide required (see 5.1) 6 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-M-3281A 6.3 Batch. A batch is defined as that quantity of material whi

41、ch has been manufactured by some unit chemical process or subjected to some physical mixing operation intended to make the final product substantially uniform. 6.4 Significant places. For the purpose of determining conformance with this specification, an observed or calculated value should be rounde

42、d off “to the nearest unit“ in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting value, in accordance with the rounding off method of ASTM E296 6.5 Sampling and testing precautions. This specification covers inspection Al1 of chemical material which is potentially hazardous to per

43、sonnel. Manganese dioxide is a strong oxidizer, toxic by ingestion and toxic by inhalation. applicable safety rules, regulations and procedures must be followed in the handling and processing of this material. Custodians: Army - EA Navy - OS Review activities: Army - MD DLA - GS User activity: Army - AR Preparing activity: Army - EA Project No. 6810-B341 7 * U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1983-605-034/1930 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-