ANSI T 810 OM-2011 Bursting strength of corrugated board.pdf
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1、T 810 om-11 SUGGESTED METHOD 1966 OFFICIAL TEST METHOD 1980 REVISED 1985 REVISED 1992 REVISED 1998 REVISED 2006 REVISED 2011 2011 TAPPI The information and data contained in this document were prepared by a technical committee of the Association. The committee and the Association assume no liability
2、 or responsibility in connection with the use of such information or data, including but not limited to any liability under patent, copyright, or trade secret laws. The user is responsible for determining that this document is the most recent edition published. Approved by the Standard Specific Inte
3、rest Group for this Test Method TAPPI CAUTION: This Test Method may include safety precautions which are believed to be appropriate at the time of publication of the method. The intent of these is to alert the user of the method to safety issues related to such use. The user is responsible for deter
4、mining that the safety precautions are complete and are appropriate to their use of the method, and for ensuring that suitable safety practices have not changed since publication of the method. This method may require the use, disposal, or both, of chemicals which may present serious health hazards
5、to humans. Procedures for the handling of such substances are set forth on Material Safety Data Sheets which must be developed by all manufacturers and importers of potentially hazardous chemicals and maintained by all distributors of potentially hazardous chemicals. Prior to the use of this method,
6、 the user must determine whether any of the chemicals to be used or disposed of are potentially hazardous and, if so, must follow strictly the procedures specified by both the manufacturer, as well as local, state, and federal authorities for safe use and disposal of these chemicals. Bursting streng
7、th of corrugated board 1. Scope1.1 This method describes a procedure for measuring the bursting strength of single wall and double wall corrugated board within the range of 690 kPa (100 psi) to 4825 kPa (700 psi) employing an instrument which uses a disk shaped, molded diaphragm. NOTE 1: Single wall
8、 corrugated board is comprised of two facings with one fluted medium in between; double wall corrugated board is comprised of three facings which alternate in the construction with two fluted mediums. 1.1.1 A specimen of board is clamped between two platens with circular opening in their centers. Th
9、e lower platen is fixed; the upper platen has an adjustable depth but remains stationary for the duration of the test. An expansible diaphragm is distended through the lower platen by means of hydraulic pressure until the specimen bursts. The maximum hydraulic pressure when the specimen ruptures, is
10、 recorded. 1.2 For the bursting strength of paper, see TAPPI T 403 “Bursting Strength of Paper,” and for linerboard see TAPPI T 807 “Bursting Strength of Linerboard.” This method is not applicable for triple wall corrugated board. 2. Significance 2.1 The minimum bursting strength of corrugated board
11、 is a requirement of various carrier and governmental specified regulations for shipping containers. While bursting strength is an empirical property, this test, in combination with grammage (basis weight), serves to define some of the “standard grades in commerce. The bursting strength test of corr
12、ugated board is a composite measure of certain properties of the board structure, principally tensile and elongation of the linerboard (facings and any non-corrugated interior papers) comprising the combined board. In general, bursting strength is dependent on preparation and amount of fibers presen
13、t in the sheet and on their formation, internal bond and, to some degree, the surface treatment and combining operation. 2.1.1 Bursting strength is the measure of the force required to puncture through (rupture) the corrugated board. It is often compared to edge crush strength (ECT: T 811, T 839), w
14、hich is a measure of the compressive force a sample of the board can sustain in its vertical or loading direction before collapsing. While both are material properties of the corrugated board, depending on the papers used and how they are combined together, they measure different things. They T 810
15、om-11 Bursting strength of corrugated board / 2 are not exclusive or contradictory properties, nor can they be directly related one to the other. While they both can be used to describe corrugated board, the different measurements emphasize the importance of different board properties that may be re
16、levant to the transport environment. 2.2 Testing of double-wall board is of questionable accuracy since it is rarely possible to get sufficiently simultaneous bursts of the multiple facings. Some advocate crushing double-wall board before testing to reduce or eliminate the multiple “pops” of the str
17、ucture. This will typically result in higher values than on uncrushed board. 2.2.1 Do not test triple-wall corrugated board with this method, or board constructions with even more than four layers of liner, as test values generated will be unreliable due to the inability to achieve simultaneous burs
18、ts of the various facings. 2.3 The test is simple and rapid to execute, but it must be recognized that it is subject to serious errors if instrument, diaphragm, and gages are not properly maintained or if improper procedures are used (1, 2, 3). 3. Apparatus 3.1 Bursting tester1, consisting of the fo
19、llowing: 3.1.1 Means for clamping the test specimen between two annular, plane surfaces having fine concentric or spiral tool marks to minimize slippage. The upper clamping platen (clamping ring) has a minimum diameter of 95.3 mm (3.75 in.), and a circular opening of 31.50 0.03 mm (1.240 0.001 in.)
20、diameter. The lower edge of the opening (side in contact with the board) has a 0.64 mm (0.025 in.) radius. Platen thickness dimensions are not critical but shall be sturdy enough to ensure that the platens do not distort during use. A minimum thickness of 9.5 mm (0.374 in.) has been found satisfacto
21、ry in use. The lower clamping surface (diaphragm plate) has an opening 31.50 0.03 mm (1.240 0.001 in.) in diameter and an overall diameter at least as large as the upper clamping plate. The upper edge of the opening (in contact with the board) has a 0.41 mm 0.1 mm (0.016 0.004 in.) radius and the lo
22、wer edge of the opening (in contact with the rubber diaphragm) has a radius of 3.1 0.1 mm (0.122 0.004 in.) to prevent cutting the rubber when pressure is applied. 3.1.2 The upper clamping ring is connected to the clamping mechanism through a swivel joint to facilitate even clamping pressure. The op
23、enings in the two clamping plates are required to be concentric to within 0.13 mm (0.0051 in.) and their clamping faces flat and parallel (see T 807 Appendix A.1.1). 3.1.3 A molded (disk-shaped) diaphragm requiring a pressure of not less than 160 kPa (23.2 psi) nor more than 210 kPa (30.5 psi) to di
24、stend it to a height of 9.53 mm (0.375 in.) above the diaphragm plate (see T 807, Appendix A.1.2.) 3.1.4 Hydraulic system, to apply an increasing pressure to the inner surface of the diaphragm until the specimen test piece ruptures through the surface not in contact with the diaphragm. The pressure
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