ANSI INCITS ISO IEC 14495-2-2003 Information Technology - Lossless and near-lossless compression of continuous-tone still images - Part 2 Extensions《信息技术.连续色调静态图像的无损和近似无损压缩.第2部分 扩展.pdf
《ANSI INCITS ISO IEC 14495-2-2003 Information Technology - Lossless and near-lossless compression of continuous-tone still images - Part 2 Extensions《信息技术.连续色调静态图像的无损和近似无损压缩.第2部分 扩展.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ANSI INCITS ISO IEC 14495-2-2003 Information Technology - Lossless and near-lossless compression of continuous-tone still images - Part 2 Extensions《信息技术.连续色调静态图像的无损和近似无损压缩.第2部分 扩展.pdf(62页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Adopted by INCITS (InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards) as an American National Standard.Date of ANSI Approval: 12/30/2003Published by American National Standards Institute,25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036Copyright 2003 by Information Technology Industry Council
2、 (ITI).All rights reserved.These materials are subject to copyright claims of International Standardization Organization (ISO), InternationalElectrotechnical Commission (IEC), American National Standards Institute (ANSI), and Information Technology Industry Council(ITI). Not for resale. No part of t
3、his publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, withoutthe prior written permission of ITI. All requests pertaining to this standard should be submitted to ITI, 1250 Eye Street NW,Washington, DC 20005.Printed in the United States of AmericaReference numberISO
4、/IEC 14495-2:2003(E)ISO/IEC 2003INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC14495-2Second edition2003-04-01Information technology Lossless and near-lossless compression of continuous-tone still images: ExtensionsTechnologies de linformation Compression sans perte et quasi sans perte dimages fixes model continu: E
5、xtensions Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSINot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO/IEC 14495-2:2003(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing
6、 policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Cen
7、tral Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been ta
8、ken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be repro
9、duced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 7
10、49 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reservedCopyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSINot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,
11、-ISO/IEC 14495-2:2003(E) ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reserved iiiCONTENTS Page 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards 1 2.2 Additional references 1 3 Definitions, abbreviations, symbols and conventions 2 3.1 Definitions. 2 3.2 Abbreviations 2 3.3 Sym
12、bols. 2 4 General . 3 4.1 Extensions specified by this Recommendation | International Standard. 4 4.1.1 Encoding with arithmetic coding 4 4.1.2 Extension of near-lossless coding . 4 4.1.3 Extension of prediction . 5 4.1.4 Extension of Golomb coding 5 4.1.5 Fixed length coding. 5 4.1.6 Sample transfo
13、rmation for inverse colour transforms . 5 4.2 Descriptions of extended functions . 5 5 Interchange format requirements 6 6 Encoder requirements. 6 7 Decoder requirements. 6 8 Conformance testing for extensions . 7 8.1 Purpose 7 8.2 Encoder conformance tests 7 8.3 Decoder conformance tests . 7 Annex
14、A Encoding procedures with arithmetic coding for a single component. 10 A.1 Coding parameters and compressed image data 10 A.2 Initializations and conventions 10 A.2.1 Initializations. 10 A.2.2 Conventions for figures. 12 A.3 Context determination. 12 A.3.1 Local gradient computation. 12 A.3.2 Flat
15、region detection 13 A.3.3 Local gradient quantization. 13 A.3.4 Quantized gradient merging 14 A.3.5 Adjustment of error tolerance for near-lossless coding with visual quantization 14 A.4 Prediction 14 A.4.1 Edge-detecting predictor . 14 A.4.2 Prediction correction . 14 A.4.3 Computation of predictio
16、n error 15 A.4.4 Error quantization for near-lossless coding, and reconstructed value computation 16 A.4.5 Modulo reduction of the prediction error 16 A.5 Prediction error encoding 16 A.5.1 Error mapping . 17 A.5.2 Binarization of MErrval with the Golomb code tree. 17 A.5.3 Mapped-error encoding. 18
17、 A.6 Update variables 18 A.6.1 Update. 18 A.6.2 Bias computation. 21 A.7 Flow of encoding procedures 22 Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSINot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO/IEC 14495-2:2003(E) iv
18、 ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reservedPage Annex B Arithmetic coding 24 B.1 Arithmetic encoding procedures . 24 B.1.1 Binary arithmetic encoding principles 24 B.1.2 Procedures of arithmetic coding 25 B.2 Arithmetic decoding procedures . 28 B.2.1 Binary arithmetic decoding principles 28 B.2.2 Procedures o
19、f arithmetic decoding 28 Annex C Encoding with arithmetic coding for multiple component images 30 C.1 Introduction. 30 C.2 Line interleaved mode. 30 C.2.1 Description 30 C.2.2 Process flow 30 C.3 Sample interleaved mode 30 C.3.1 Description 30 C.3.2 Process flow 31 C.4 Minimum coded unit (MCU) 31 An
20、nex D Extended functions for the baseline coding model 32 D.1 Extensions of near-lossless coding 32 D.1.1 Near-lossless coding with visual quantizaion . 32 D.1.2 Near-lossless coding with NEAR value re-specification 32 D.2 Extensions of prediction on baseline coding model 33 D.2.1 Initializations. 3
21、3 D.2.2 Prediction correction . 33 D.2.3 Symbol packing. 33 D.2.4 Update variables 34 D.2.5 Run interruption sample encoding 35 D.2.6 Flow of encoding procedures 35 D.3 Extension of Golomb coding. 35 D.3.1 Golomb code completion 36 D.3.2 Run interruption handling for qbpp=1 36 Annex E Fixed length c
22、oding . 37 E.1 Introduction. 37 E.2 Fixed length coding. 37 Annex F Sample transformation for inverse colour transform . 38 F.1 Inverse colour transform . 38 F.2 Example and guideline (Informative) 39 Annex G Compressed data format 41 G.1 General aspects of the compressed data format specification .
23、 41 G.1.1 Marker assignments 41 G.1.2 JPEG-LS preset parameters specification syntax 41 Annex H Control procedures for extensions. 48 H.1 Control procedure for encoding a restart interval 48 H.2 Control procedure for encoding a minimum coded unit (MCU) with fixed length code (FLC) . 48 Annex I Confo
24、rmance tests. 51 I.1 Test images . 51 I.1.1 Source images . 51 I.1.2 Compressed image data. 51 I.1.3 Test image formats 51 Annex J Patents 53 J.1 List of patents 53 Annex K Bibliography 55 Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSINot for ResaleNo reprodu
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