ANSI American Society of Safety Engineers Z88.2-2015 American National Standard Practices for Respiratory Protection.pdf

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1、AmericAn nAtionAl StAndArdANSI/ASSE Z88.2 2015American National Standard Practices for Respiratory ProtectionAmericAn Society of SAfety engineerS4Casselogo-1200dpi_vector-1c-outline.pdf 1 1/20/2012 1:31:55 PMANSI/ASSE Z88.2 2015ANSI/ASSE Z88.2 2015The information and materials contained in this publ

2、ication have been developed from sources believed to be reliable. However, the American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) as secretariat of the ANSI accredited Z88 Committee or individual committee members accept no legal responsibility for the correctness or completeness of this material or its ap

3、plication to specific factual situations. By publication of this standard, ASSE or the Z88 Committee does not ensure that adherence to these recommendations will protect the safety or health of any persons or preserve property. ANSI ANSI/ASSE Z88.2 2015 American National Standard Practices for Respi

4、ratory Protection Secretariat American Society of Safety Engineers 520 N. Northwest Highway Park Ridge, Illinois 60068 Approved March 4, 2015 American National Standards Institute, Inc. Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, con

5、sensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a s

6、imple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether

7、 he/she has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstance give an interpretation of any American N

8、ational Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretation should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title

9、page of this standard. Caution Notice: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standa

10、rds may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published April by: American Society of Safety Engineers 520 N. Northwest Highway Park Ridge, Illinois 60068 (847) 699-2929 www.asse.org Copyright 2015 by American Society of Safety

11、Engineers All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America American National Standard Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of

12、 American National Standard Z88.2-2015.) The purpose of this standard is to help establish, implement and administer an effective respirator program. Due to the withdrawal of the 1992 version of this standard by ANSI in 2002, this standard is viewed as a new standard rather than the fourth version.

13、The American National Standard, Practices for Respiratory Protection, Z88.2-2015 was substantially delayed due to professional disagreements over appropriate assigned protection factors (APFs) for air-purifying half mask respirators and the associated drawn out appeals processes. On December 10, 201

14、0, the ANSI Board of Standards Review Panel denied the final appeal and recommended the review process be started with a new subcommittee. The Z88 committee established a new Z88.2 subcommittee, and directed it to start with the existing draft Z88.2 standard. During the production of this standard,

15、the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) revised its Respiratory Protection standard to add definitions and requirements for APFs and Maximum Use Concentrations (MUCs). (See 63 FR 1152; 29 CFR 1910.134; 71 FR 50122, August 24, 2006). OSHA established APFs after thoroughly reviewing a

16、vailable literature, including workplace protection factor studies, comments submitted to the record and hearing testimony. APFs provide employers with critical information to use when selecting respirators for employees exposed to atmospheric contaminants found in industry. Proper respirator select

17、ion is an important component of an effective respiratory protection program. Accordingly, the OSHA APFs are necessary to protect employees who must use respirators to protect them from airborne contaminants. See OSHA Guide, Assigned Protection Factors for the Revised Respiratory Protection Standard

18、, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, OSHA 3352-02, 2009. In addition to OSHA rulemaking on APFs, OSHA also updated Appendix A to 1910.134: Fit Testing Procedures (Mandatory) 63 FR 20098, April 23, 1998; 69 FR 46993, August 4, 2004, and ANSI published the America

19、n National Standard, ANSI/AIHA Z88.10-2010 Respirator Fit Testing Methods, approved on December 3, 2010. These rules and standards thoroughly address the topics of APFs and fit testing. Additionally, the Z88 Committee approved the establishment of a Respirator APF Subcommittee, Z88.15, on July 23, 2

20、008. Thus, this Z88.2 standard does not contain details on these topics, but does provide reference to the appropriate OSHA regulations and ANSI/AIHA Z88.10-2010. This revision of the Z88.2 standard has also updated sections on oxygen deficiency (including an easy to use table indicating what types

21、of respirators are required to work safely in increasingly dangerous oxygen-deficient environments), respirator selection, use of emergency respirators and respirator audits. Also added are new annexes on classification of and considerations for selection and use of respirators, establishing cartrid

22、ge/canister change schedules, required fit factor value for respirator fit testing, calculating effective protection factors, compliance with compressed air dew point requirements, compressed breathing air equipment and systems and designations of positive-pressure respirators. The first version of

23、ANSI Z88.2 was approved August 11, 1969 and was a revision of the respiratory protection portion of American National Standard safety code for head, eye and respiratory protection, ASA Z2.1-1959. The second revision of this standard, ANSI Z88.2-1980, entitled American National Standard Practices for

24、 Respiratory Protection was approved on May 22, 1980. The third version of this standard, American National Standard for Respiratory Protection, ANSI Z88.2-1992, was approved August 6, 1992. Revisions: The Z88 Committee welcomes proposals for revisions to this standard. Revisions are made to the sta

25、ndard periodically (usually five years from the date of the standard) to incorporate changes that appear necessary or desirable, as demonstrated by experience gained from the application of the standard. Proposals should be as specific as possible, citing the relevant section number(s), the proposed

26、 wording and the reason for the proposal. Pertinent documentation would enable the Z88 Committee to process the changes in a more-timely manner. Interpretations: Upon a request in writing to the Secretariat, the Z88 Committee will render an interpretation of any requirement of the standard. The requ

27、est for interpretation should be clear, citing the relevant section number(s) and phrased as a request for a clarification of a specific requirement. Oral interpretations are not provided. No one but the Z88 Committee (through the Z88 Secretariat) is authorized to provide any interpretation of this

28、standard. Approval: Neither the Z88 Committee nor American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approves, certifies, rates or endorses any item, construction, proprietary device or activity. Appendices/Addenda: Appendices are included in most standards to provide the user with additional information

29、related to the subject of the standard. Appendices are not part of the approved standard. Committee Meetings: The Z88 Committee meets periodically. Persons wishing to attend a meeting should contact the Secretariat for information. Standard Approval: This standard was processed and approved for subm

30、ittal to ANSI by the American National Standards Committee on Respiratory Protection, Z88. Approval of the standard does not necessarily imply (nor is it required) that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time ANSI approved this standard, the Z88 Committee had the following members:

31、 James S. Johnson, Ph.D., CIH, QEP, Chair Jonathan Szalajda, MSCE, MSIE, Vice Chair Timothy R. Fisher, CSP, CHMM, ARM, CPEA, Secretary Jennie Dalesandro, Administrative Technical Support Organization Represented Name of Representative 3M Craig Colton, CIH Geoffrey Betsinger, CIH American Industrial

32、Hygiene Association Michael Schmoldt, P.E., CIH, CHMM, CPEA American Iron provides information and guidance on the proper selection, use and maintenance of respirators and contains requirements for establishing, implementing and evaluating respirator programs. The standard covers the use of respirat

33、ors to protect persons against the inhalation of harmful air contaminants and against oxygen-deficient atmospheres in the workplace. The following are not covered by this standard: a) underwater breathing devices; b) aircraft oxygen systems; c) supplied-air suits; d) use of respirators under militar

34、y combat conditions, and e) medical inhalators and resuscitators. 1.2 Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to provide information and guidance on the proper selection, use and maintenance of respirators, which will help safeguard the life and health of respirator wearers. This standard is writte

35、n for all persons concerned with respiratory protection, but especially for those primarily responsible for establishing and administering an acceptable respirator program. The standard contains require-ments recommended for enforcement authorities in establishing regulations or codes for respirator

36、y protection use. 1.3 Exceptions. Users of this standard shall be aware that regulatory agencies may have requirements that are different from this standard. 2. NORMATIVE REFERENCES The following standards contain provisions that, through reference in this text, con-stitute provisions of this Americ

37、an National Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agree-ments based on this American National Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicate

38、d below. ANSI Z88.6-2006, Respiratory Protection - Respirator Use - Physical Qualifications for Personnel ANSI Z88.10-2010, Respirator Fit Test Methods CGA C-7-2011, Guide to the Preparation of Precautionary Labeling and Marking of Compressed Gas Containers CGA G-7.1-2011, Commodity Specification fo

39、r Air Code of Federal Regulations, Title 49, Part 180, Continuing Qualification and Mainte-nance of Packaging United States Pharmacopoeia, 2009 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1851, Standard on Selection, Care, and Maintenance of Protective Ensembles for Structural Fire Fighting and Prox

40、imity Fire Fighting, 2014 Edition National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1981, Standard on Open-Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) for Emergency Services, 2013 Edition 3. DEFINITIONS 3.1 Abrasive Blasting Respirator. An airline respirator designed to protect the wearer from inhal

41、ation of, impact of and abrasion by materials used or generated in abrasive blasting. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z88.2 2015 10 3.2 Aerodynamic Diameter. The diameter of a unit density sphere having the same terminal settling velocity as the particle in question. 3.3 Aerosol. Particles, solid or liqu

42、id, suspended in air (e.g., dust, fumes, mists or fibers). 3.4 Airline Respirator (Supplied-Air Respirator SAR). An atmosphere-supply-ing respirator in which the respirable air is supplied from a hose or breathing tube, rather than being carried by the wearer. 3.5 Air-Purifying Respirator. A respira

43、tor where ambient air is passed through an air-purifying element by either inhalation or by means of a blower. 3.6 Ambient Air Pump. A motorized blower used to supply air to a continuous flow airline respirator. 3.7 Approved. A respirator for which a formal certificate was issued by the National Ins

44、titute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) or by NIOSH and the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) in accordance with 42 CFR Part 84 Respira-tory Protective Devices and is maintained in full compliance with the certificate. 3.8 Assigned Protection Factor (APF). The minimum expected w

45、orkplace level of respiratory protection that would be provided by a properly functioning and used respirator or a class of respirators to properly fitted and trained wearers when all elements of an effective respirator program are established and are being implemented. 3.9 Atmosphere-Supplying Resp

46、irator. A class of respirators that supply a respirable atmosphere, independent of the workplace atmosphere. This class includes airline respirators and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). 3.10 Bioaerosol. A liquid droplet (gener-ated for example by coughing, sneezing) or a solid particle (ge

47、nerated for example by sweeping, shoveling) suspended in the air that is living or originate from living organisms. Bioaerosols include living or dead microorganisms, fragments, toxins and particulate waste products from all varieties of living things. They are capable of causing infection, adverse

48、or allergic response potentially leading to disease. Note: Individual bioaerosols most often range in size from 0.01m to 100m in diameter. 3.11 Bio-Monitoring. A determination of the concentration of a substance in biological fluids or tissue and used for occupational exposure surveillance. 3.12 Can

49、ister (Air-Purifying). A container with (1) gas and vapor removing sorbent or catalyst or (2) gas and vapor removing sorbent or catalyst that remove gases and vapors, and filter that removes particles from inspired air (or air drawn through the unit). Typically attached to a full facepiece either mounted directly to the chin or connected to a breathing tube so the canister may be worn in the front or back of the person. Note: Respirators with air-purifying canisters are approved by NIOSH as gas masks, and contain an approval number TC-14G-xxxx. 3.13 Canister (Carbon D