AISC DESIGN GUIDE 3-2004 Serviceability Design Considerations for Steel Buildings (2nd Edition).pdf
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1、3Steel Design GuideServiceability DesignConsiderationsSecond Editionfor Steel Buildingscover DG3 revise.qxd 4/27/2004 8:58 AM Page 33Steel Design GuideServiceability DesignConsiderationsMICHAEL WEST AND JAMES FISHERComputerized Structural Design, Inc.Milwaukee, Wisconsinwith contributions fromLAWREN
2、CE G. GRIFFISWalter P. Moore and AssociatesAustin, TexasAMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION, INC.for Steel BuildingsSecond EditionCopyright 2003byAmerican Institute of Steel Construction, Inc.All rights reserved. This book or any part thereofmust not be reproduced in any form without thewritten
3、 permission of the publisher.The information presented in this publication has been prepared in accordance with recognizedengineering principles and is for general information only. While it is believed to be accurate,this information should not be used or relied upon for any specific application wi
4、thout com-petent professional examination and verification of its accuracy, suitability, and applicabilityby a licensed professional engineer, designer, or architect. The publication of the material con-tained herein is not intended as a representation or warranty on the part of the AmericanInstitut
5、e of Steel Construction or of any other person named herein, that this information is suit-able for any general or particular use or of freedom from infringement of any patent or patents.Anyone making use of this information assumes all liability arising from such use.Caution must be exercised when
6、relying upon other specifications and codes developed by otherbodies and incorporated by reference herein since such material may be modified or amendedfrom time to time subsequent to the printing of this edition. The Institute bears no responsi-bility for such material other than to refer to it and
7、 incorporate it by reference at the time of theinitial publication of this edition.Printed in the United States of AmericaFirst Printing: March 2004vPreface AcknowledgementsThis Design Guide is the second edition of AISC DesignGuide 3, which was originally titled Serviceability DesignConsiderations
8、for Low-Rise Buildings. The new title Ser-viceability Design Considerations for Steel Buildingsreflects the addition of information on tall buildings and thefollowing more general information:1. A review of steel building types, occupancies and ser-viceability design considerations related to each,
9、asapplicable.2. Revision to current editions of references.3. Information on ponding for roof design.4. Information on floors, including discussion regardingcambering beams and how deflection issues relate to theconstruction of concrete slabs.5. Revision of floor vibration information to follow AISC
10、Design Guide 11, Floor Vibrations Due to Human Activity(Murray and others, 1997).AISC would also like to thank the following people forassistance in the review of this Design Guide. Their com-ments and suggestions have been invaluable.Todd AlwoodHarry A. ColeCharles J. CarterCynthia J. DuncanTom Fer
11、rellLouis F. GeschwindnerJohn L. HarrisChristopher M. HewittLawrence KloiberJay W. LarsonRoberto LeonWilliam LiddyRonald L. MengCharles R. PageDavis ParsonsDavid T. RickerVictor ShneurWilliam T. SeguiEldon TippingThe authors wish to thank the Metal Building Manufactur-ers Association for its joint s
12、upport with AISC in the prepa-ration of the first edition of this Guide. viiTable of ContentsChapter 1Introduction 1Serviceability Requirements in the AISC Specification 1Storage/Warehouses 3Manufacturing3Heavy Industrial/Mill Buildings 3Mercantile/Shopping Malls4Health Care and Laboratory Facilitie
13、s 4Educational 4Office Buildings 4Parking Structures5Residential/Apartments/Hotels 5Assembly/Arenas 5Seismic Applications5Chapter 2Design Considerations Relative to Roofing7Ponding Stability7Roofing 9Membrane Roofs9Metal Roofs11Chapter 3Design Considerations Relative to Skylights13Chapter 4Design Co
14、nsiderations Relative to Cladding,Frame Deformation, and Drift 15Cladding-Structure Interaction 15Foundation-Supported Cladding for Gravity Loads15Frame-Supported Cladding at Columns 18Frame-Supported Cladding for GravityLoads Along Spandrels 19Special Considerations for Tall Buildings 19Chapter 5De
15、sign Considerations Relative to InteriorPartitions and Ceilings 21Support Deflection 21Flat and Level Floors 21Specifying Camber and Camber Tolerances22Maintaining Floor Elevation23Chapter 6Design Considerations Relative to Vibration/Acceleration 25Human Response to Vibration 25Machines and Vibratio
16、n 25Tall Building AccelerationMotion Perception 25Chapter 7Design Considerations Relative to Equipment 29Elevators 29Conveyors 29Cranes 29Mechanical Equipment 30References33AppendixSummary of Serviceability Considerations37DESIGN GUIDE 3, 2ND EDITION / SERVICEABILITY DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR STEEL
17、BUILDINGS /1Serviceability is defined in the AISC Specification as “astate in which the function of a building, its appearance,maintainability, durability, and comfort of its occupants arepreserved under normal usage”. Although serviceabilityissues have always been a design consideration, changes in
18、codes and materials have added importance to these mat-ters. The shift to a limit-states basis for design is one example.Since 1986, both the AISC LRFD and AISC ASD Specifi-cations have been based upon the limit-states designapproach in which two categories of limit states are recog-nized: strength
19、limit states and serviceability limit states.Strength limit states control the safety of the structure andmust be met. Serviceability limit states define the functionalperformance of the structure and should be met. The distinction between the two categories centers on theconsequences of exceeding t
20、he limit state. The conse-quences of exceeding a strength limit may be buckling,instability, yielding, fracture, etc. These consequences arethe direct response of the structure or element to load. Ingeneral, serviceability issues are different in that theyinvolve the response of people and objects t
21、o the behaviorof the structure under load. For example, the occupants mayfeel uncomfortable if there are unacceptable deformations,drifts, or vibrations.Whether or not a structure or element has passed a limitstate is a matter of judgment. In the case of strength limits,the judgment is technical and
22、 the rules are established bybuilding codes and design specifications. In the case of ser-viceability limits, the judgments are frequently non-techni-cal. They involve the perceptions and expectations ofbuilding owners and occupants. Serviceability limits have,in general, not been codified, in part
23、because the appropri-ate or desirable limits often vary from application to appli-cation. As such, they are more a part of the contractualagreements with the owner than life-safety related. Thus, itis proper that they remain a matter of contractual agreementand not specified in the building codes.In
24、 a perfect world the distinction between strength andserviceability would disappear. There would be no prob-lems or failures of any kind. In the real world all designmethods are based upon a finite, but very small probabilityof exceedance. Because of the non-catastrophic conse-quences of exceeding a
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