AHRI GUIDELINE A-2008 Energy Management Systems and Load Management through Duty Cycling.pdf

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1、 2008 Guideline for Energy Management Systems and Load Management through Duty Cycling AHRI Guideline A(formerly ARI Guideline A)Price $5.00 (M) $10.00 (NM) Copyright 2008, by Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute Printed in U.S.A. Registered United States Patent and Trademark Offic

2、e IMPORTANT SAFETY DISCLAIMER AHRI does not set safety standards and does not certify or guarantee the safety of any products, components or systems designed, tested, rated, installed or operated in accordance with this standard/guideline. It is strongly recommended that products be designed, constr

3、ucted, assembled, installed and operated in accordance with nationally recognized safety standards and code requirements appropriate for products covered by this standard/guideline. AHRI uses its best efforts to develop standards/guidelines employing state-of-the-art and accepted industry practices.

4、 AHRI does not certify or guarantee that any tests conducted under its standards/guidelines will be non-hazardous or free from risk. Note: This guideline supersedes ARI Guideline A-2003. FOREWORD AHRI recognizes the desire of many customers, users and other building owners to install an Energy Manag

5、ement System (EMS) device on heating, ventilating, air-conditioning, and refrigeration equipment. It is also recognized that some power suppliers encourage “Load Management through Duty Cycling,“ a program designed to reduce the peak load on a power distribution system and hence delay or eliminate t

6、he need for additional power generating capacity. AHRI offers this guideline without representing that energy savings, user comfort or equipment performance will be achieved. The product scope of AHRI encompasses a wide variety of products. The availability of various types of EMS devices is very br

7、oad and the effect of such devices on equipment warranties may vary product-by-product and manufacturer-to-manufacturer. Therefore, AHRI urges that the equipment manufacturer be contacted for specific recommendations concerning that equipment. TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Section 1. Purpose .1 Section 2.

8、Scope 1 Section 3. Definitions1 Section 4. General Guidance.1 APPENDICES Appendix A. References - Normative .3 Appendix B. References - Informative3 AHRI GUIDELINE A-2008 1ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND LOAD MANAGEMENT THROUGH DUTY CYCLING Section 1. Purpose 1.1 Purpose. The purpose of this guideline

9、 is to identify some of the issues that need to be considered when installing and operating energy management devices to control heating, ventilating, air-conditioning, and refrigeration (HVACR) equipment in residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. 1.1.1 Intent. This guideline is intended

10、for the guidance of the industry, including utility companies, manufacturers, engineers, installers, contractors and users. 1.1.2 Review and Amendment. This guideline is subject to review and amendment as technology advances. Section 2. Scope This guideline applies to the installation and operation

11、of Energy Management Systems (EMS) to control heating, ventilating, air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment in all applications; residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. In the event of any conflict between the manufacturers specific instructions and these guidelines, the manufacturer

12、s instructions should prevail over these guidelines. Section 3. Definitions All terms in this document follow the standard industry definitions in the current edition of ASHRAE Terminology of Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration unless otherwise defined in this section. 3.1 Duty

13、 Cycling. The process of turning off electrical equipment for predetermined periods of time during operating hours to reduce power consumption and demand. 3.2 Energy Management System (EMS). Formal system of building energy conservation through any available means. 3.3 Load Management. Deliberate co

14、ntrol or influencing of user loads to affect the time of day electric power and energy are used. 3.4 Should. “Should” is used to indicate provisions which are not mandatory but which are desirable as good practice. Section 4. General Guidance The following are some of the issues that should be consi

15、dered when installing and operating Energy Management Systems to control heating, ventilating, air-conditioning, and refrigeration equipment. 4.1 Safety. Do not alter, disable or bypass any of the safety controls, including building fire emergency and smoke control systems. 4.2 Control Circuits. Con

16、trol the HVACR unit operation through the control system provide by the original equipment manufacturer. An auxiliary power supply may be required to carry the load of any additional field supplied controls. Additional load on the HVACR equipment transformer can cause voltage drop, chattering contac

17、tors, and ultimate failure of motors, compressors and/or other components. 4.3 Fail-Safe Requirement. In the event of failure of an add-on control device(s), the normal operation of the equipment being controlled should not be jeopardized. AHRI GUIDELINE A-2008 2 4.4 Cycle Rate. Do not short cycle m

18、otor controllers, motors, or compressors. The compressor off cycle should be five (5) minutes or longer. The compressor on cycle should be (3) minutes or longer. If more than four (4) cycles per hour are anticipated, contact the equipment manufacturer for specific recommendations. 4.5 Fossil Fuel He

19、ating Equipment. Do not short cycle or underfire fossil fuel heating equipment. Adequate burner operating time and temperature is necessary to prevent condensation damage to the heat exchanger and/or the flue. Contact the equipment manufacturer for specific recommendations. 4.6 Thermostat Interface.

20、 If the EMS device is designed to interrupt a wall thermostat signal, then an evaluation is needed to determine if a resistor is required as a jumper in parallel with the EMS. Failure to do so with a mechanical thermostat could in-activate the anticipator (not recommended for efficiency and occupant

21、 comfort). Failure to do so with an electronic (power robbing) thermostat could result in display and memory power to be drawn from back-up batteries and/or super capacitors, and may ultimately lead to the loss of back-up power and thermostat memory. 4.7 Knowledge of the Area to be Managed. Customer

22、s, users, building owners, and power suppliers need to recognize other potential negative consequences that can result from the use of EMS devices and should ensure that such do not result in property damage, a compromise of health, and/or accidental death. Heating, ventilating, air-conditioning, an

23、d refrigeration equipment may be added not only for occupant comfort, but also to address specific air quality problems, and should not be altered without careful consideration. Know and understand what auxiliary systems are connected to the main heating, ventilating, air-conditioning and refrigerat

24、ion equipment, why they were added, and if the EMS device will impact their performance during Duty Cycling. 4.8 Installation and Inspection by Qualified Personnel. Installation of devices for EMS and Duty Cycling should be done by, and under the supervision of, qualified and experienced personnel t

25、o ensure proper installation. The work should be properly inspected to ensure that federal, state, and local code and regulatory requirements and guidelines are properly met, and safe conditions are maintained for occupants. AHRI GUIDELINE A-2008 3APPENDIX A. REFERENCES - NORMATIVE None. APPENDIX B.

26、 REFERENCES - INFORMATIVE B1 Listed here are standards, handbooks, and other publications which may provide useful information and background but are not considered essential. References in this appendix are not considered part of this guideline. B1.1 ASHRAE Terminology of Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration, Second Edition, 1991, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1791 Tullie Circle N.E., Atlanta, GA 30329, U.S.A.