2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）英语及答案解析.docx

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1、1 2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）英语本试题卷共81题。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例: How much is the shirt?A. 19.15.B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1. What time is it now?A. 910.B. 950.C. 1000.2. What doe

2、s the woman think of the weather?A. Its nice.B. Its warm.C. Its cold. 3. What will the man do?A.Attend a meeting.B. Give a lecture.C. Leave his office.4. What is the womans opinion about the course?A. Too hard.B. Worth taking.C. Very easy.5. What does the woman want the man to do?A. Speak louder. B.

3、Apologize to her.C. Turn off the radio.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个 2 小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How long did Michael stay in China?A. Five days.B. One week.C. Two weeks.7. Where did Michael go las

4、t year?A. Russia.B. Norway.C. India. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What food does Sally like?A. Chicken.B. Fish.C. Eggs.9. What are the speakers going to do?A. Cook dinner.B. Go shopping.C. Order dishes.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Where are the speakers? A. In a hospital.B. In the office.C.At home.11. When is the repo

5、rt due?A. Thursday.B. Friday.C. Next Monday.12. What does George suggest Stephanie do with the report?A. Improve it.B. Hand it in later.C. Leave it with him. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Salesperson and customer.B. Homeowner and cleaner.C. Husband an

6、d wife.14. What kind of apartment do the speakers prefer?A. One with two bedrooms.B. One without furniture. 3 C. One near a market.15. How much rent should one pay for the one bedroom apartment?A.350.B.400.C.415.16. Where is the apartment the speakers would like to see?A. On Lake Street.B. On Market

7、 Street.C. On South Street.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What percentage of the worlds tea exports go to Britain? A.Almost 15%.B.About 30%.C. Over 40%.18. Why do tea tasters taste tea with milk?A. Most British people drink tea that way.B. Tea tastes much better with milk.C. Tea with milk is healthy.19. Who

8、suggests a price for each tea?A. Tea tasters.B. Tea exporters.C. Tea companies.20. What is the speaker talking about? A. The life of tea tasters.B.Afternoon tea in Britain.C. The London Tea Trade Centre.答案：1-5 ACABC 6-10 BABCB 11-15ABCAB 16-20 CBAAC第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请阅

9、读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whatever C. whicheverD. whenever答案是B。21. The number of smokers, _ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.A. itB. whichC. what 4 D. as解析：句意：据报道，吸烟者人数（过去）一年就减少了17%。as引导的非

10、限制性定语从句位置灵活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末，指代的是整个一句话。故选D项。答案：D22. Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to _ to their greatestpotential.A. accelerateB. improveC. performD. develop解析：句意：学校应该是鼓励个体最大限度地发展潜能的地方。A项“加速，加快”；B项 “改善，提高”；C项“表现”；D项“发展”。故选D项。答案：D23.Jim, can you work this Sunday?_? I

11、ve been working for two weeks on end.A. Why meB. Why notC. What ifD. So what解析：句意：Jim，周末你能加班吗？为什么是我？我连续工作两周了。A项“为什么是我？”；B项“为什么不呢?”；C项“要是会怎样?”；D项“那又怎么样?”。只有A项符合语境。故选A项。 答案：A24. Much time _ sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.A. being spentB. having spentC. spen

12、tD. spending解析：句意：上班族们坐在办公桌前太久，一般会收到健康问题的干扰。分析句子结构可知，分词的逻辑主语和后面主句的主语不一致，应用独立主格结构。分词主语和分词动作之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且动作已完成，故用过去分词。故选C项。答案：C 25. _ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some wont accept it.A. ThatB. WhyC. WhereD. How解析：句意：李白是中国一位伟大的诗人，他的出生地是众所周知的，但有些人不愿接受这一事实。分析句子结构可知，

13、a great Chinese poet做Li Bai的同位语，is前面是主语从句。 5 比较选项只有where符合句意，where在从句中做地点状语。故选C项。答案：C26. It is so cold that you cant go outside _ fully covered in thick clothes.A. ifB. unlessC. onceD. when解析：句意：外面太冷了，你不要出去，除非用厚衣服完全裹起来。A项“如果”；B项“除非”；C项“一旦”；D项“当时候”。“unless fully covered”为“连词+省略结构”，补充完整为“unless you ar

14、e”。故选B项。答案：B 27. The university started some new language programs to _ the countrys Silk RoadEconomic Belt.A. apply toB. cater forC. appeal toD. hunt for解析：句意：这多大学启动了一些新的语言项目，为国家丝绸指路经济带提供服务。A项“向申请，适用于”；B项“迎合，满足的需要，为提供服务”；C项“对有吸引力，呼吁”；D项“猎取，寻找”。故选B项。答案：B28. It might have saved me some trouble _ the

15、schedule. A. did I knowB. have I knownC. do I knowD. had I known解析：句意：如果我早知道日程安排，可能会省去我一些麻烦。根据题干中might have saved可知主句是对过去的虚拟，从句应用if I had known与主句保持一致。if虚拟条件句中含有had时，可将if省去，同时将had提前构成倒装结构。故选D项。答案：D29. The whole team _ Cristiano Ronaldo, and he seldom lets them down.A. wait onB. focus on C. count onD

16、. call on解析：句意：全队都指望克里斯蒂亚诺罗纳尔多，他从未让他们失望。A项“服侍，等待”；B项“集中（注意力）于”；C项“指望”；D项“呼吁，拜访”。故选C项。答案：C30. The real reason why prices _ , and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion 6 can satisfactorily explain this problem.A. wereB. will beC. have beenD. had been解析：句意：过去和现在价格一直居高不下的真正原因很复杂，简短的讨论解

17、释这一问题无法让人满意。根据题干中“and still are”的提示可知过去价格也居高不下，故用一般过去时，表示过去的状态。故选A项。答案：A31. The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and _ review of the case.A. comprehensive B. complicatedC. consciousD. crucial解析：句意：警官决定对这起案件进行一次彻底全面的审查。A项“综合的，全面的，有理解力的”；B项“复杂的”；C项“有意识的”；D项“至关重要的”。故选A项。答案：A32. Some school

18、s will have to make _ in agreement with the national soccer reform.A. judgmentsB. adjustmentsC. commentsD. achievements 解析：句意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应，一些学校必须做出调整。A项“判断，决断”；B项“调整”；C项“评价，评论”；D项“成就”。故选B项。答案：B33.Why didnt you invite John to your birthday party?Well, you know hes _ .A. an early birdB. a wet blanket

19、C. a lucky dogD. a tough nut解析：句意：-为什么你没有要求约翰出席你的生日聚会？-你知道的，他是个令人扫兴的人。A项“早起的鸟儿（比喻勤劳的人）”；B项“扫兴的人或物”；C项“幸运儿”；D项“棘 手的事情。难对付的人”。故选B项。答案：B34. Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around _ Thomas Edison.A. thanks toB. regardless ofC. aside fromD. but for 7 解析：句意：要不是爱迪生的发明，今天我们身边享用的很多东西都将不复存

20、在。A项“多亏”，具有很强的迷惑性，如将题干改成“_ Tomas Edison, now we can benefit frommany of the things around us.”则选A项；B项“不管，不顾”；C项“除了”；D项“要不是”，用于隐藏式（含蓄式）虚拟条件句。故选D项。答案：D35.Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.Id like to, but Im afraid she wont be happy with my _ .A. requestsB. excusesC. apologiesD. regrets 解析：句意：Dave，去跟你

21、的妈妈道歉。我想这样做，但是我担心她对我的道歉不满意。A项“请求”；B项“借口”；C项“道歉”；D项“遗憾，后悔”。故选C项。答案：C第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。I was required to read one of Bernie Siegels books in college and was hooked on hispositivity from that moment on. The stories of his unconventional 36 and theexceptiona

22、l patients he wrote about were so 37 to me and had such a big 38on how I saw life from then on. Who knew that so many years later I would look to Dr. Bernie andhis CDs again to 39 my own cancer experience?Im an ambitious 40 , and when I started going through chemo(化疗) , even though Im a very 41 pers

23、on, I lost my drive to write. I was just too tired and not in the42 . One day, while waiting to go in for 43 , I had one of Dr. Bernies books in myhand. Another patient 44 what I was reading and struck up a conversation with me45 he had one of his books with him as well. It 46 that among other thing

24、s, hewas an eighty-year-old writer. He was 47 a published author, and he was currently48 on a new book.We would see each other at various times and 49 friends. Sometimes he wore aduck hat, and I would tell myself, he was definitely a(n) 50 of Dr. Bernie. He really puta 51 on my face. He unfortunatel

25、y 52 last year due to his cancer, 53he left a deep impression on me and gave me the 54 to pick up my pen again. I 55to myself,“If he can do it, then so can I.”36. A. tastesB. ideasC. notesD. memories解析：考查名词。根据首段首句可知，作者读了Bernie Siegel的书，深受书中积极人生观的影响。此处unconventional ideas意思是“非传统的观点”，与上句中“积极的人生观”呼应。A项

26、“口味”；B项“观点”；C项“笔记”；D项“记忆”。故选B项 8 答案：B37.A. amazingB. shockingC. amusingD. strange解析：考查形容词。根据上文中“unconventional(非传统的)”和“unexceptional(例外的)”提示可知，他书中所写的东西对我来说十分惊异。A项“令人惊异的”；B项“令人震惊的”；C项“有趣的”；D项“奇怪的”。故选A项。答案：A38.A. strike B. pushC. challengeD. impact解析：考查名词。have an impact on为固定搭配，意思是“对有影响”。A项“打击”；B项“推，逼

27、迫”；C项“挑战”；D项“影响”。故选D项。答案：D39.A. learn fromB. go overC. get throughD. refer to解析：考查动词短语。根据下文可知，作者不幸身患癌症，病痛的折磨使他放弃了写作。 但病友的执着和Bernie Siegel积极的人生观让自己又重新拾起纸笔，渡过了这段艰难时期。A项“从中获取经验，汲取教训”；B项“复习，仔细检查”；C项“渡过难关”；D项“提到，涉及，参考”。故选C项。答案：C40.A. readerB. writerC. editorD. doctor解析：考查名词。根据下文中“, I lost my drive to wri

28、te”可知，作者是一名抱负的作家。A项“读者”；B项“作家”；C项“编辑”；D项“医生”。故选B项。答案：B 41.A. positiveB. agreeableC. humorousD. honest 9 解析：考查形容词。句意：尽管我是一个积极的人，还是失去了写作的动力。a positive person与lost my drive to write构成让步关系，且与上文positivity呼应。A项“积极的”；B项“称心如意的”；C项“幽默的”；D项“诚实的”。故选A项。答案：A42.A. moodB. positionC. stateD. way解析：考查名词。句意：我就是感觉太累，没

29、有心情去写。in the mood意为“没有心情去做事”。A项“心情”；B项“位置，职位”；C项“状态”；D项“方式”。故选A项。答案：A 43.A. adviceB. referenceC. protectionD. treatment解析：考查名词。句意：一天，当我在等待治疗时，手里拿着Bernie的一本书。A项“建议”；B项“提及，参考”；C项“保护”；D项“治疗”。故选D项。答案：D44.A. viewedB. knewC. noticed D. wondered解析：考查动词。句意：另外一个病人注意到我在读些什么，主动跟我攀谈起来。A项“认为”；B项“知道，了解”；C项“（无意中）注

30、意到”；D项“想知道”。故选C项。答案：C45.A. whileB. becauseC. althoughD. providing解析：考查连词。句意：该空后是他主动和我攀谈的原因：他身上也有一本Bernie的书。A项表示时间或轻微转折；B项表示原因；C项表示让步；D项表示条件。故选B项。答案：B 46.A. came outB. worked outC. proved outD. turned out 10 解析：考查动词短语。除此之外，他是一位八十岁的作家。A项“出现，出版”；B项“锻炼，解决，制定”；C项“证明是合适的，令人满意的”；D项“证明是，结果是”。it turnedout th

31、at是固定搭配，意为“结果是，结果证明”故选D项。答案：D47.A. naturallyB. merelyC. hopefullyD. actually解析：考查副词。句意：事实上，他是一位撰稿人，目前在写一本新书。A项“自然地”；B项“仅仅”；C项“有希望地”；D项“事实上”。故选D项。答案：D 48.A. decidingB. investingC. workingD. relying解析：考查动词搭配。根据句意可知，他目前在写一本新书。A项decide on“决定，确定”；B项invest on“投资，花时间在上”；C项work on“从事，忙于”；D项rely on“依赖，依靠”。故选

32、C项。答案：C49.A. becameB. helped C. missedD. visited解析：考查动词。句意：我们总是在许多时候见到对方，成了朋友。A项“成为”；B项“帮助”；C项“错过”；D项“拜访”。故选A项。答案：A50.A. patientB. operatorC. fanD. publisher解析：考查名词。根据句意可知，他的确是Bernie的粉丝。A项“病人”；B项“操作员，接线员”；C项“粉丝”；D项“出版商”。故选C项。 答案：C51.A. signB. smileC. markD. mask 11 解析：考查名词。根据句意可知，他的举动感染了我，使我在生活中面带微笑

33、。A项“标志，迹象，征兆”；B项“微笑”；C项“标记”；D项“面罩”。故选B项。答案：B52.A. showed upB. set offC. fell downD. passed away解析：考查动词短语。句意：他补充说道Jason因为不愿说谎没挣到钱。A项“出现，露面”；B项“出发，动身”；C项“跌倒”；D项“去世（死的委婉表达）”。故选D项。答案：D53. A. sinceB. butC. soD. for解析：考查连词。句意：他去年不幸死于癌症，但给我留下了深刻的印象。A项表示时间；B项表示转折；C项表示结果；D项表示原因。故选B项。答案：B54.A. guidanceB. trus

34、tC. opportunityD. inspiration解析： 考查名词。句意：他激励我重新拾起纸笔。A项“指导”；B项“信任”；C项“机会”；D项“鼓舞，激励，启发”。故选D项。答案：D55.A. promisedB. sworeC. thoughtD. replied解析：考查名词。句意：我对自己说：“如果他能做到，我也能。”A项“承诺”；B项“郑重发誓”；C项think to oneself“自言自语”；D项“回答”。故选C项。答案：C 第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A 12 56.Ac

35、cording to the Code, visitors should act _ .A. with care and respectB. with relief and pleasureC. with caution and calmnessD. with attention and observation解析：推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了去新西兰旅游中的注意事项，根据关键词“beconsiderate, be careful, take care”等可推知游客的行为应体现出关爱和尊重。故选A项。答案：A57. What are you encouraged to do when

36、travelling in New Zealand?A. Take your own camping facilities.B. Bury glass far away from rivers.C. Follow the track for the sake of plants. 13 D. Observe signs to approach nesting birds.解析：细节理解题。根据小标题“Keep to the track”下内容可知，在新西兰旅游时，为了减少破坏植物的可能，鼓励游客顺着路走。露营设施是提供好的，排除A项；B偷换主体，埋藏的是toilet waste，而非glass

37、；D项偷换概念，observe no smoking signs，而非observe signsto approach nesting birds。故选C项。答案：C BIn the United States alone, over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year.Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personaldigital assistants. The electronic waste s

38、tream is increasing three times faster than traditionalgarbage as a whole. Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver. A Swiss study reportedthat while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small incomparison to total waste, the concentr

39、ation(含量) of gold and other precious metals was higherin So-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals. Even when the machines are recycledand the harmful metals removed, the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries, inpra

40、ctically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into theenvironment.Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material, up to 100 timesmore, than the material contained in the finished products. Consider again the cell-phone, andimagine the mines that

41、produced those metals, the factories needed to make the box an dpackaging(包装) it came in. Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that“theproduction, distribution, and use of productsas well as

42、management of the resulting wasteall result in greenhouse gas release.” Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating lesswaste at the startfor instance, buying reusable products and recycling.In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or hasbeen pu

43、t in place as an incentive(动机) for reducing waste. If producers are required to take backpackaging they use to sell their products, would they reduce the packaging in the first place?Governments incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging theyproduce is usually based on m

44、oney. Why, they ask, should cities or towns be responsible forpaying to deal with the bubble wrap(气泡垫) that encased your television?From the governments point of view, a primary goal of laws requiring extended producerresponsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of wa

45、ste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.58. By mentioning the Swiss study, the author intends to tell us that _ .A. the weight of e-goods is rather smallB. E-waste deserves to be made good use ofC. natural minerals contain more precious metalsD. the percentage of prec

46、ious metals is heavy in e-waste解析：推理判断题。文章第一段告诉我们，每年有大量废弃电子产品被随意丢弃。紧接着第 14 二段首句提出：电子设备中含有有用的金属，如金和银，并用Swiss study佐证这一观点，因此可以推知电子垃圾值得充分利用。故选B项。答案：B59. The responsibility of e-waste treatment should be extended _ .A. from producers to governmentsB. from governments to producersC. from individuals to d

47、istributorsD. from distributors to governments解析：细节理解题。文章第六、七、八三段围绕“生产者责任延伸”展开的，最后一段做了总结，根据“a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer boththe costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government andtax-payers back to the producers.”可知B项

48、正确，是对该句的同义压缩。故选B项。 答案：B60. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The increase in e-waste.B. The creation of e-waste.C. The seriousness of e-waste.D. The management of e-waste.解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章先描述了电子产品被随意丢弃这一现象，接着指出电子垃圾的可用价值和潜在风险，主要是由于对电子产品的管理不善造成的，最后呼吁政府和生产商对此承担一定的责任。故选D项。答案：D C Suppose you beco

49、me a leader in an organization. It s very likely that youll want to havevolunteers to help with the organizations activities. To do so, it should help to understand whypeople undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.Lets begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified severalfactors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personalvalues related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experie