专业英语八级真题2014年(暂缺听力音频)及答案解析.doc
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1、专业英语八级真题2014年(暂缺听力音频)及答案解析 (总分:110.00,做题时间:195分钟)一、PART I LISTENING (总题数:1,分数:10.00)HowtoReduceStress Lifeisfullofthingsthatcauseusstress.Thoughwemaynotlikestress,wehavetolivewithit. I.Definitionofstress A.(1)_reaction i.e.forceexertedbetweentwotouchingbodies B.humanreaction i.e.responseto(2)_onsome
2、one e.g.increaseinbreathing,heartrate,(3)_. II.(4)_ A.positivestress Whereitoccurs:Christmas,wedding,(5)_ B.negativestress Whereitoccurs:test-takingsituations,friend?sdeath III.Waystocopewithstress A.recognitionofstresssignals -monitorfor(6)_ofstress -findwaystoprotectoneself B.attentiontobodydemand
3、 -effectof(7)_ C.planningandactingappropriately -reasonforplanning -(8)_ofplanning D.learningto(9)_ -e.g.delaycausedbytraffic E.pacingactivities -manageabletask -(10)_(分数:10.00)填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_二、SECTION B INTERVI(总题数:1,分数:5.00)(1).WhatisthemainpurposeofAng
4、elinesvisittoIraq? (分数:1.00)A.To look after refugees in Iraq.B.To draw attention to the refugee crisis.C.To work for U.N.H.C.R.D.Toworkoutaplanforrefugees.(2).FromtheinterviewweknowthatAngelina _ . (分数:1.00)A.was strongly opposed to officials?opinionsB.thought young kids should be given priorityC.pr
5、oposed that policies be made promptlyD.was much worried about the lack of action(3).WhichofthefollowingBESTexplainswhattheglobalcommunityshoulddo? (分数:1.00)A.To take prompt and effective actions.B.To supervise the construction of schools.C.To provide water and power supply.D.To prevent instability a
6、nd aggression.(4).AccordingtoAngelina,whatisthekeyissueinsolvingtherefugeeproblem? (分数:1.00)A.The current situation in Iraq.B.The politics in the Middle East.C.Refugees returning to normal life.D.International and domestic efforts.(5).AngelinasacktothesawhertriptoIraqsignificantbecauseshecould _ . (
7、分数:1.00)A.help others know where the problems wereB.help bring NGOs back to the regionC.talk to different people thereD.read the official papers三、SECTION C NEWS BR(总题数:3,分数:6.00)1.Question6isbasedonthefollowingnews.attheendofnewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.what
8、isthemainideaofthenewsitem? (分数:2.00)A.Alitalia?s attempt to help Wind Jet out.B.Cancellation of flights at Rome Airport.C.Problems caused by Wind Jet?s cash shortage.D.Expected changes of Wind.Questions7and8arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofnewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestion.Now
9、listentothenews.(分数:2.00)(1).WhatdidtheresearchersdiscoverinnorthernKenya? (分数:1.00)A.Three species of humans.B.Three human fossils.C.A human skull.D.A human tooth.(2).Whatwasthesignificanceofthediscovery? (分数:1.00)A.The finding were published in Nature.B.More research efforts were encouraged.C.Most
10、 research questions were answered.D.It support an existing assumption.Questions9and10arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofnewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.(分数:2.00)(1).Theairportoriginallydecidedtocoveruptheposterbecause_. (分数:1.00)A.some international travelers
11、 complainerB.the art exhibition was to be postponedC.otherartists?workswereabsentfromadsD.real-lifemodelswouldappearonthescene(2).WhatwasthereactionoftheNationalGalleriesofScotland? (分数:1.00)A.HorrifiedB.IndignantC.SurprisedD.Outraged四、PARTIIREADINGCOMPREH(总题数:4,分数:20.00)TextA MyclassatHarvardBusine
12、ssSchoolhelpsstudentsunderstandwhatgoodmanagementtheoryisandhowitisbuilt.Ineachsession,welookatonecompanythroughthelensesofwhatactionswillyieldtheneededresults.Onthelastdayofclass,IaskmystudenttoturnthosetheoreticallessononthemselvestofindanswerstotwoquestionsFirst,HowcanIbesureIllhappyinmycareer?Se
13、cond,HowcanIbesuremyrelationshipswithmyspouseandmyfamilywillbecomeanenduringsourceofhappiness?Howaresomemanagementtoolsthatcanbeusedtohelpyoulesdapurposefullife. 1USEYOURRESOURCESWISELY.Yourdecisionsaboutallocationyourpersonaltime,energy,andtalentshapeyourlife?sstrategy.Ihaveabunchof“businesses”that
14、competefortheseresources:I?mtryingtohavearewardingrelationshipwithmywife,raisegreatkids,contributetomycommunity,succeedinmycareer,andcontributetomychurch.AndIhaveexactlythesameproblemthatacorporationdoes.Ihavealimitedamountoftime,energy,andtalent.HowmuchdoIdevotetoeachofthosepursuits? Allocationchoi
15、cescanmakeyourlifeturnouttobeverydifferentfromwhatyouintendedsometimesthat?sgood:Opportunitiesthatyouneverplannedforemerge.Butifyoudon?tinvestyourresourceswisely,theoutcomemakecanbebad.AsIthinkaboutpeoplewhoinadvertentlyinvestedinlivesofhollowunhappiness,Ican?thelpbelievingthattheirtroublesrelaterig
16、htbacktoashort-termperspective. Whenpeoplewithahighneedforachievementhaveaanextrahalfhouroftimeoranextraounceofenergy,they?llunconsciouslyallocateittoactivitiesthatyieldthemosttangibleaccomplishment.Ourcareersprovidethemostconcreteevidencethatweremovingforward.Youshipaproduct,finishadesign,completea
17、presentation,closeasale,teachaclass,publishapaper,getpaid,getpromoted.Incontrast,investingtimeandenergyinyourrelationshipwithyourspouseandchildrentypicallydoesn?tofferthatsameimmediatesenseofachievement.Kidsmisbehaveeveryday.It?sreallynotuntil20yearsdowntheroadthatyoucansay,“Iraisedagoodsonorgooddau
18、ghter.”Youcanneglectyourrelationshipwithyourspouse,andonadailybasisitdoesn?tseemasifthingsaredeteriorating.Peoplewhoaredriventoexcelhavethisunconsciouspropensitytounderinvestintheirfamiliesandoverinvestintheircareers,eventhoughintimateandlovingfamilyrelationshiparethemostpowerfulandsourceofhappiness
19、. Ifyoustudytherootcauseofbusinessdisasters,overandoveryou?llfindthispredispositiontowardendeavorsthatofferimmediategratification.Ifyoulookatpersonallivesthroughthatlens,you?llseethesamestunningandsoberingpattern:peopleallocatingfewerandfewerresourcestothethingstheywouldhaveoncesaidmatteredmost. 2CR
20、EATEAFAMILYCULTURE.It?sonethingtoseeintothefoggyfuturewithacuityandchartthecoursecorrectionacompanymusttake.Butit?squiteanothertopersuadeemployeestolineupandworkcooperativelytotakethecompanyinthatnewdirection. Whenthereislittleagreement,youhavetouse“powertools”-coercion,threats,punishment,andsoon,to
21、securecooperation.Butifemployees?waysofworkingtogethersucceedoverandover,consensusbeginstoform.Ultimately,peopledon?teventhinkaboutwhethertheirwayyieldssuccess.Theyembraceprioritiesandfollowproceduresbyinstinctandassumptionratherthanbyexplicitdecision,whichmeansthatthey?vecreatedaculture.Culture,inc
22、ompellingbutunspokenways,dictatestheproven,acceptablemethodsbywhichmembersofagroupaddressrecurrentproblems.Andculturedefinestheprioritygiventodifferenttypesofproblems.Itcanbeapowerfulmanagementtool. Iusethismodeltoaddressthequestion,HowcanIbesuremyfamilybecomesanenduringsourceofhappiness?Mystudentsq
23、uicklyseethatthesimplestwayparentscanelicitcooperationfromchildrenistowieldpowertools.Buttherecomesapointduringtheteenyearswhenpowertoolsnolongerwork.Atthatpoint,parentsstartwishingtheyhadbegunworkingwiththeirchildrenataveryyoungagetobuildacultureinwhichchildreninstinctivelybehaverespectfullytowardo
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