职称英语卫生类A级模拟70及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语卫生类 A 级模拟 70 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge.（分数：1.00）A.hardB.goodC.shortD.long2.Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer.（分数：1.00）A.reportedB.admittedC.hopedD.answered3.My doctor said I should vary my diet more.（分数：1.00

2、）A.prepareB.cookC.changeD.choose4.We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.（分数：1.00）A.investigatedB.offeredC.includedD.accepted5.A number of theories have been proposed to explain the situation.（分数：1.00）A.testedB.suggestedC.usedD.announced6.Things have changed a lot since I was a c

3、hild.（分数：1.00）A.graduallyB.suddenlyC.greatlyD.frequently7.They converted the spare bedroom into an office.（分数：1.00）A.reducedB.turnedC.movedD.reformed8.The book took ten years of thorough research.（分数：1.00）A.basicB.socialC.majorD.careful9.She can be relied on in a crisis.（分数：1.00）A.depended onB.looke

4、d afterC.believed inD.turned on10.The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives.（分数：1.00）A.effortB.problemC.influenceD.concern11.His long-term goal is to set up his own business.（分数：1.00）A.ideaB.energyC.orderD.aim12.His shoes were shined to perfection.（分数：1.00）A.clearedB.washedC.polishe

5、dD.mended13.The love of money is the root of all evil.（分数：1.00）A.resultB.endC.forceD.cause14.The test produced disappointing results.（分数：1.00）A.indirectB.similarC.positiveD.unsatisfactory15.Eventually , she got a job and moved to London.（分数：1.00）A.CertainlyB.FinallyC.LuckilyD.Naturally二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(

6、总题数：1，分数：7.00)They Say Ireland Is the BestIreland is the best place in the world to live in for 2005, according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain“s Economist magazine last week. The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth

7、is not the only measure of human satisfaction and welt-being. The index of 111 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as well as what the magazine calls “freedom, family and community life“. Despite the bad weather, troubled

8、health service, traffic congestion (拥挤), gender inequality and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10. That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8.07. Zimbabwe troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest (最差的), pick

9、ing up only 3.89 points. “Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued,“ the report said. “Some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown (崩溃) in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact.“ “Ireland wins

10、 because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life.“ The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do, and that its findings would have their

11、critics. No.2 on the list is Switzerland. The other nations in the top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain. The UK is positioned at No.29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, whi

12、ch has the second highest per capita GDP (人均国内生产总值) after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower half of the league at 60th.（分数：7.00）(1).For 2,005 years, Ireland has been the best place for humans to live in.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Job security is the

13、 least important measure of life quality.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Cost of living in Ireland is pretty high.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Family life in Zimbabwe is not stable.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Ireland is positioned at No.1 because it combines the

14、most desirable elements of the new with some good elements of the old.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).To measure life quality is easy.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The United States of America is among the top 10 countries.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句

15、子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)The Diet Zone: A Dangerous PlaceDiet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet.We are surrounded by the word “diet“ everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what d

16、iet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically(身体上). Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling th

17、e consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale (秤) instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet“ in food labels. On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Ev

18、ery time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don“t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle. The danger of diet products lies not only in the psyc

19、hological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients (营养成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only becau

20、se the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous. Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying the

21、m. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1. A. Attraction of the diet products B. Carefully b

22、uying the diet products C. Preventing the harm from diet products D. The psychological harm of diet products E. The only benefit from diet products F. The physical harm of diet products（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 2 1.（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 3 1.（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 4 1.（分数：1.00）(5).We have been so attra

23、cted by the diet products that 1. A. they don“t contain any nutrients B. encourage people to buy them C. we ignore what diet products do to us D. gain comes without pain E. life is as easy as losing weights F. seriously consume them（分数：1.00）(6).Diet products make people believe that 1.（分数：1.00）(7).D

24、iet products can physically do harm to us because 1.（分数：1.00）(8).Since we notice the harm of diet products, we should 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Florida Hit by Cold Air MassIn January, 2003, the eastern two-thirds of the United States was at the mercy of a bitterly c

25、old air mass that has endangered Florida“s citrus trees, choked northern harbors with ice and left bewildered residents of North Carolina“s Outer Bands digging out of up to a foot of snow. The ice chill deepened as temperatures fell to the single digits in most of the South, with an unfamiliar dip b

26、elow the freezing mark as far south as parts of interior South Florida. Temperatures in Florida plunged, with West Palm Beach dropping to a record low of 2 degrees. “We couldn“t believe how cold it was,“ said Martin King, who arrived this week in Orlando from England. “We brought shorts, T-shirt, an

27、d I had to go out and buy another coat.“ The temperature plunge posed a threat to Florida“s USD-9.1-billion-a-year citrus crop, more of which is still on the trees. Growers were hurrying to harvest as much of the fruit as possible before it was damaged by cold. “Time is of the essence in getting fru

28、it to the plant,“ said Tom Rogers, a citrus grower who expected to see damage to oranges and grapefruit at that time. In Florida, Governor Jeb Bush signed an emergency order to eliminate the weight limit on trucks so citrus growers could get as much fruit to market as possible. Casey Pace, a spokesw

29、oman for Florida Citrus Mutual, said growers had sprayed trees with sprinklers, which created a layer of ice and helped maintain a temperature near freezing. Citrus trees are considered in danger of damage if the temperature drops below minus 2 degrees Celsius for four hours or more. Snow ranging fr

30、om a dusting to up to 30 centimeters blanketed the Carolinas, Tennessee and parts of Virginia.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following statements is not mentioned in the first paragraph?（分数：3.00）A.The cold air mass was a threat to Florida“s citrus crop.B.The temperature in the United States except the S

31、outh dropped below the freezing mark.C.The northern harbors were blocked with ice.D.The eastern two-thirds of the United States was hit by air mass.(2).According to the second paragraph, in which areas did the temperature fall below zero?（分数：3.00）A.Most of the south.B.Parts of interior south Florida

32、.C.West Palm Beach.D.All of the above.(3).King“s statement that “We brought shorts, T-shirts, and I had to go out and buy another coat“ shows that _.（分数：3.00）A.he was caught by the sudden coldB.he needed formal clothesC.fashion in Florida in temptingD.Florida is hot compared with England(4).Governor

33、 Jeb Bush issued the emergency order because he _.（分数：3.00）A.thought speed limit for truck was unreasonableB.tried to improve the traffic condition of the express waysC.wanted to encourage trucks to transport as much fruit to market as possibleD.wanted to stop trucks from carrying too much fruit to

34、market(5).Which statement is NOT true according to the last paragraph?（分数：3.00）A.Sprinklers were used to protect citrus tress from being damaged.B.Cirtrus trees would be damaged if the temperature drops below minus 2 for four hours.C.The Carolinas, Tennessee and parts of Virginia were covered with s

35、now.D.Florida Citrus Mutual sprayed trees with sprinklers for citrus growers.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Multivitamins Urged for All Pregnant WomenA recent study in Tanzania found that when pregnant women took vitamins every day, fewer babies were born too small. Babies that weigh less than two and one-hal

36、f kilograms at birth have a greater risk of dying. Those that survive are more likely to experience problems with their development. And experts say that as adults they have a higher risk of diseases including heart disease and diabetes. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that every year

37、twenty million babies are born with low birth weight. Nine out of ten of them are born in developing countries. The new study took place in Dares Salaam. 4,200 pregnant women received multivitamins. The pills contained all of the vitamins in the B group along with vitamins C and E. They also contain

38、ed several times more iron and folate than the levels advised for women in developed nations. Pregnant women especially in poor countries may find it difficult to get enough vitamins and minerals from the foods in their diet. The scientists compared the findings with results from a group of 4,000 wo

39、men who did not receive the vitamins. A report by the scientists, from the United States and Tanzania, appeared in the New England Journal of Medicine . Wafaie Fawzi of the Harvard University School of Public Health led the study. None of the women in the study had HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. T

40、he scientists reported earlier that daily multivitamins were a low-cost way to reduce fetal deaths in pregnant women infected with HIV. The earlier work in Tanzania also found improvement in the mothers in their number of blood cells known as lmphocytes. Lymphocytes increase the body“s immunity agai

41、nst infection. The new study in pregnant women who were not infected with the AIDS virus found that multivitamins reduced the risk of low birth weight. Just under eight percent of the babies born to women who took the multivitamins weighed less than 2,500 grams. The rate was almost nine and one-half

42、 percent in the group of women who received a placebo, an inactive pill, instead of the vitamins. But the vitamins did not do much to reduce the rates of babies being born too early or dying while still a fetus. Still, the researchers say multivitamins should be considered for all pregnant women in

43、developing countries.（分数：15.00）(1).How many babies are born with low birth weight in the developed countries every year according to WHO?（分数：3.00）A.20,000,000B.18,000,000C.2,000,000D.38,000,000(2).A pill of multivitamins may contain all of the following substances EXCEPT _.（分数：3.00）A.all vitamins in

44、 the B groupB.vitamins C and EC.much iron and folateD.antiviral substances(3).Which of the following is NOT one of the effects of multivitamins mentioned in the passage?（分数：3.00）A.To reduce the rate of babies born too early.B.To reduce the risk of low birth weight.C.To reduce fetal deaths in pregnan

45、t women infected with HIV.D.To increase the number of lymphocytes in mothers“ blood.(4).What a role do lymphocytes play in the human body?（分数：3.00）A.To reduce the rate of dying while still a fetus.B.To raise the body“s immunity against infection.C.To help prevent the development of heart disease.D.T

46、o help prevent the development of diabetes.(5).How many percent of babies were born with low birth weight to women who were not infected with the AIDS virus and took the multivitamins according to a new study?（分数：3.00）A.Less than 8%.B.About 9.5%.C.1.5%.D.17.5%.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Technology Transfe

47、r in GermanyWhen it comes to translating basic research into industrial success, few nations can match Germany. Since the 1940s, the nation“s vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science. And though German prosperity (繁荣) has faltered (衰退) over the

48、 past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline, it still has an enviable (令人羡慕的) record for turning ideas into profit. Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve i

49、ndustrial problems and create sought-after technologies. But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition. Universities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all over. These efforts are being complemented by the federal programs for pumping money into start-up companies. Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success, but it is not without its critics. These people worry that favoring applied research will mean neglecting basic science, eventually starving industry of flesh ideas. If every scientist starts