上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试分类模拟笔记题(十)及答案解析.doc

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1、上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试分类模拟笔记题(十)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Note-taking and Gap-(总题数：0，分数：0.00)AWhy should mankind explore space? Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is our built-in 1 predisposition to expand into all possible parts of space. Culturally nearly every successful civilization has been

2、willing to 2 . In exploring, 3 of surrounding areas may be learned and prepared for. Exploration also allows 4 to be located. These resources translate into 5 and success at survival. Resources may be more than 6 assets. Knowledge or 7 acquired in exploring or preparing to explore always filter from

3、 the developers to the general 8 . Techniques may be 9 or 10 , allowing the people in a society to better 11 those within or outside the culture. Better understanding may lead to better use of resources or a lessening of outright 12 for the resources. The chance of a large 13 or comet hitting Earth,

4、 though small, will 14 . Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to 15 ourselves might not exist. Our genetic 16 will allow humans to move into unoccupied parts of space and 17 . If one group is eliminated, the 18 as a whole survives. The more a culture expands, the less chance of

5、it becoming 19 . Space allows us to 20 . （分数：50.00）BMany employees complain that they“re being 1 while they work during the 2 . In a new survey of more than 900 major U.S. companies, nearly 3 of them acknowledged using a range of 4 methods to monitor their employees. And up to a quarter of the compa

6、nies that monitor their workforce do it 5 . The number of employees being monitored has 6 in the last five years. There are two reasons for this, first, it“s 7 ; second, monitoring could be done 8 and efficiently. Most employers insist that these are 9 and even necessary business 10 . They have a 11

7、 to know how 12 they provide is being used on the job. Monitoring can also be used to deter 13 , and for the workers“ own 14 . But many attorneys are arguing that employees do not give up their 15 rights when they show up for work. Employees should always be 16 when they“re monitored. Some employees

8、 even emphasize that there should be no monitoring whatsoever in purely 17 areas. Yet, so far there is only one stateConnecticutthat 18 surveillance in areas such as locker rooms or the employee lounge. There“s only one federal 19 , the 1986 Electronic Communications Privacy Act, that 20 employee pr

9、ivacy. （分数：50.00）上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试分类模拟笔记题(十)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Note-taking and Gap-(总题数：0，分数：0.00)AWhy should mankind explore space? Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is our built-in 1 predisposition to expand into all possible parts of space. Culturally nearly every successful civili

10、zation has been willing to 2 . In exploring, 3 of surrounding areas may be learned and prepared for. Exploration also allows 4 to be located. These resources translate into 5 and success at survival. Resources may be more than 6 assets. Knowledge or 7 acquired in exploring or preparing to explore al

11、ways filter from the developers to the general 8 . Techniques may be 9 or 10 , allowing the people in a society to better 11 those within or outside the culture. Better understanding may lead to better use of resources or a lessening of outright 12 for the resources. The chance of a large 13 or come

12、t hitting Earth, though small, will 14 . Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to 15 ourselves might not exist. Our genetic 16 will allow humans to move into unoccupied parts of space and 17 . If one group is eliminated, the 18 as a whole survives. The more a culture expands, the

13、 less chance of it becoming 19 . Space allows us to 20 . （分数：50.00）解析：genetic 听力原文 Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring, investigating and researching something with so few benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions an

14、d people on Earth, or in our own country? Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup. What drove our distant ancestors to move from the trees onto the plains? Was it the lack of skills to compete in one ecological niche? If so, the adaptations selected for after the move have resulted in a s

15、pecies expanding into all possible areas and environments, the drive to spread genetic material and ensure the success of not just the species, but of one type of genetic material. The wider the distribution of a species, the better the chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space

16、 is the built-in genetic predisposition to expand into all possible niches. Culturally nearly every successful civilization has been willing to explore. In exploring, dangers of surrounding areas may be learned and prepared for. Dangers may be political enemies in neighboring cultures, physical feat

17、ures of the area, a change in the area which might affect food supplies or any other number of factors. All pose a real danger and all may be made less dangerous if certain preparations are made. Without knowledge, the danger may strike and completely destroy. With knowledge, the effects or conseque

18、nces may be lessened. Exploration also allows resources to be located. Resources translate into power and success at survival. Whether the success be financial, political or genetic, additional resources are always a boon when used wisely. In any of the three manners, use of resources allows a heigh

19、tened percentage for survival. If the resources are not immediately needed, then perhaps later they will be used. Resources may be more than physical assets. Knowledge or techniques acquired in exploring or preparing to explore always filter from the developers to the general populace. Techniques ma

20、y be medical applications, uses for drugs or ways of living to increase the quantity of time lived or the quality of that time. Techniques may be social, allowing the people in a society to better understand those within or outside the culture. Better understanding may lead to better use of resource

21、s or a lessening of outright competition for the resources. While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows the creative, the brave, the intelligent of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations o

22、f how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The chance of a large asteroid or comet hitting Earth is small. But given time, it will happen. Several current models of evolution propose many changes in a very short time period. Some explanations for the drastic speed of extin

23、ction and evolution include strikes by asteroids or comets. Human technology is reaching the point where it might be able to detect such a threat and allow us to do something about it. The danger exists, but knowledge can allow us as a species to survive. Without the ability to reach out across spac

24、e, the chance to save ourselves might not exist. While Earth is the only planet known to sustain life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow other planets and moons to become inhabited. True, the life style would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and sure

25、ly could in the future. Our genetic makeup will allow humans to move into unoccupied niches and flourish. The culture group holding the high ground has attained a great advantage over other groups. It can see farther, act sooner and be safer from attack. In space all of these things are true. The cu

26、lture which expands is like an organism which adapts. It may be found everywhere. If one group is eliminated, the species as a whole survives. The old adage, “Do not put all your eggs in one basket,“ holds true for humans and cultures. The more a culture expands, the less chance of it becoming extin

27、ct. Space allows us to expand and succeed.解析：explore解析：dangers解析：resources解析：power解析：physical解析：techniques解析：populace解析：medical解析：social解析：understand解析：competition解析：asteroid解析：happen解析：save解析：makeup解析：flourish解析：species解析：extinct解析：expandBMany employees complain that they“re being 1 while they work

28、 during the 2 . In a new survey of more than 900 major U.S. companies, nearly 3 of them acknowledged using a range of 4 methods to monitor their employees. And up to a quarter of the companies that monitor their workforce do it 5 . The number of employees being monitored has 6 in the last five years

29、. There are two reasons for this, first, it“s 7 ; second, monitoring could be done 8 and efficiently. Most employers insist that these are 9 and even necessary business 10 . They have a 11 to know how 12 they provide is being used on the job. Monitoring can also be used to deter 13 , and for the wor

30、kers“ own 14 . But many attorneys are arguing that employees do not give up their 15 rights when they show up for work. Employees should always be 16 when they“re monitored. Some employees even emphasize that there should be no monitoring whatsoever in purely 17 areas. Yet, so far there is only one

31、stateConnecticutthat 18 surveillance in areas such as locker rooms or the employee lounge. There“s only one federal 19 , the 1986 Electronic Communications Privacy Act, that 20 employee privacy. （分数：50.00）解析：watched 听力原文 Many employees complain that they“re being watched while they work during the d

32、ay. The majority of U.S. companies keep watch on their workers with video cameras, tape recorders, computer surveillance. If you send personal e-mail on your office computer, there“s a good chance the boss is keeping an eye on you. In a new survey of more than 900 major U.S. companies, nearly two-th

33、irds of them acknowledged using a range of surveillance methods to monitor their employees. Some employers issue that warning, but others do not. In the most worrisome finding of the survey, up to a quarter of the companies that monitor their workforce do it secretly. And the practice is on the rise

34、. According to the ACLU“s Workplace Rights Project, the number of employees being monitored has doubled in the last five years. What“s driving this increase? Partly, it“s competition. If everyone else in an industry is keeping tabs on their workers, there“s pressure to join in. But, to a large exten

35、t, companies have stepped up monitoring simply because it could be done cheaply and efficiently. Most employers insist that these are legitimate and even necessary business practices. According to these employers, even as surveillance becomes more widespread, there“s nothing sinister about the pract

36、ice itself. They claim that these practices we“re talking about for the most part are very legitimate forms of performance monitoring. They say employers have a right to know how equipment they provide is being used on the job, if rules are being obeyed, if employees are getting the job done. That h

37、elps explain why banks routinely tape customer service calls, and why the U.S. Postal Service is testing a satellite system to track how long it takes to get the mail delivered. The National Association of Manufacturers says companies are using technology to accomplish other important goals. Video c

38、ameras were recently installed in his building to deter theft. And the Association keeps a log of all phone calls so employees can pay the company for their personal calls. According to the Association, monitoring can be used for the workers“ own protection. If an employee is sending pornography fro

39、m an employer“s computer, obviously the employer would be expected to go through there. If somebody complains about sexual harassment, that somebody“s sending out racial slurs over the e-mail, the employer has a right to take action. In fact, the Chevron Corporation was sued by female employees who said they were sexually harassed through company e-mail.解析：day解析：two-thirds解析：surveillance解析：secretly解析：doubled解析：competition解析：cheaply解析：legitimate解析：practices解析：right解析：equipment解析：theft解析：protection解析：privacy解析：informed解析：private解析：forbids解析：statute解析：safeguards