翻译三级笔译实务-卫生保健(Health+and+Fitness)及答案解析.doc

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1、翻译三级笔译实务-卫生保健(Health+and+Fitness)及答案解析(总分：527.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BI/B(总题数：10，分数：227.00)1.There is still a lot of debate about whether acupuncture can help cure heart ailments and germcaused diseases.（分数：2.00）_2.It is wise to have an annual physical examination after age 50; earlier if there are risk fa

2、ctors such as polyps or a family history of the disease.（分数：25.00）_3.For a person with inflammation from osteoarthritis, if they eat 35 cherries a day, that is going to give them the pain relief that they would get from getting a dose of aspirin.（分数：25.00）_4.In large hospitals and research centers,

3、modem methods of therapy seem to focus on the physical disease without considering the patients mental state.（分数：25.00）_5.In addition to its important role in regulating body temperature, water is important to the body for digestion, absorption of nutrients and in removing wastes.（分数：25.00）_6.The mo

4、st common prescription insomnia medicine is a sedating antidepressant called trazodone, even though theres no good evidence that it offers more than a two-week benefit, and it comes with side effects.（分数：25.00）_7.Given that all countries other than the U.S. have universal health care systems in plac

5、e, this may invite questions on why the U.S. remains the only wealthy, industrialized country without such a system.（分数：25.00）_8.Getting enough sleepeven just two hours moremay be as important as a healthy dietand exercise for new mothers to return to their pre-pregnancy weight.（分数：25.00）_9.The U.S.

6、 model, widely criticized on its combination of private insurance and publicly-funded programs, spends more on health care than any other nation worldwide but ranks low on overall quality of care, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).（分数：25.00）_10.While issues about patient confidentiali

7、ty and physician payment have yet to be resolved, the possibility of diagnosing and curing diseases via the Internet is tantalizing.（分数：25.00）_二、B/B(总题数：10，分数：250.00)11.一项最新的调查表明，埃及妇女在经济平等方面与本国男性差距最大。（分数：25.00）_12.由于药粉不易被儿童吞服，因此专为儿童设计的药物通常是药水。（分数：25.00）_13.心理学研究表明，有钱人对总体生活质量的满意度通常比穷人要高。（分数：25.00）_14

8、.如果你 60 岁时就觉得自己已经老了，那你的一举一动就真的会像老人一样。（分数：25.00）_15.除非是做特别剧烈的瑜伽运动，否则你实际消耗的能量不足以减肥。（分数：25.00）_16.星期三是人们一周内情绪最低落的一天，因为此时上个周末已经远去，新的周末还未到来。（分数：25.00）_17.自 1978 年中国实行儿童计划免疫以来，中国儿童的健康发展水平和营养状况不断提高。（分数：25.00）_18.人们一直将儿童肥胖和过激行为的日益增多归咎为看电视太多，但是，关于看电视对儿童学习的影响到底有多大，目前还没有定论。（分数：25.00）_19.知己知彼，百战不殆。（分数：25.00）_20

9、.年纪较大的人经常会出现身体脱水的现象，其中部分原因在于其自身对于口渴的感觉可能已经变得十分迟钝了。但是，老年人也很容易处于体内含水量超标的状态，因为他们的肾功能已经退化。（分数：25.00）_三、B/B(总题数：1，分数：25.00)21.BThe On-going Debate over Healthcare Reform/B IThe public debate over healthcare reform which the Nassau Guardian alone stirred up several weeks ago is at a curious point./I It se

10、ems that the governments so-called Blue Ribbon Commission has already decided what plan it will propose without undertaking any public consultation and is now merely engaged in a PR campaign to convince us they have the answer. This seems a little head over heels to us. Since it is our money and our

11、 health that is in question, shouldnt we have been consulted at the break about which way we want to go? There are several models to achieve healthcare reform, and not all of them require us to hand more money over to keep government bureaucrats in big offices. Purely private healthcare may have big

12、 problemsbut so does the socialised medicine the commission is recommending. For example, Canadas universal system of socialised medicine is now busily engaged in transferring costs from the public to the private sector by reducing covered expenses, by deinsuring some expenses and so on. Medical aut

13、horities are on record as saying that in an effort to manage costs, hospital stays are being shortened (or even dispensed with altogether). So while we in the Bahamas are citing universal free health care as the answer to our problems, in Canada there is an uncoordinated scramble by the public syste

14、m to reduce and offioad the effects of rising health care costs. And we wont even mention the litany of complaints from users who have to wait for poor service. But what mostly concerns us about the Blue Ribbon Commission is that they have plumped for social health insurance without determining the

15、cost of their recommended programme, or of the alternatives. And they do not seem to have taken into account the impact this plan will have on the fiscal deficit or on our individual pockets. Apparently, the position is that whatever the cost, this is the plan that will be presented to parliament. A

16、n initiative so far-reaching and so potentially damaging to our economy, should require more careful assessment of the alternatives in public. There is always more than one way to skin a cat. And we do not believe that a small group of consultants constitutes the public（分数：25.00）_四、B/B(总题数：1，分数：25.0

17、0)22.B人人享有基本医疗卫生服务/B 2008 年，中国民众期待已久的新医改将要启动了。在 1 月 7日召开的全国卫生工作会议上，卫生部部长陈竺表示，2008 年的主要任务是选择部分地区，围绕改革重点内容开展试点，为在全国范围深化改革探索经验，以实现人人享有基本医疗卫生服务的目标，保证广大群众病有所医。 现阶段国家卫生部的核心工作是建设和完善覆盖城乡居民的公共卫生服务体系、医疗服务体系、医疗保障体系和药品供应保障体系，为城镇和农村居民提供安全、有效、方便、价廉的医疗卫生服务。 副部长高强在会上提出，要走中国特色社会主义卫生发展道路，盲目引进西方发达国家的卫生发展模式就会发生失误。国务院副总

18、理吴仪还强调，卫生是公益性事业，不能照搬经济领域的经验和做法。 基本医疗卫生制度必须坚持为人民服务的方向，坚持公共医疗卫生的公益性质，切断药品销售与医疗机构的经济利益关系，加大政府责任，增加政府投入。关于政府的财政补助，陈竺强调补“供方”，即财政补助公立医疗机构。他强调政府要加大对公共卫生、农村卫生、城市社区卫生的财政投入。 卫生部部长陈竺指出，“到 2020 年实现人人享有基本医疗卫生服务”是卫生工作的重大战略目标。他说，“人人享有”的本质含义是“公平享有”，任何公民，无论年龄、性别、职业、地域、支付能力等，都享有同等权利。人人享有基本医疗卫生服务的一个重要着眼点是促进公平。因此，必须采取切

19、实措施逐步缩小当前在医疗卫生方面存在的地区之间、不同群体之间和城乡之间的差异。（分数：25.00）_翻译三级笔译实务-卫生保健(Health+and+Fitness)答案解析(总分：527.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BI/B(总题数：10，分数：227.00)1.There is still a lot of debate about whether acupuncture can help cure heart ailments and germcaused diseases.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：针灸是否有助于治疗心脏病及由病菌感染引起的疾病还存在着许多争议。2.I

20、t is wise to have an annual physical examination after age 50; earlier if there are risk factors such as polyps or a family history of the disease.（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：比较明智的做法是在 50 岁之后每年进行一次体检。如果有诸如结肠息肉或家族病史之类的危险因素，这种检查则应提前进行。3.For a person with inflammation from osteoarthritis, if they eat 35 cherr

21、ies a day, that is going to give them the pain relief that they would get from getting a dose of aspirin.（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：对于骨关节炎患者来说，如果每天吃 35 粒樱桃，疼痛将会减轻，其效力相当于一剂阿斯匹林。4.In large hospitals and research centers, modem methods of therapy seem to focus on the physical disease without considering the

22、patients mental state.（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：大医院和研究中心所采用的现代疗法似乎只注重医治病人身体上的疾病，而忽视了病人的精神状态。5.In addition to its important role in regulating body temperature, water is important to the body for digestion, absorption of nutrients and in removing wastes.（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：除了调节体温，水对人体内营养物质的消化、吸收以及排泄都起着很重

23、要的作用。6.The most common prescription insomnia medicine is a sedating antidepressant called trazodone, even though theres no good evidence that it offers more than a two-week benefit, and it comes with side effects.（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：三唑酮是一种镇静性抗抑郁药物，虽然现在还没有充分的证据表明除副作用外，其功效可以持续两周以上，但它依然是治疗失眠最常用的处方药。7.

24、Given that all countries other than the U.S. have universal health care systems in place, this may invite questions on why the U.S. remains the only wealthy, industrialized country without such a system.（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：除美国以外的所有国家都拥有全民医疗保健体制，人们不禁要问：富有的工业化国家中为什么唯独美国没有这样的医疗体制?8.Getting enough slee

25、peven just two hours moremay be as important as a healthy dietand exercise for new mothers to return to their pre-pregnancy weight.（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：女性在产后保持充足的睡眠有助于恢复孕前体重，这与健康饮食和锻炼身体同等重要，哪怕每天多睡两个小时也是好的。9.The U.S. model, widely criticized on its combination of private insurance and publicly-funded

26、 programs, spends more on health care than any other nation worldwide but ranks low on overall quality of care, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：据世界卫生组织称，广受批评的美国医疗体制，因将私人保险与公共资助项目混在一起，医疗支出高于任何其他国家，但整体保障质量却不佳。10.While issues about patient confidentiality and physi

27、cian payment have yet to be resolved, the possibility of diagnosing and curing diseases via the Internet is tantalizing.（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：虽然有关病人隐私和医生酬劳等问题还有待解决，但是通过因特网来诊断及治疗疾病的可能性还是十分诱人的。二、B/B(总题数：10，分数：250.00)11.一项最新的调查表明，埃及妇女在经济平等方面与本国男性差距最大。（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：A new survey has found that wome

28、n in Egypt are the furthest behind men in terms of economic equality.12.由于药粉不易被儿童吞服，因此专为儿童设计的药物通常是药水。（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：Medicine designed for children is usually liquid-based because powder is hard for children to swallow.13.心理学研究表明，有钱人对总体生活质量的满意度通常比穷人要高。（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：Psychology has shown t

29、hat richer people are more satisfied than the overall quality of their lives than poorer people.14.如果你 60 岁时就觉得自己已经老了，那你的一举一动就真的会像老人一样。（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：If you start to think of yourself as old when you are 60, you will behave old.15.除非是做特别剧烈的瑜伽运动，否则你实际消耗的能量不足以减肥。（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：Except for v

30、ery strenuous yoga practices, you dont really burn enough energy to make any difference in terms of weight.16.星期三是人们一周内情绪最低落的一天，因为此时上个周末已经远去，新的周末还未到来。（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：Wednesday represents the lowest point in the week as people are furthest away from the weekend that has either just gone or is co

31、ming up.17.自 1978 年中国实行儿童计划免疫以来，中国儿童的健康发展水平和营养状况不断提高。（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：Since the implementation of planned immunization for children in 1978, the development level and nourishment situation of Chinese children have kept improving.18.人们一直将儿童肥胖和过激行为的日益增多归咎为看电视太多，但是，关于看电视对儿童学习的影响到底有多大，目前还没有定论。（分数：25

32、.00）_正确答案：()解析：Excessive television viewing has been blamed for increasing rates of childhood obesity and for aggressive behavior, while its impact on schooling has been inconclusive.19.知己知彼，百战不殆。（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：You can fight a hundred battles without defeat if you know the enemy as well as you

33、rself.20.年纪较大的人经常会出现身体脱水的现象，其中部分原因在于其自身对于口渴的感觉可能已经变得十分迟钝了。但是，老年人也很容易处于体内含水量超标的状态，因为他们的肾功能已经退化。（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：Older people are often dehydrated, partly because their sensation of thirst may be blunted. On the other hand, the elderly can easily become overly hydrated, because their kidneys tend

34、to work less efficiently.三、B/B(总题数：1，分数：25.00)21.BThe On-going Debate over Healthcare Reform/B IThe public debate over healthcare reform which the Nassau Guardian alone stirred up several weeks ago is at a curious point./I It seems that the governments so-called Blue Ribbon Commission has already de

35、cided what plan it will propose without undertaking any public consultation and is now merely engaged in a PR campaign to convince us they have the answer. This seems a little head over heels to us. Since it is our money and our health that is in question, shouldnt we have been consulted at the brea

36、k about which way we want to go? There are several models to achieve healthcare reform, and not all of them require us to hand more money over to keep government bureaucrats in big offices. Purely private healthcare may have big problemsbut so does the socialised medicine the commission is recommend

37、ing. For example, Canadas universal system of socialised medicine is now busily engaged in transferring costs from the public to the private sector by reducing covered expenses, by deinsuring some expenses and so on. Medical authorities are on record as saying that in an effort to manage costs, hospital stays are being shortened (or ev