大学生英语竞赛B类英语专业-翻译(一)及答案解析.doc

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1、大学生英语竞赛 B 类英语专业-翻译(一)及答案解析(总分：98.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、翻译题(总题数：26，分数：98.00)Top UK Universities Warn of Damage from Budget Cuts The heads of 20 of the UKS most prestigious universities have warned that government plans to cut funding will lead to a higher education “meltdown“.In an article for the Guardian

2、, the Russell Group said the gold standard education they now offer would be reduced to one of bronze or worse. (1) Universities are facing cuts of more than 900m over the next three years, and fear worse is still to come. The government said funding for frontline teaching was protected.（分数：10.00）_中

3、国 2010 年上海世博会吉祥物的名字叫“海宝(Haibao)”，意即“四海之宝”。 (1) “海宝”的名字朗朗上口，与其身体的色彩相应，符号中国民俗的吉祥称谓原则。世博会和奥运会、世界杯等超大型活动一样，都十分重视吉祥物对于演绎主题、传承文化的重要作用。 (2) 历届世会吉祥物(mascot)不仅是世会形象品牌的重要载体，而且体现了世会举办国家、承办城市独特的文化魅力。中国 2010 年上海世博会吉祥物在设计理念上努力实现以下功能：（分数：10.00）_Divided We StandMarriage is big lately; actually its unmarriage that s

4、eems to be capturing our attention. From the award-winning American Beauty to the Bruce Willis-Mishelle Pfeiffer movie, The Story of Us, the institution of marriage is being turned inside out, and its not a pretty sight. To judge by these films, modern marriage involves a lot of broken crockery and

5、busted expectations. (1) While many current Hollywood depictions of marriage may be overly pessimistic, statistics in America are alarming: each year half as many Americans get divorced as marry.Marriage counselors say couples often choose to separate as a last-ditch effort to change their relations

6、hip, and possibly themselves. But a separation can give couples time to calm down, renegotiate the rules of the relationship and gain some needed distance.For a separation to work, it needs to be well defined. “Structured Separations“ tend to be the most productive. Couples facing separation do best

7、 if they establish some basic ground rules first. (2) They should mutually agree on the length of the separation-three to six months is average and both must continue to work on their own problems during that time, either with or without a counselor.Couples should agree not to see lawyers during the

8、ir separation. Lawyers have a way of moving marriage toward divorce. (3) During their period of trial separation couples should not pursue each other at all, either to fight or to reconcile, but should agree in advance on what kind of contact they will have. Separated couples can agree to speak on t

9、he phone for a prearranged period, for in stance, or meet once a week. (4) Some therapists advise their clients to agree not to talk to each other about their relationship during these encounters and to use the time apart to reflect on their own lives and see what they can change about themselves. I

10、f there are children involved, both parties need to agree on all the ground rules having to do with kids. Parents should also be aware that repeated separations and reconciliations are difficult and confusing for children.A separation, while painful, can help keep the anger down and give a couple ti

11、me to think. (5) If both are unsure about the future of the marriage, it can provide a timeout, during which they can see what life would be like without the other. Sometimes it leads to divorce. But if couples are able to clarify things, it will improve their marriage-or, make their divorce better.

12、（分数：10.00）_1.目前世界上还存在着种族歧视、政治冲突和国家间的领土纠纷。(there be)（分数：2.00）_2.环境变化导致全人类灭亡不太可能，但若维系现有的文明却非常困难。(extinguish)（分数：2.00）_3.许多人没有认识到时间的重要性，这很令人遗感。(realize)（分数：2.00）_4.我们倾向于认为进化发生在其他的物种中，但这也正发生在人类身上。(think ofas)（分数：2.00）_5.为了使更多的年轻人能够接受高等教育，许多大学扩大了招生人数。(enlarge)（分数：2.00）_6.如今，许多城市居民喜欢到海滨从事水上运动。(head for)（分

13、数：2.00）_7.环境变化导致全人类灭亡不太可能，但若维系现有的文明却非常困难。(extinguish)（分数：2.00）_8.到本世纪末，具有人类智力并且能够进行自我复制的机器人将面世。(capable of)（分数：2.00）_9.我们倾向于认为进化发生在其他的物种中，但这也正发生在人类身上。(think ofas)（分数：2.00）_10.由于水的阻力要远大于空气，游泳者要用四倍于奔跑者的力气完成相同的距离。(resistant, as much as)（分数：2.00）_11.专家表示，随着海归人数的大幅增加，他们的就业优势已经不再明显。(sharply)（分数：2.00）_12.全

14、球排名前 15 位的大学不是在美国就是在英国。(eitheror)（分数：2.00）_13.如果我们将所有的躺椅都清理掉，那就不会有人在看电视的时候睡觉了。(eliminate)（分数：2.00）_14.发誓要找到真相，于是那位记者又开始为读者们挖掘新证据。(pledge)（分数：2.00）_15.越来越多的农民相信乡村生活远胜于城市生活。(surpass)（分数：2.00）_16.他们摆好会议的坐椅，每排十把椅子。(in rows of)（分数：2.00）_17.工厂由于未能遵守政府的安全条例而被关闭了。(comply with)（分数：2.00）_18.考试题保密以防作弊。(keep se

15、cret)（分数：2.00）_19.历史再次证明：中国和其他国家需要更多的文化交流。(once again)（分数：2.00）_20.科学家不应当把想象力让诗人独占了。(exclusive use of)（分数：2.00）_Branding Yourself Online“Were in an age when corporate businesses dont care for you as an individual anymore-youre just an employee numberProfessor David James“.London, England (CNN) (76)

16、The concept of personal branding has been around for more than a decade, but the Internet and social networking have made it easier than ever to sell the brand “you“.(77) The basic idea of personal branding is to promote yourself as having certain values, skills or expertiseyour brandso that if some

17、one needs that expertise, theyll come to you first.(78) While many people are still uncomfortable with the idea of marketing themselves as acommodity, others see it as part of the changing world of work.Professor David James is director of the school of Growth, Innovation and Enterprise at Henley sc

18、hool of Business, in England. He told CNN, “ (79) Were living in an age when corporate businesses dont care about you as an individual any moreyoure just an employee number. They will outsource you, insource you, relocate you, and delocate you in whatever way they think suitable. Therefore you have

19、to look after number one, and personal branding is really important.“So how do you go about creating your personal brand? James says the first step is to be clear about your strengths and your core values. Your brand identity needs to be a clear message of who you are and what you have to offer.(80)

20、 Next, give yourself a short and long-term plan of where you want to be, what job you want to have, and how you want people to perceive you. Think about the people who can help get you where you want to bethey aye your target audience. In the same way that a conventional brand markets itself to a ce

21、rtain demographic, you need to advertise your brand to your target audience.（分数：10.00）_There Is No Job more Important than ParentingBy Benjamin CarsonMy belief began when I was just a kid. I dreamed of becoming a doctor.（分数：10.00）_Mighty FlightyA fly can do one thing extremely well: fly. (86) Recent

22、ly a team of British scientists declared that the common housefly is the most talented aerodynamicist on the planet, superior to any bird, bat, or bee. A housefly can make six turns a second; hover; fly straight up, down, or backward; do somersaults; land on the ceiling; and perform various other sh

23、ow-off maneuvers. And it has a brain smaller than a sesame seed.Michael Dickinson, who studies fly flight in his lab at Caltech, says the housefly isnt actually the best flier. “Hoverflies are the be-all and end-all,“ he says. (87) They can hover in one spot, hurtle through the air to another locati

24、on, and then race back to their original hovering point pre cisely.Scientists, engineers, and military researchers want to know how creatures with such small brains can do that. Maybe they could reverse-engineer a fly to make a robotic device that could reconnoiter dangerous places, such as earthqua

25、ke zones or collapsed mines.Dickinsons laboratory works with fruit flies. Researchers put them in chambers and manipulate the visual field, filming the flies in super-slow motion, 6,000 frames a second. Dickinson is interested in knowing how flies avoid collisions. He has found that certain patterns

26、, such as 90-degree turns, are triggered by visual cues and two equilibrium organs on their backs that function like a gyroscope.Flies have only a dozen muscles for maneuvering, but theyre loaded with sensors. In addition to their compound eyes, which permit panoramic imagery and are excellent at de

27、tecting motion, they have wind-sensitive hairs and antennae. They also have three light sensors, called ocelli, onthe tops of their heads, which tell them which way is up. Roughly two-thirds of a flys entire nervous system is devoted to processing visual images. They take all this sensory data and b

28、oil it down to a few basic commands, such as “go left“ and “go right.“(88) Imagine if you didnt utter an opinion until you had read hundreds of books, magazines newspaper articles, and blogs, and then issued a statement based on a few basic notions. Thats how a fly approaches flying. Only the fly is

29、 a speed reader. The information processing takes a fraction of a second. Researcher Rafal Zbikowski of Cranfield University in Shrivenham, England, calls this mode of operation a “sensor-rich feedback control paradigm.“(89) Given that flies have evolved for hundreds of millions of years (and that t

30、hey were the first animals to take to the air), we shouldnt be surprised that theyre such good fliers. “They just dont have brains like ours. Studying flies,“ says Dickinson, “is like traveling to another planet./（分数：8.00）_大学生英语竞赛 B 类英语专业-翻译(一)答案解析(总分：98.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、翻译题(总题数：26，分数：98.00)Top UK Un

31、iversities Warn of Damage from Budget Cuts The heads of 20 of the UKS most prestigious universities have warned that government plans to cut funding will lead to a higher education “meltdown“.In an article for the Guardian, the Russell Group said the gold standard education they now offer would be r

32、educed to one of bronze or worse. (1) Universities are facing cuts of more than 900m over the next three years, and fear worse is still to come. The government said funding for frontline teaching was protected.（分数：10.00）_正确答案：(大学正在面临三年内经费削减 9 亿英镑的严峻形势，还担心更糟糕的情况发生。)解析：解析 该句的谓语包含两个并列的成分，fear 为第二个谓语成分。

33、本句中 worse 为口语化的表达，指的是 the worse condition。_正确答案：(创建一流的教育体系费时 800 多年，而搞垮它只需 6 个月。)解析：解析 本句须注意代词 it 作形式主语、动词不定式作真正主语的用法。it look lik 可视为插入语。_正确答案：(该文指出，报告显示哪怕按照最低标准削减资金都将有 30 所大学无法维持其现有规模。)解析：解析 翻译本句须注意宾语从句。if 条件从句中的副词 even 有加强语气的意味，翻译时需传达出来。_正确答案：(尼古拉萨科齐刚刚宣布为法国高等教育斥资 110 亿欧元，声称他要办“世界一流的大学”。)解析：解析 现在分词-ing 形式在本句中作伴随状语，翻译时注意作断句处理。_正确答案：(文章号召部长们考虑撤销削减教育资金的提案并保证以后不会继续削减教育资金。)解析：解析 本句须注意由表示并列关系 and 连接的两个介词 for。that 引导同位语从句。中国 2010 年上海世博会吉祥物的名字叫“海宝(Haibao)”，意即“四海之宝”。 (1) “海宝”的名字朗朗上口，与其身体的色彩相应，符号中国民俗的吉祥称谓原则。世博会和奥运会、世界杯等超大型活动一样，都十分