【考研类试卷】考研英语知识运用分类精讲科学技术类-(四)及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语知识运用分类精讲科学技术类-(四)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：2，分数：100.00)Google already has a window into our souls through our Internet searches and it now has insight into our ailing bodies too. The Internet giant is using its vast database of individual search terms to (1) the emergen

2、ce of flu up to two weeks (2) government epidemiologists. Google Flu Trends uses the (3) of people to seek online help for their health problems. By tracking (4) for terms such as “cough“, “fever“ and “aches and pains“, it claims to be able to (5) estimate where flu is (6) .Google tested the idea in

3、 nine regions of the US and found it could accurately predict flu (7) between 7 and 14 days earlier than the federal centres for disease control and prevention. Google hopes the idea could also be used to help (8) other diseases. Flu Trends is limited (9) the US. Jeremy Ginsberg and Matt Mohebb. Two

4、 software engineers (10) in the project, said that (11) in Google search queries can be very (12) . In a blog post on the project they wrote: “It turns (13) that traditional flu surveillance systems take 1 to 2 weeks to collect and (14) surveillance data but Google search queries can be (15) counted

5、 very quickly. By making our estimates (16) each day, Flu Trends may provide an early-warning system for outbreaks of influenza.“ They explained that (17) information health would be kept (18) . “Flu Trends can never be used to identify individual users (19) we rely on anonymised, aggregated counts

6、of how of ten certain search queries (20) each week./（分数：50.00）(1).A. predict B. suppose C. propose D. present（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. with B. after C. before D. during（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. tendency B. adaptability C. adoptability D. direction（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. symptoms B. diseases C. targets

7、D. searches（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. reluctantly B. accurately C. deceptively D. suitably（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. calculating B. circling C. circulating D. cycling（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. outbreaks B. outputs C. outtakes D. outcomes（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. trade B. trend C. treat D. track（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D

8、.(9).A. on B. to C. of D. for（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. included B. involved C. revolved D. inclined（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. signals B. functions C. formularies D. pattems（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. informative B. knowledgeable C. familiar D. attractive（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. off B. up C. out D. on（分数：2

9、.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. relieve B. release C. dismiss D. discover（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. immediately B. artificially C. consistently D. automatically（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. available B. valuable C. practicable D. acceptable（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. promise B. primary C. premise D. private（分数：2.50）A.B.C

10、.D.(18).A. essential B. confidential C. substantial D. potential（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. even B. when C. because D. although（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. occur B. incur C. rescue D. recur（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.The idea that music makes you smarter has received considerable attention from scholars and the media

11、. Current interest in (1) between music and intelligence stems from two independent areas of research. One focuses on short-term effects of (2) listening to music. The other is on a seperate (3) of research, which examines whether music lessons have (4) benefits that extend to non-musical areas of c

12、ognition. Such (5) could be unique to children who take music lessons for long periods of time (6) their experiences differ substantially from those of other children. Music lessons (7) long periods of focused attention, memorization of (8) musical passages, learning about a variety of musical struc

13、tures, and (9) mastery of technical skills and the conventions (10) the expression of emotions in performance. This (11) of experiences could have a positive impact on cognition, particularly during the childhood years, when brain devolopment is highly (12) and sensitive to environmental influence.P

14、revious findings are (13) with the hypothesis that music lessons promote intellectual development. For example, natural musical gifts is associated with literacy. (14) , correlational and experimental studies (15) that music lessons have positive relations with verbal memory, reading ability, select

15、ive attention, and mathematics achievement. (16) , the simplest explanation of these (17) relations is that they come from a common component, such as general intelligence. Put simply, children (18) high IQs are more likely than other children to take music lessons. To conclude that music lessons ha

16、ve a casual relation with IQ that is (19) to music, one must rule (20) potentially confusing factors such as socioeconomic status, and education, and demonstrate that non-musical, extracurricular activities do not have comparable effects on IQ.（分数：50.00）(1).A. intergration B. conversion C. conjuncti

17、ons D. associations（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. plain B. general C. complete D. simple（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. route B. line C. ring D. phase（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. incidental B. occational C. proven D. limited（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. joint B. bond C. twist D. transfer（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. whenever B. be

18、cause C. whereas D. before（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. comprise B. contain C. entail D. enclose（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. excessive B. exclusive C. expanded D. extended（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. consecutive B. progressive C. intensive D. successive（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. directing B. conducting C. commanding

19、D. governing（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. acquisition B. repetition C. introduction D. combination（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. plastic B. dependent C. complex D. touchy（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. coherent B. compliant C. consistent D. compatible（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. Therefore B. Indeed C. Notwithstanding D.

20、Besides（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. inspect B. suppose C. reveal D. discover（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. Moreover B. Nonetheless C. Meanwhile D. Instead（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. diffuse B. fragmentary C. universal D. comprehensive（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. at B. in C. above D. with（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. spec

21、ific B. close C. intrinsic D. prone（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. against B. out C. on D. over（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.考研英语知识运用分类精讲科学技术类-(四)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：2，分数：100.00)Google already has a window into our souls through our Internet searches and it now has insight into our ailing

22、 bodies too. The Internet giant is using its vast database of individual search terms to (1) the emergence of flu up to two weeks (2) government epidemiologists. Google Flu Trends uses the (3) of people to seek online help for their health problems. By tracking (4) for terms such as “cough“, “fever“

23、 and “aches and pains“, it claims to be able to (5) estimate where flu is (6) .Google tested the idea in nine regions of the US and found it could accurately predict flu (7) between 7 and 14 days earlier than the federal centres for disease control and prevention. Google hopes the idea could also be

24、 used to help (8) other diseases. Flu Trends is limited (9) the US. Jeremy Ginsberg and Matt Mohebb. Two software engineers (10) in the project, said that (11) in Google search queries can be very (12) . In a blog post on the project they wrote: “It turns (13) that traditional flu surveillance syste

25、ms take 1 to 2 weeks to collect and (14) surveillance data but Google search queries can be (15) counted very quickly. By making our estimates (16) each day, Flu Trends may provide an early-warning system for outbreaks of influenza.“ They explained that (17) information health would be kept (18) . “

26、Flu Trends can never be used to identify individual users (19) we rely on anonymised, aggregated counts of how of ten certain search queries (20) each week./（分数：50.00）(1).A. predict B. suppose C. propose D. present（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查动词辨析。空格所在句的意思是：这个互联网巨人正在利用其搜集到的无数个人数据赶在政府流行病学家之前两个星期来_流感的出现。

27、predict 意为“预测”，符合题意：其他三项suppose意为“假设”，propose 意为“提议”，present 意为“提出，呈现”，所以 Apredict 正确。(2).A. with B. after C. before D. during（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 考查逻辑关系。根据文章第二段第一句中 it could accurately predict flu _ between 7 and 14 days earlier than the federal centres for disease control and prevention可知，研究者发现

28、它可以准确地预测流感的发生，比疾病控制预防中心发布的流感信息还要早 714 天，此处根据同义词复现原则，earlier 对应 before，因此 Cbefore 正确。(3).A. tendency B. adaptability C. adoptability D. direction（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查名词辨析。空格所在句的意思是：Google 流感趋势项目就是利用了人们在网上对他们的健康问题寻求帮助的_来预测流感。Atendency 意为“趋势”，符合题意，为正确答案。其他三项 adaptability意为“适应性”，adoptability 意为“采纳性

29、”，direction 意为“方向”，均不符合题意。(4).A. symptoms B. diseases C. targets D. searches（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查名词辨析。Google 是搜索引擎，它就是通过跟踪像咳嗽、发烧或疼痛这样的信息搜索关键词来预测流感的。search 意为“搜索”，故符合题意，为正确答案。symptom 意为“症状”，disease意为“疾病”，target 意为“目标”，故其他三项均不符合题意。(5).A. reluctantly B. accurately C. deceptively D. suitably（分数：2.5

30、0）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查副词辨析。根据文章第二段第一句中 Google tested the idea in nine regions of the US and found it could accurately predict flu.可知，Google 可以准确地预测流感，又根据原词复现原则，Baccurately 意为“正确地，精确地”，符合题意，为正确答案。其他三项 reluctantly意为“不情愿地”，deceptively 意为“迷惑地”，suitably 意为“合适地”，均不符合题意。(6).A. calculating B. circling C. circu

31、lating D. cycling（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 考查动词辨析。空格所在句的意思是：它表明已经能够准确地估算流感在哪里_。Ccirculate 意为“传播”，此处表示流感病毒的流通传播，符合题意，为正确答案。其他三项 calculate意为“计算”，circle 意为“环绕”，cycle 意为“循环”，均不符合题意。(7).A. outbreaks B. outputs C. outtakes D. outcomes（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查名词辨析。outbreak 意为“爆发”，output 意为“产量，输出”，outtake 意为

32、“通气管”，outcome 意为“结果，成果”，此处表达“流感的爆发”，故选 Aoutbreaks。(8).A. trade B. trend C. treat D. track（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查名词辨析。trade 意为“交易，经商”，trend 意为“倾向”，treat 意为“对待，治疗”，track 意为“跟踪”。此处要表达：Google 希望这一发现同样能帮助预测_别的流行病，故选Dtrack。(9).A. on B. to C. of D. for（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查固定搭配。be limited to 是固定用法，意

33、为“局限于”。此处要表达：流感预测目前也只是限于美国，故选 Bto。(10).A. included B. involved C. revolved D. inclined（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查动词辨析。include 意为“包括，包含”，involve 意为“潜心于；参与”，revolve意为“旋转”，incline 意为“使倾向于”。此处要表达“潜心于/参与这个项目的两位软件科学家”，故 Binvoled 正确。(11).A. signals B. functions C. formularies D. pattems（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：

34、解析 考查名词辨析。空格所在句的意思是：参与这一项目的两名软件工程师 Jeremy Ginsber和 Matt Mohebb说“Google 搜索显示的数据分布_非常_”。Dpatterns 意为“模式”，符合题意，为正确答案。其他三项 signals意为“信号”，functions 意为“功能，作用”，formularies 意为“公式”，均不符合题意。(12).A. informative B. knowledgeable C. familiar D. attractive（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查形容词辨析。Google 搜索显示的数据分布模式比官方发布的流感信

35、息要早，所以它是很有价值的，提供了重要情报。Ainformative 意为“提供信息的”，符合题意，为正确答案。其他三项 knowledgeable意为“知识渊博的”，用来修饰人；familiar 意为“熟悉的”；attractive 意为“吸引人的”，均不符合题意。(13).A. off B. up C. out D. on（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 考查短语辨析。turn off 意为“关掉”，turn up 意为“出现”，turn out 意为“结果是”，turn on 意为“打开”。根据语境可知，空格处要表达的意思为“结果是”。因此答案为 Cout。(14).A.

36、relieve B. release C. dismiss D. discover（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查动词辨析。空格所在句的意思是：结果是传统的流感监测系统要用一到两个星期来收集和_监测数据。Brelease 意为“发布，发表”，符合题意，为正确答案。其他三项 relieve意为“减轻，解除”，dismiss 意为“解散，开除”，discover 意为“发现”，均不符合题意。(15).A. immediately B. artificially C. consistently D. automatically（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查副

37、词辨析。空格所在句的意思是：而 Google搜索查询统计却是在很短的时间内完成的。Dautomatically 意为“自动地，机械地”，符合题意，为正确答案。其他三项 immediately意为“立刻地”，artificially 意为“人工地”，consistently 意为“始终如一地”，均不符合题意。(16).A. available B. valuable C. practicable D. acceptable（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查形容词辨析。Aavailable 意为“可用的”，符合题意，为正确答案。valuable 意为“有价值的”，practica

38、ble 意为“行得通的”，acceptable 意为“可接受的”。此处要表达“通过我们每天的评估”，也就是说评估信息可用，B、C、D 项均不合题意。(17).A. promise B. primary C. premise D. private（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查词义辨析。Dprivate 意为“私人的”，private information 意为“私人信息”，符合题意，为正确答案。其他三项 promise意为“允许，许诺”，primary 意为“主要的”，premise 意为“前提，假定”，都不能与 information搭配。(18).A. essenti

39、al B. confidential C. substantial D. potential（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查形容词辨析。空格所在句的意思是：他们还解释说，私人的健康信息会被_。Bconfidential 意为“秘密的，机密的”，keep confidential 意为“保守秘密”，符合题意，为正确答案。其他三项 essential意为“实质的，本质的”，substantial 意为“坚固的，实质的”，potential意为“潜在的”，均不符合题意。(19).A. even B. when C. because D. although（分数：2.50）A.B.

40、C. D.解析：解析 考查逻辑关系。空格所在句的意思是：流感趋势项目绝不用来透漏个人使用者的身份，_我们依靠匿名汇总的计数方法来知道一定的查询内容在每个星期发生的频率。两句前后为因果关系，故选 Cbecause。(20).A. occur B. incur C. rescue D. recur（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查动词辨析。根据句意“我们依靠匿名汇总的计数方法来知道一定的查询内容在每个星期发生的频率”可知 Aoccur 意为“发生，出现”，符合题意，为正确答案。incur 意为“招致”，rescue意为“营救，拯救”，recur 意为“复发，重现”，均不符合题意。

41、The idea that music makes you smarter has received considerable attention from scholars and the media. Current interest in (1) between music and intelligence stems from two independent areas of research. One focuses on short-term effects of (2) listening to music. The other is on a seperate (3) of r

42、esearch, which examines whether music lessons have (4) benefits that extend to non-musical areas of cognition. Such (5) could be unique to children who take music lessons for long periods of time (6) their experiences differ substantially from those of other children. Music lessons (7) long periods

43、of focused attention, memorization of (8) musical passages, learning about a variety of musical structures, and (9) mastery of technical skills and the conventions (10) the expression of emotions in performance. This (11) of experiences could have a positive impact on cognition, particularly during

44、the childhood years, when brain devolopment is highly (12) and sensitive to environmental influence.Previous findings are (13) with the hypothesis that music lessons promote intellectual development. For example, natural musical gifts is associated with literacy. (14) , correlational and experimenta

45、l studies (15) that music lessons have positive relations with verbal memory, reading ability, selective attention, and mathematics achievement. (16) , the simplest explanation of these (17) relations is that they come from a common component, such as general intelligence. Put simply, children (18)

46、high IQs are more likely than other children to take music lessons. To conclude that music lessons have a casual relation with IQ that is (19) to music, one must rule (20) potentially confusing factors such as socioeconomic status, and education, and demonstrate that non-musical, extracurricular act

47、ivities do not have comparable effects on IQ.（分数：50.00）(1).A. intergration B. conversion C. conjunctions D. associations（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查名词辨析。空格处所在句意为：现在人们对音乐和智力之间_的兴趣来自两个研究领域。本段首句指出：音乐可以使人变得更聪明这一观点受到了学者的关注。由此推知，空格处谈论的应该是音乐与智力之间的关系。Dassociations“联系，关系”符合文意，为正确答案。intergration“结合，综合”，conversi

48、on“转化，转换”，conjunction“连词，联合，同时发生”，均不符合题意。(2).A. plain B. general C. complete D. simple（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查上下文语义。空格处所在句子和下一句分别介绍了两类研究：一类研究侧重于听音乐产生的短期效果：另一类侧重于音乐课程对人们在非音乐领域认知的影响。由此推知，空格处强调的是“听音乐”本身带来的影响。Dsimple“纯粹的，完全的”，代入文中，表示“纯粹听音乐带来的短期作用”，符合语境，为最佳答案。plain“平凡的，平庸的”，general“普遍的，一般的”，complete“完全

49、的，彻底的”，均不符合题意。(3).A. route B. line C. ring D. phase（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查名词辨析。空格处意在表达“侧重于不同的研究_”，line 意为“线路，领域，边界”，代入文中，表示“不同的研究领域”，符合文意。route 意为“途径，渠道”，一般与介词 to搭配；ring 意为“指环，环形物”，不符合句意；phase 意为“阶段”，一般用来指同一事物的不同阶段，而文中的两个研究是相对独立的，故排除。故正确答案为 Bline。(4).A. incidental B. occational C. proven D. limited（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查形容词辨析。空格处所在句意为：另一个则侧重于不同的研究领域，研究音乐课程能否使人们在非音乐领域的认知也获得_益处。incidential 可以表示“附带发生的”，代入文中表示“附带的益处”，符合文意。limi