【考研类试卷】考研英语知识运用分类精讲商业经济类-(三)及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语知识运用分类精讲商业经济类-(三)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：2，分数：100.00)Managers must become proficient cross-cultural communicators if they wish to succeed in todays global environment. Culture consists of the values, attitudes, and (1) in a given group of most of the people most of th

2、e time. (2) communication is communication in a management (3) to achieve a (4) result (writing a memo, interviewing an applicant, running a meeting, preparing a presentation). If you are working in a different culture, you may have to reconsider your communication (5) and evaluate its (6) .A realis

3、tic (7) in one culture may not be so in another. One way to (8) what might be realistic is to analyze (9) psychologists call the “locus of control.“ People in some cultures (10) believe in “ (11) control“ over destinythat is, that people can control events themselves. People in other cultures believ

4、e in “external control“ over destinythat is, events are (12) and uncontrollable. What (13) an appropriate time frame in one culture may not be achievable in another. It all depends on the cultures (14) of time. In some cultures, timetables are exact and (15) . Examples of such cultures include Germa

5、ny and Switzerland. Other cultures have more relative and (16) attitudes toward time; one may be kept waiting; projects may (17) more slowly. Examples here are Latin and African countries. An (18) in Cameroon tells of a meeting scheduled for 9:00 a.m. in Yaounde. People began to arrive at 1:00 p.m.

6、(19) , however, when the last person (20) at 2:00 p.m., the other Cameroonians admonished him for being later.（分数：50.00）(1).A. performance B. achievement C. behavior D. progress（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Managerial B. Manageable C. Measurable D. Measuring（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. context B. contest C. co

7、ntrast D. contract（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. deserved B. desired C. derived D. distinguished（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. relative B. representative C. subjective D. objective（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. visibility B. viability C. variability D. validity（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. soul B. goal C. glory D. game（分数：2.5

8、0）A.B.C.D.(8).A. work at B. get at C. look at D. jump at（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. how B. why C. when D. what（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. tend to B. intend to C. extend to D. contend to（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. individual B. inward C. internal D. inner（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. unprecedented B. unexpected C.

9、preoccupied D. predetermined（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. concerns B. constructs C. constitutes D. consists（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. concept B. conclusion C. context D. contribution（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. present B. precise C. precious D. perilous（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. relaxed B. reduced C. related D.

10、released（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. melt B. multiply C. move D. mount（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. executor B. executive C. officer D. official（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. Surprisingly B. Surprisedly C. Accordingly D. Similarly（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. showed off B. showed up C. showed around D. showed through（分

11、数：2.50）A.B.C.D.The term e-commerce refers to all commercial transactions conducted over the Internet, including transactions by consumers and business-to-business transactions. Conceptually, e-commerce does not (1) from well-known commercial offerings such as banking by phone, “mail order“ catalogs,

12、 or sending a purchase order to supplier (2) fax. E-commerce follows the same model (3) in other business transactions; the difference (4) in the details.To a consumer, the most visible form of e-commerce consists (5) online ordering. A customer begins with a catalog of possible items, (6) an item,

13、arranges a form of payment, and (7) an order. Instead of a physical catalog, e-commerce arranges for catalogs to be (8) on the Internet. Instead of sending an order on paper or by telephone, e-commerce arranges for orders to be sent (9) a computer network. Finally, instead of sending a paper represe

14、ntation of payment such as a check, e-commerce (10) one to send payment information electronically.In the decade (11) 1993, e-commerce grew from an (12) novelty to a mainstream business influence. In 1993, few (13) had a web page, and (14) a handful allowed one to order products or services online.

15、Ten years (15) , both large and small businesses had web pages, and most (16) users with the opportunity to place an order. (17) , many banks added online access, (18) online banking and bill paying became (19) . More importantly, the value of goods and services (20) over the Internet grew dramatica

16、lly after 1997.（分数：50.00）(1).A. distract B. descend C. differ D. derive（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. with B. via C. from D. off（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. appeared B. used C. resorted D. served（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. situates B. lies C. roots D. locates（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. on B. of C. for D. to（分数：2.50）A.B

17、.C.D.(6).A. reflects B. detects C. protects D. selects（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. sends in B. puts out C. stands for D. carries away（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. visible B. responsible C. feasible D. sensible（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. beside B. over C. beyond D. up（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. appeals B. admits C. ad

18、vocates D. allows（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. after B. behind C. until D. toward（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. optional B. invalid C. occasional D. insignificant（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. communities B. corps C. corporations D. compounds（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. largely B. slightly C. solely D. only（分数：2.50）A.B.

19、C.D.(15).A. lately B. later C. late D. latter（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. offered B. convinced C. equipped D. provided（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. Instead B. Nevertheless C. However D. Besides（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. and B. or C. but D. though（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. different B. flexible C. widespread D. p

20、roductive（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. acquired B. adapted C. practiced D. proceeded（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.考研英语知识运用分类精讲商业经济类-(三)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：2，分数：100.00)Managers must become proficient cross-cultural communicators if they wish to succeed in todays global environment. Cultu

21、re consists of the values, attitudes, and (1) in a given group of most of the people most of the time. (2) communication is communication in a management (3) to achieve a (4) result (writing a memo, interviewing an applicant, running a meeting, preparing a presentation). If you are working in a diff

22、erent culture, you may have to reconsider your communication (5) and evaluate its (6) .A realistic (7) in one culture may not be so in another. One way to (8) what might be realistic is to analyze (9) psychologists call the “locus of control.“ People in some cultures (10) believe in “ (11) control“

23、over destinythat is, that people can control events themselves. People in other cultures believe in “external control“ over destinythat is, events are (12) and uncontrollable. What (13) an appropriate time frame in one culture may not be achievable in another. It all depends on the cultures (14) of

24、time. In some cultures, timetables are exact and (15) . Examples of such cultures include Germany and Switzerland. Other cultures have more relative and (16) attitudes toward time; one may be kept waiting; projects may (17) more slowly. Examples here are Latin and African countries. An (18) in Camer

25、oon tells of a meeting scheduled for 9:00 a.m. in Yaounde. People began to arrive at 1:00 p.m. (19) , however, when the last person (20) at 2:00 p.m., the other Cameroonians admonished him for being later.（分数：50.00）(1).A. performance B. achievement C. behavior D. progress（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 考查名词

26、辨析。performance“性能，表现”，achievement“成就，成绩”，behavior“行为，举止，表现”，progress“进步，进展”。这句话里 values，attitudes 和待选项属于并列关系，三者共同构成文化，需要在四个选项中选择一个与价值观、态度对应，很明显，behavior“行为”是最佳答案，因此选 Cbehavior。(2).A. Managerial B. Manageable C. Measurable D. Measuring（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查形容词辨析。Managerial“管理方面的，经营上的”，Manageable“

27、可管理的，易处理的”，Measurable“可测量的，重要的”，Measuring“测量用的”。从这句话的结构(_ communication is communication.)可以看出，整句话是对一种 communication的定义，那么，只要看句子后半部分的提示就能猜测出正确选项。后半句中针对这一空格的关键词是 management，这是一种与管理有关的交流，于是直接排除 C、D 项，再考虑 A、B 项与 communication的搭配，最后选择AManagerial。(3).A. context B. contest C. contrast D. contract（分数：2.50）

28、A. B. C. D. 解析：(4).A. deserved B. desired C. derived D. distinguished（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查形容词辨析。deserved“该受的，应得的，理所当然的”，desired“渴望的，想得到的”，derived“派生的，导出的”，distinguished“卓越的，杰出的”。能与 result搭配的是deserved和 desired，这句话中，to achieve.这个不定式表目的，强调的是一种愿望、目的，所以选B项。(5).A. relative B. representative C. subjec

29、tive D. objective（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查形容词辨析。relative“亲戚”，representative“代表”，subjective“主观的”，objective“目的，目标”。答案显然是 Dobjective，这句话的意思是：如果你在不同的文化中工作。你可能需要重新考虑交流的目标。(6).A. visibility B. viability C. variability D. validity（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查名词辨析。visibility“可见性，明显性，可见度”，viability“可能性”，variab

30、ility“可变性”，validity“正当，正确(性)，效力”。首先排除 A项和 C项，这两个都不能和communication搭配，另外，交流没有正确与否，于是排除 validity，剩下 B项是正确答案。(7).A. soul B. goal C. glory D. game（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查名词辨析。soul“灵魂，心灵”，goal“目的，目标”，glory“荣誉，光荣”，game“比赛，游戏”。短文第一段最后一句话提到人们在不同的文化中工作要重新考虑交流的目的并估计其可能性，第二段就此展开讨论，第一句话承上启下，这句话中的 realistic和上句

31、viability相对，空格里要选择与上句 objective相对应的单词，所以选 Bgoal。(8).A. work at B. get at C. look at D. jump at（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查短语辨析。work at“从事于，致力于”，get at“触及，抓住，接近，着手处理”，look at“看，看待”，jump at“跃向，急切地接受，欣然应承”。这句话中的 what might be realistic相当于上一句中的 a realistic goal，get at 是最合适的搭配，因此选 Bget at。(9).A. how B. why

32、 C. when D. what（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查语法结构。analyze 是及物动词，因此可以判断 analyze后面是一个宾语从句，四个选项中只有 what能够引导宾语从句，所以答案是 Dwhat。(10).A. tend to B. intend to C. extend to D. contend to（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查短语辨析。tend to“往往会，倾向于”，intend to“打算，计划”，extend to“延伸到”，contend to 不是固定搭配，contend“争夺，竞争”。这句话说有的文化的人们相信人

33、类自己能控制事情的结果，这应该是一种普遍现象、一种倾向性，所以选 Atend to。(11).A. individual B. inward C. internal D. inner（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 考查形容词辨析。individual“个人的，个别的”，inward“内部的，体内的，内心的，向里边的”，internal“内在的，本性的，主观的，个人的”，inner“内部的，内心的，精神的，心灵的”。如果只看词义，似乎比较难选择，但我们只要看看下一句话，问题就迎刃而解了。这两句话说的是不同文化的人们不同的信仰，无论从句子结构，还是用词，这两句话都对得很工整，因此我

34、们靠对应关系就能确定答案，和 external相反的是 internal，因此选择 Cinternal。(12).A. unprecedented B. unexpected C. preoccupied D. predetermined（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查形容词辨析。unprecedented“无前例的，绝无仅有的”，unexpected“意外的，突如其来的”，preoccupied“全神贯注的，入神的”，predetermined“预先决定的，预先确定的”。需要填的内容和后面的 uncontrollable应该是并列的，从这个角度考虑，D 项是最佳选项，意思

35、是人们相信事情是预先决定的，人们无法控制。(13).A. concerns B. constructs C. constitutes D. consists（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 考查动词辨析。concern“涉及，有关于”，construct“建造，构筑”，constitute“组成，构成，形成”，consist“组成，构成”，后面要加 of，所以这里只能选 constitute，答案是Cconstitutes。这句话的意思是：在一种文化中构成适宜的时间范围在另一种文化中可能无法实现。(14).A. concept B. conclusion C. context D

36、. contribution（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查名词辨析。concept“概念，观念，思想”，conclusion“结束，结论”，context“背景，环境”，contribution“捐献，贡献”。conclusion 和 contribution明显不符合题意，而 concept和 context这两个词中能与后面的 of time搭配的只有 concept，因此答案是 Aconcept。这句话的意思是：这完全取决于文化当中的时间观念。(15).A. present B. precise C. precious D. perilous（分数：2.50）A.B

37、. C.D.解析：解析 考查形容词辨析。present“现在的”，precise“精确的，确切的”，precious“宝贵的，贵重的”，perilous“(充满)危险的，濒临毁灭的”。因为要填的答案与前面的 exact用 and相连，两者是并列的，所以这里选择 exact“精确的，准确的”的近义词 precise，答案是 Bprecise。(16).A. relaxed B. reduced C. related D. released（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查形容词辨析。relaxed“从容的，宽松的”，reduced“减少的，缩短的”，related“有关的，相关

38、的”，released 是“释放的”。四个选项中能和 attitudes搭配的有 relaxed和related，接着再联系上下文，上文提到在有的文化里面时间表是很精确的，而这句话写的是其他文化里不同的时间概念，应该是和上文所说的精确的时间表相对的，relaxed 正好与上文的 exact，和 precise相对，所以选 Arelaxed。(17).A. melt B. multiply C. move D. mount（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 考查动词辨析。melt“融化，溶解”，multiply“增加，繁殖，增殖”，move“(工作等)进展，发展，移动”，mount“

39、增加，增长，上升”。四个选项中能和 projects搭配的是 move，因此答案是 Cmove。这句话的意思是：项目可能进展更加缓慢。(18).A. executor B. executive C. officer D. official（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查名词辨析。executor“执行者，实施者”，executive“管理人员，经理”，officer“军官，官员，公务员”，official“官员，行政人员，高级职员”。这篇文章是讲跨文化交际在商业中的运用，因此选择 executive，答案是 Bexecutive。(19).A. Surprisingly B

40、. Surprisedly C. Accordingly D. Similarly（分数：2.50）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 考查副词辨析。Surprisingly“使人惊奇地，出人意外地”，Surprisedly“惊奇地，诧异地”，Accordingly“相应地，因此，于是”，Similarly“相似地，相仿地”。前面那句话说：人们在下午一点开始到场。这句话的大概意思是最后一个人下午两点到的时候，其他人责怪他迟到了。自己迟到了，还怪别人迟到，这种做法有点出人意料，因此选 Surprisingly，答案是 ASurprisingly。(20).A. showed off B. showed

41、 up C. showed around D. showed through（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查短语辨析。show off 是“展览，陈列，炫耀，卖弄”，show up“来到，出席，露面”，show，around“带领参观(某地)”，show through“暴露，显露”。根据句子意思选择 show up，和前半句的 arrive是同一个意思，因此答案是 Bshowed up。The term e-commerce refers to all commercial transactions conducted over the Internet, includi

42、ng transactions by consumers and business-to-business transactions. Conceptually, e-commerce does not (1) from well-known commercial offerings such as banking by phone, “mail order“ catalogs, or sending a purchase order to supplier (2) fax. E-commerce follows the same model (3) in other business tra

43、nsactions; the difference (4) in the details.To a consumer, the most visible form of e-commerce consists (5) online ordering. A customer begins with a catalog of possible items, (6) an item, arranges a form of payment, and (7) an order. Instead of a physical catalog, e-commerce arranges for catalogs

44、 to be (8) on the Internet. Instead of sending an order on paper or by telephone, e-commerce arranges for orders to be sent (9) a computer network. Finally, instead of sending a paper representation of payment such as a check, e-commerce (10) one to send payment information electronically.In the dec

45、ade (11) 1993, e-commerce grew from an (12) novelty to a mainstream business influence. In 1993, few (13) had a web page, and (14) a handful allowed one to order products or services online. Ten years (15) , both large and small businesses had web pages, and most (16) users with the opportunity to p

46、lace an order. (17) , many banks added online access, (18) online banking and bill paying became (19) . More importantly, the value of goods and services (20) over the Internet grew dramatically after 1997.（分数：50.00）(1).A. distract B. descend C. differ D. derive（分数：2.50）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 考查动词辨析。文中提到的电话

47、银行、传真等是对 commercial offerings的举例说明，这些例子显然与电子商务概念中提到的 all commercial.over the Internet相符，由此可知，二者在概念上没区别，故答案为 Cdiffer“有区别”。distract“转移”，descend“下来，下降”，derive“起源”，均不符合题意。(2).A. with B. via C. from D. off（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查介词辨析。fax 的意思为“传真”，通过传真传递文件通常使用介词 by或者 via，故本题选 Bvia。其他选项均不符合题意。(3).A. appe

48、ared B. used C. resorted D. served（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查动词辨析。此句意为“电子商务沿用与其他商业交易_的一样的模式”，根据句意可知，只有 used“使用”符合句意，故本题选 B项。appear 意为“出现”，resort 意为“诉诸，求助”，serve 意为“服务”，均不符合题意。(4).A. situates B. lies C. roots D. locates（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查动词辨析。lie in 为固定搭配，意为“在于”，代入句中，意为“电子商务沿用其他商业交易活动使用的模式，两者的区

49、别在于细节方面”，符合语境，故答案为 Blies。其他选项均不符合题意。(5).A. on B. of C. for D. to（分数：2.50）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 考查介词辨析。consist of 为固定搭配，意思是“由组成，包括”，代入句中，意为“对于消费者来说，最常见的电子商务形式包括网上订购”，符合语境，故本题选 Bof。consist 还可与 in搭配，表示“在于，存在”。(6).A. reflects B. detects C. protects D. selects（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 考查动词辨析。此处讲述的是消费者网上购物的流程：_商品确定付款形式下订单，只有 Dselects“选择”符合句意，故选 D项。reflect 意为“反射，反映”，detect 意为“察觉，侦查”；protect 意为“保护”，均不符合题意。(7).A. sends in B. puts out C. stands for D. carries away（分数：2.50）A. B.C