【考研类试卷】考研英语-944及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语-944 及答案解析(总分：96.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot (1) its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law (2) justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, just

2、ices acted in ways that (3) the courts reputation for being independent and impartial.Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the courts decisions will be (4) as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices a

3、re not (5) by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself (6) to the code of conduct that (7) to the rest of the federal judiciary.This and other similar cases (8) the question of whether there is still a (9) between the court and politics.The framers of the Constitution envision

4、ed law (10) having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions (11) they would be fiee to (12) those in power and have no need to (13) political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely (14) .Constitutional

5、law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social (15) like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it (16) is inescapably politicalwhich is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily (17) as unjust.The justices must

6、 (18) doubts about the courts legitimacy by making themselves (19) to the code of conduct. That would make their rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, (20) , convincing as law.（分数：10.00）(1).A. emphasize B. maintain C. modify D. recognize（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. when B. lest C.

7、 before D. unless（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. restored B. weakened C. established D. eliminated（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. challenged B. compromised C. suspected D. accepted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. advanced B. caught C. bound D. founded（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. resistant B. subject C. immune D. prone（分数：0.50）A.

8、B.C.D.(7).A. resorts B. sticks C. leads D. applies（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. evade B. raise C. deny D. settle（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. line B. barrier C. similarity D. conflict（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. by B. as C. through D. towards（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. so B. since C. provided D. though（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D

9、.(12).A. serve B. satisfy C. upset D. replace（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. confirm B. express C. cultivate D. offer（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. guarded B. followed C. studied D. tied（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. concepts B. theories C. divisions D. conventions（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. excludes B. questions C. shap

10、es D. controls（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. dismissed B. released C. ranked D. distorted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. suppress B. exploit C. address D. ignore（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. accessible B. amiable C. agreeable D. accountable（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. by all means B. at all costs C. in a word D. as a res

11、ult（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)On a weekday night this January, thousands of flag-waving youths packed Olaya Street, Riyadhs main shopping strip, to cheer a memorable Saudi victory in the GCC Cup football final. One car, rock mus

12、ic blaring from its stereo, squealed to a stop, blocking an intersection. The passengers leapt out, clambered on to the roof and danced wildly in front of the honking crowd. Having paralyzed the traffic across half the city, they sped off before the police could catch them.Such public occasion was o

13、nce unthinkable in the rigid conformist kingdom, but now young people there and in other Gulf states are increasingly willing to challenge authority. That does not make them rebels: respect for elders, for religious duty and for maintaining family bonds remain pre-eminent values, and premarital sex

14、is generally out of the question. Yet demography is beginning to put pressure on ultra-conservative norms.After all, 60% of the Gulfs native population is under the age of 25. With many more of its citizens in school than in the workforce, the region faces at least a generation of rocketing demand f

15、or employment. In every single GCC country the native workforce will double by 2020. In Saudi Arabia it will grow from 3.3m now to over 8m. The task of managing this surge would be daunting enough for any society, but is particularly forbidding in this region, for several reasons.The first is that t

16、he Gulf suffers from a lopsided labor structure. This goes back to the 1970s, when ballooning oil incomes allowed governments to import millions of foreign workers and to dispense cozy jobs to the locals. The result is a two-tier workforce, with outsiders working mostly in the private sector and nat

17、ives monopolizing the state bureaucracy. Private firms are as productive as any. But within the government, claims one study, workers are worth only a quarter of what they get paid.Similarly, in the education sector, 30 years spent keeping pace with soaring student numbers has taken a heavy toll on

18、standards. The Saudi school system, for instance, today has to cope with 5m students, eight times more than in 1970. And many Gulf countries adapted their curricula from Egyptian models that are now thoroughly discredited. They continue to favor rote learning of “facts“ intended to instill patriotis

19、m or religious values.Even worse, the system as a whole discourages intellectual curiosity. It channels students into acquiring prestige degrees rather than gaining marketable skills. Of the 120,000 graduates that Saudi universities produced between 1995 and 1999, only 10,000 had studied technical s

20、ubjects such as architecture or engineering. They accounted for only 2% of the total number of Saudis entering the job market.（分数：10.00）(1).The wild behavior of young people depicted in the first paragraph is intended toA. to spotlight their social problems.B. to introduce the change of Saudi youths

21、.C. to criticize their conformist image.D. to appreciate rebels against social values.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The basic problem of people pressure facing the Saudi authority lies inA. expanding workforce.B. exploding population.C. practical intelligence.D. intellectual curiosity.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Th

22、e word “lopsided“ (Paragraph 4) most probably meansA. Detrimental.B. Unappealing.C. Harmonious.D. Unbalanced.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the author, the Saudi education system is characterized by its excessive emphasis onA. technical creativity.B. intellectual cognition.C. conservative values.

23、D. nonconformist images.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is the section following this text most likely to deal with?A. The lower proportion of local youths in the workforce.B. More restrictions placed on the private firms in Saudi.C. Another reason for the difficulty in managing people pressure.D. The com

24、mitment to motivating youth participation in the task.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)What would happen to the U. S. economy if all its commercial banks suddenly closed their doors? Throughout most of American history, the answer would have been a disaster of epic proportions, akin to the D

25、epression wrought by the chain-reaction bank failures in the early 1930s. But in 1993 the startling answer is that a shutdown by banks might be far from cataclysmic.Consider this: though the economic recovery is now 27 months old, not a single net new dollar has been lent to business by banks in all

26、 that time. Last week the Federal Reserve reported that the amount of loans the nations largest banks have made to businesses fell an additional $ 2. 4 billion in the week ending June 9, to $ 274. 8 billion. Fearful that the scarcity of bank credit might sabotage the fragile economy, the White House

27、 and federal agencies are working feverishly to encourage banks to open their lending windows. In the past two weeks, government regulators have introduced steps to make it easier for banks to lend.Is the governments concern fully justified? Who really needs banks these days? Hardly anyone, it turns

28、 out. While banks once dominated business lending, today nearly 80% of all such loans come from nonbank lenders like life insurers, brokerage firms and finance companies. Banks used to be the only source of money in town. Now businesses and individuals can write checks on their insurance companies,

29、get a loan from a pension fund, and deposit paychecks in a money-market account with a brokerage firm. “It is possible for banks to die and still have a vibrant economy,“ says Edward Furash, a Washington bank consultant.The irony is that the accelerating slide into irrelevance comes just as the bank

30、s racked up record profits of $ 43 billion over the past 15 months, creating the illusion that the industry is staging a comeback. But that income was not the result of smart lending decisions. Instead of earning money by financing Americas recovery, the banks mainly invested their funds-on which th

31、ey were paying a bargain-basement 2% or so-in risk-free Treasury bonds that yielded 7%. That left bank officers with little to do except put their feet on their desks and watch the interest roll in.Those profits may have come at a price. Not only did bankers lose many loyal customers by withholding

32、credit, they also inadvertently opened the door to a herd of nonbank competitors, who stampeded into the lending market. “The banking industry didnt see this threat,“ says Furash. “They are being fat, dumb and happy. They didnt realize that banking is essential to a modern economy, but banks are not

33、./（分数：10.00）(1).In the eyes of the writer, bank failures in the early 1930sA. brought about an economic crisis.B. destroyed the whole U. S economy.C. contributed to economic recovery.D. exerted no influence on economy.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the attitude of the government towards the current si

34、tuation in which commercial banks are caught?A. Indignant.B. Ironical.C. Apprehensive.D. Skeptical.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The role of commercial banks are being dramatically marginalized becauseA. the government no longer gave support to banking industries.B. bank officers were misled by unwise loanin

35、g strategies.C. insurance companies have taken over part of the business.D. outside competitors invaded the business aggressively.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the text, what surprises the writer is that commercial banks fail toA. see its role in a modern economy.B. perceive the danger involved.

36、C. appreciate their hard-earned profits.D. realize the value of customers.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following may be the best title for this text?A. Banks on the Cliff.B. Banks in Ruins.C. Banks in Conflict.D. Banks at Ease.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Few beyond California s tec

37、hnology crowd recognise the name Larry Sonsini; none within its circle could fail to. For four decades he has been lawyer, adviser and friend to many prominent companies and investors. Some consider him the most powerful person in Silicon Valley. Companies beg for his law firm to represent them. The

38、 65-year-old chairman of Wilson Sonsini Goodrich and more recently, as outside counsel to Hewlett-Packard (HP), for initially defending the boards dubious investigative practices.WSG if anything, they appear to prefer this pace to others.“G The pace of life is frequently commented on by ordinary peo

39、ple. Yet, oddly enough, it has received almost no attention from either psychologists or sociologists. This is a gaping inadequacy in the behavioral sciences, for the pace of life profoundly influences behavior, evoking strong and contrasting reactions from different people. Notes：gaping 是 gape的现在分词

40、；gape vi.裂开。not too much 一点也不多，一点也不过分。Madison Avenue麦迪逊街(纽约一条街道的名字。美国主要广告公司、公共关系事务所集中于此。常用以表示此等公司之作风、做法等。)。Main Street 实利主义社会。food-foraging 觅食的。millennium 千年。trend-maker( trend-setter)领导新潮的人。in the throes of 为而苦干、搏斗。be caught up in陷入。going far out of their way to bring it about 远远没有阻碍它的诞生。brain-drai

41、n(高科技)人才流动(从欧洲到美洲)。Order:（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、Part C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Looking at how far well be able to fund the Health Service in the 21st century raises any number of thorny issues. (46)Many of the options have already been rehearsed in the press: excluding some treatments

42、from the NHS, charging for certain drugs and services, and developing voluntary or compulsory health insurance schemes.Compared to its European Union counterparts Britain operates a low-cost health system: we spend about 7 per cent of GDP on health, compared with 9 per cent in the Netherlands and 10

43、 per cent in France and Germany. In terms of health outcomes versus spend, we compare pretty favourably.I dont see private health care providing much of the solution to current problems. (47) More likely is a shift from universal health coverage to top-up schemes which give people basic health entit

44、lements but require them to finance other treatment through private financing, or opt-out schemes which use tax relief to encourage individuals to make private provision. Neither is close to being implemented, but the future could see a deliberate shift of attention to voluntary health .insurance an

45、d an emphasis on social insurance.(48) I expect individuals to take greater responsibility for their personal health using technology that allows self-diagnosis followed by self-treatment or home care. Even so, higher taxes will plainly be needed to fund health care. (49) I think well eventually see

46、 larger NHS charges, more rationing of medical services and restrictions on certain procedures without proven outcomes. Stricter eligibility criteria for certain treatments are another possibility.All such options would mean a sharp break with tradition and political fall-out that could be extremely

47、 damaging. (50) None of them is going to win votes for the political party desperate enough to introduce them but then nobody is going to vote for ill-health or an early death either.（分数：10.00）_十、Section Writing(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十一、Part A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)2.Directions:A chemical plant should be responsib

48、le for the water pollution in a nearby river. Write a letter to the City Environment Protection Agency to1) state the present situation,2) suggest ways to deal with the problem and3) express your sincere hope.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming“ instead.Do