【考研类试卷】考研英语-939及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语-939 及答案解析(总分：86.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Advances in computers and data networks inspire visions of a future “ information economy“ in which everyone will have (1) to gigabytes of all kinds of information anywhere and anytime. (2) information has always been a (3) diffi

2、cult commodity to deal with, and, in some ways, computers and high-speed networks make the problems of buying, (4) , and distributing information goods worse (5) better. The evolution of the Internet itself (6) serious problems. (7) the Internet has been privatized, several companies are (8) to prov

3、ide the backbones that will carry traffic (9) local networks, but (10) business models for interconnection-who pays how much for each packet (11) , for example-have (12) to be developed. (13) interconnection standards are developed that make (14) cheap and easy to transmit information across indepen

4、dent networks, competition will (15) . If technical or economic (16) make interconnection difficult, (17) transmitting data across multiple networks is expensive or too slow, the (18) suppliers can offer a significant performance (19) ; they may be able to use this edge to drive out competitors and

5、(20) the market.（分数：10.00）(1).A. admission B. access C. right D. command（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Because B. Though C. But D. If（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. distinctly B. notoriously C. well-known D. especially（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. manufacturing B. selling C. allotting D. purchasing（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A

6、. more than B. less than C. than D. rather than（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. poses B. produces C. makes D. brings（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. Provided that B. In that C. Now that D. Given that（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. competing B. struggling C. fighting D. contending（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. through B. in C. on D.

7、 between（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. imaginable B. credible C. workable D. tangible（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. transmitted B. transferred C. transformed D. transported（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. but B. yet C. still D. then（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. If B. Because C. Though D. For（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. that B.

8、what C. it D. which（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. prosper B. improve C. promote D. flourish（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. elements B. factors C. ingredients D. components（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. so that B. for that C. in that D. except that（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. biggest B. vastest C. largest D. greatest（分数：0.

9、50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. benefit B. drawback C. profit D. advantage（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. predominate B. take C. enlarge D. monopolize（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Six years later, in an about-face, the FBI admits that federal agents f

10、ired tear gas canisters capable of causing a fire at the Branch Davidian compound near Waco, Texas in 1993. But the official said the firing came several hours before the structure burst into flames, killing 80 people including the Davidians leader, David Koresh.“In looking into this, weve come acro

11、ss information that shows some canisters that can be deemed pyrotechnic in nature were fired-hours before the fire started,“ the official said. “Devices were fired at the bunker, not at the main structure where the Davidians were camped out.“The Federal Bureau of Investigation maintains it did not s

12、tart what turned to be a series of fiery bursts of flames that ended a 51-day standoff between branch members and the federal government. “This doesnt change the bottom line that David Koresh started the fire and the government did not,“ the official said. “It simply Shows that devices that could pr

13、obably be flammable were used in the early morning hours.“The law enforcement official said the canisters were fired not at the main structure where the Davidian members were camped out but at the nearby underground bunker. They bounced off the bunkers concrete roof and landed in an open field well,

14、 the official said. The canisters were fired at around 6 a.m. , and the fire that destroyed the wooden compound started around noon, the official said. The official also added that other tear gas canisters used by agent that day were not flammable or potentially explosive.While Coulson denied the gr

15、enades played a role in starting the fire, his statement marked the first time that any U.S. government official has publicly contradicted the governments position that federal agents used nothing on the final day of the siege at Waco that could have sparked the fire that engulfed the compound. The

16、cause of the fiery end is a major focus of an ongoing inquiry by the Texas Rangers into the Waco siege.（分数：10.00）(1).The FBI official has NOT admitted that_.A. the canisters were fired at the main structureB. the canisters were fired hours before the fire startedC. federal agents fired tear gas cani

17、sters capable of causing a fireD. other tear gas canisters that were not flammable or potentially explosive were also used（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).From the passage, what information can be inferred about the event in 19937_.A. The compound was blown up by the FBI agents.B. The compound burst into flames

18、 at dawn.C. The federal government besieged the compound for 51 days before the tragedy occurred.D. About 80 people were killed in the event except the Davidians leader, David Koresh.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).After reading the passage, how much do you know about the compound near Waco?A. About 51 people

19、lived in the compound at the time of the event in 1993.B. It consisted of a main structure and a bunker.C. It was built of stone.D. It was a schoolhouse.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Coulsons speech has_.A. made the matter even more complicated and confusingB. been approved by the governmentC. met sharp crit

20、icismD. brought the whole matter into broad daylight（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The attitude of the narrator towards this message is_.A. neutralB. bitterC. excitedD. expectant（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)“WHATS the difference between God and Larry Ellison?“ asks an old software industry joke. A

21、nswer: God doesnt think hes Larry Ellison. The boss of Oracle is hardly alone among corporate chiefs in having a reputation for being rather keen on himself. Indeed, until the bubble burst and the public turned nasty at the start of the decade, the cult of the celebrity chief executive seemed to dem

22、and bossly narcissism, as evidence that a firm was being led by an all-conquering hero.Narcissus met a nasty end, of course. And in recent years, boss-worship has come to be seen as bad for business. In his management bestseller, “Good to Great“, Jim Collins argued that the truly successful bosses w

23、ere not the serf-proclaimed stars who adorn the covers of Forbes and Fortune, but instead self-effacing, thoughtful, monkish sorts who lead by inspiring example.A statistical answer may be at hand. For the first time, a new study, “Its All About Me“, to be presented next week at the annual gathering

24、 of the American Academy of Management, offers a systematic, empirical analysis of what effect narcissistic bosses have on the firms they run. The authors, Arijit Chatterjee and Donald Hambrick, of Pennsylvania State University, examined narcissism in the upper levels of 105 firms in the computer an

25、d software industries.To do this, they bad to solve a practical problem: studies of narcissism have hitherto relied on surveying individuals personally, something for which few chief executives are likely to have time or inclination. So the authors devised an index of narcissism using six publicly a

26、vailable indicators obtainable without the co-operation of the boss. These are: the prominence of the bosss photo in the annual report; his prominence in company press releases; the length of his “Whos Who“ entry; the frequency of his use of the first person singular in interviews; and the ratios of

27、 his cash and non-cash compensation to those of the firms second-highest paid executive.Narcissism naturally drives people to seek positions of power and influence, and because great self-esteem helps your professional advance, say the authors, chief executives will tend on average to be more narcis

28、sistic than the general population. How does that affect a firm? Messrs Chatterjee and Hambrick found that highly narcissistic bosses tended to make bigger changes in the use of important resources, such as research and development, or in spending and leverage; they carried out more and bigger merge

29、rs and acquisitions; and their results were both more extreme (more big wins or big losses) and more transient than those of firms run by their humbler peers. For shareholders, that could be good or bad.Although (oddly) the authors are keeping their narcissism ranking secret, they have revealed that

30、 Mr Ellison did not come top. Alas for him, that may be because the study limited itseff to people who became the boss after 1991-well after he took the helm. In every respect Mr Ellison seems to be the classic narcissistic boss, claims Mr Chatterjee. There is life in the old joke yet.（分数：10.00）(1).

31、The old software industry joke is used in the text toA. show the difference between God and Larry Ellison.B. emphasize the success of the boss of Oracle.C. illustrate how chief executives manage their companies.D. introduce the topic of narcissism on top managerial level.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Jim Col

32、lins seems to believe that truly successful managersA. should encourage the staff by setting up examples.B. should not be regarded as stars by their employees.C. should ban boss-worship in the companies they lead.D. should be as humble as possible in their company.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A practical pr

33、oblem with the “Its all about me“ study is thatA. the survey takes too much time to be completed.B. the subjects for the survey may not be very cooperative.C. the bosses who are narcissistic are likely to tell lies to the surveyors.D. the six available indicators require the co-operation of the boss

34、es.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the researchers, compared with humbler managers, narcissistic bosses are more likely toA. have faster professional advances.B. draw attention from the general population.C. dramatize the changes in their companies.D. use resources of the company in extreme ways.（

35、分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).We can infer from the passage thatA. the results of the new study has already been publicized.B. the researchers think Mr. Ellison is more classic than narcissistic.C. the joke about Mr. Ellison is actually adapted from real life.D. the ranking might be different if the survey fo

36、cused on an earlier period.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The “MyDoom“ virus could presage a generation of computer attacks by organised gangs aiming to extract ransoms from online businesses, experts said yesterday.The warning came as the website run by SCO, a company that sells Unix comp

37、uter software, in effect disappeared from the web under a blizzard of automated attacks from PCs infected by the virus, which first appeared a week ago.The “MyDoom-A“ version of the virus is reckoned to be the worst to have hit the internet, in terms of the speed of its spread, with millions of PCs

38、worldwide believed to be infected. Such “zombie“ machines begin to send out hundreds of copies of the virus every hour to almost any e-mail address in their files.On Sunday they began sending automated queries to SCOs website, an attack that will continue until 12 February. The attack is the web equ

39、ivalent of ringing the companys doorbell and running away a million times a second, leaving its computers unable to deal with standard requests to view its pages.“You have to wonder about the time limit,“ said Graham Cluley, senior technology consultant at the antivirus company Sophos. “Someone coul

40、d go to SCO after the 12th and say, If you dont want this to happen again, here are our demands.“ Raimund Genes, European president of the security software firm Trend Micro, said: “Such a programme could take out any major website on the internet. Its not terrorism, but it is somebody who is obviou

41、sly upset with SCO“SCO has earned the enmity of computer users through a lawsuit it has filed against IBM. SCO claims ownership of computer code it says IBM put into the free operating system Linux, and is demanding licence fees and damages of $1bn.Mr. Cluley said: “It might be that whoever is behin

42、d this will say to SCO, if you dont want the next one to target you, drop the lawsuit.“ SCO has offered $250,000 (140,000) for information leading to the arrest of the person or people who wrote and distributed MyDoom.Nell Barrett, of the security company Information Risk Management, said, “I would

43、give a lot of credence to the idea of gangs using viruses to extort money. Its hard for law enforcement to track them down, because theyre using machines owned by innocent people.“A second variant of MyDoom will start attacking part of Microsofts website later today. The antivirus company MessageLab

44、s said it had blocked more than 16 million copies of the virus in transit over the net so far. But millions more will have reached their targets.（分数：10.00）(1).The onset of a new generation of computer attacks was marked by _.A. an organization of gangs B. the infection of PCsC. the sale of a softwar

45、e D. a websites vanishing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What does the word “they“ (Para. 4) refer toy _.A. “organized gangs“. B. “PCs infected“.C. “copies of the virus“. D. “their files“.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It can Be inferred from the text that the purpose of the attack could be _.A. to render the doorbell o

46、f the company uselessB. to prevent those nonstandard requests to visitC. to make some demands of the companyD. to cancel some websites hated by terrorists（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Neil Barretts remarks are quoted to show _.A. experts different understandings of intention of the attackB. the difficulty to

47、 find out the gangs behind this actC. peoples doubt about winning the lawsuit against scaD. the problem with the security of information management（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).This text is most probably taken from _.A. a newspaper magazine B. a technicians reportC. a college textbook D. a science thesis（分数：

48、2.00）A.B.C.D.七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：6.00)The scourge thats plaguing cruise lines-and causing thousands of tourists to rethink their holiday travel plans-didnt start this year, nor did it even start on a ship. It began, as far as the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) can tell, in Norwalk, U. S., in Octobe

49、r 1968, when 116 elementary school children and teachers suddenly became iii. The CDC investigated, and the cause was discovered to be a small, spherical, previously unclassified virus that scientists named, appropriately enough, the Norwalk virus.Flash forward 34 years, and Norwalk-like viruses ( theres a whole family of them) are all over the news as one ocean liner after another limps into port with passengers complaining of nausea and vomiting. The CDC, which gets called in whenever more than 2% of