【考研类试卷】考研英语-878及答案解析.doc
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1、考研英语-878 及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数:1,分数:10.00)Our ability to think has long been considered central to what makes us human. Now research suggests that our bodies and their relationship with the environment (1) even our most abstract thoughts. This includes thinking up rando
2、m numbers or deciding (2) to review positive or negative experiences.“Advocates of traditional (3) of cognition would be surprised,“ says Tobias Loetscher at the University of Melbourne in Parkville, Australia. “They (4) consider human reasoning to involve abstract cognitive processes without any co
3、nnection to body or space.“Until recently, the (5) has been that our bodies (6) only to our most basic interactions with the environment, (7) sensory and motor processes. The new results suggest that our bodies are also (8) to produce abstract thought, and that even seemingly (9) activities have the
4、 power to influence our thinking. (10) that our bodies may play a role in thought can be found in the metaphors we use to describe situations, (11) “I was given the cold shoulder“ or “she has an excellent grasp of relativity“.Thirty years ago, such (12) led the linguist and philosopher George Lakoff
5、 at the University of Califor- nia, Berkeley, together with philosopher Mark Johnson at the University of Oregon in Eugene, to (13) “conceptual metaphor theory“, the notion that we think of abstract concepts (14) how our bodies function. Now (15) for the theory has started to (16) in. In 2008, (17)
6、, researchers found that people made to feel socially (18) reported feeling physically colder. Now, Loetscher and his colleagues have (19) our ability to think of random numbers-an example of abstract thought-to bodily (20) (分数:10.00)A.conflictB.governC.interfereD.manipulateA.whetherB.thatC.whatD.if
7、A.debatesB.accountsC.narrationsD.inclinationsA.generallyB.almostC.hardlyD.absolutelyA.requirementB.conditionC.circumstanceD.assumptionA.contributeB.devoteC.specifyD.leadA.particularlyB.similarlyC.commonlyD.namelyA.damagedB.exploitedC.groundedD.possessedA.significantB.fakeC.oppositeD.trivialA.FactsB.
8、DoubtsC.CluesD.ConfirmationsA.by chanceB.such asC.as toD.in effectA.promotionsB.observationsC.careersD.fortunesA.proposeB.imagineC.interveneD.concludeA.in spite ofB.with regard toC.as far asD.in terms ofA.evidenceB.sightC.doubtD.consequenceA.stimulateB.involveC.flowD.bringA.for exampleB.in a senseC.
9、as a resultD.in additionA.comfortableB.excludedC.severeD.alienA.linkedB.regardedC.fastenedD.includedA.abstractionsB.ambitionsC.responsibilitiesD.movements二、Section Reading Co(总题数:0,分数:0.00)三、Part A(总题数:0,分数:0.00)四、Text 1(总题数:1,分数:10.00)Here you are. Every morning, you reluctantly return to the same
10、6x6 cube. You grab a coffee, surf a news site, and chitchat with a peer. Then its onto that attack of calls and e-malls coming your way. But the workload doesnt bother you. Staying busy saves you from something worse. And that something worse happens each month when the promotion announcements come
11、out. You read what your peers have accomplished, here and elsewhere. Reflecting on what you did during that same time, you realize how far youve fallen behind. Sometimes you whisper, “That shouldve been me.“Years ago, you marched into this cube dreaming of being a big shot. You didnt plan to stay he
12、re long; it was a place to learn the ropes and build your reputation. Early on, the higher-ups raved about your natural talent and upside. But those qualities only take you so far. Now, you hold a ceremonial “Senior“ title. Your place is secure and you make a decent living. Still, you feel trapped a
13、nd restless. You follow the same tired routines. And you wonder if youve settled, if this is all there is and all youll ever be. You once lived like you had all the time in the world. Then you lost track of it as years passed. Now, you feel its weight and passing more intimately, knowing how much yo
14、uve wasted.We want to believe our careers will unfold logically. We see ourselves as special, possessing a manifest destiny to someday create, change, and lead. So we put our lives on hold and sacrifice for the greater good at work, certain our efforts will eventually be rewarded. We imagine climbin
15、g the proverbial ladder, not wandering through a maze.So what happened? Youd like to believe it was one moment-a major oversight or missed opportunity- that led you here. Deep inside, you know the truth. You wrote lists and plans, knowing youd never put them into motion. You waited for something to
16、happen to you.and got left behind. Despite the grueling hours, you went through the motions, subconsciously knowing your path was welcome scenery and exercise. But led nowhere.In our personal narratives, we naturally make ourselves the heroes. We seek out villains and scapegoats to justify why our l
17、ives havent panned out. Unfortunately, the truth is far less melodramatic. It is usually a series of evasions, bad habits, fears, compromises, and mentalities that have led us to this point. Sure, you can spend time reflecting on the past, questioning your path, and figuring out whats missing. But a
18、re you really being honest with yourself?.(分数:10.00)(1).What does “6x6 cube“ refer to?(分数:2.00)A.A square pipe.B.A kind of computer.C.A square office.D.An office desk.(2).According to Paragraph 2, when you get into this cube your initial plan is to(分数:2.00)A.become a senior worker in the company.B.g
19、ather experience and fame for bigger goals.C.gain the approval of the higher-ups.D.have a secure job and a well-off lif(3).The proverbial ladder in Paragraph 3 indicates that we believe(分数:2.00)A.we are born to be leaders and big shots.B.our sacrifices and efforts will pay off.C.we will encounter gr
20、eat opportunities.D.there wont be obstacles in our careers.(4).According to the last paragraph, our attitude toward our failures is(分数:2.00)A.optimistic.B.desperate.C.negligent.D.evasiv(5).It can be inferred from the text that the real reason for our failure is(分数:2.00)A.lost chances and opportuniti
21、es.B.impractical lists and plans.C.dishonesty with ourselves.D.wrong attitudes and mentalities.五、Text 2(总题数:1,分数:10.00)How long you live has a lot to do with your environment and lifestyle, but exceptional longevity may have even more to do with your genes. For the first time, researchers have ident
22、ified a genetic recipe that accurately predicts who may live to 100 and beyond. Scientists led by Dr. Thomas Perls at the Boston University School of Medicine conducted a genetic analysis of more than 1,000 centenarians and their matched controls and found 150 genetic variants-or bits of DNA-that di
23、ffered between the two groups. These variants identified people who lived to a very old age (past 100) with 77% accuracy, researchers found.Further analysis identified 19 distinct genetic profiles associated with extremely long life; 90% of participants who lived to 100 possessed at least one of the
24、 signature genetic clusters. Each profile appeared to confer a different tendency to develop common age-related chronic diseases, such as heart disease or brain disorder. “We realize this is a complex genetic puzzle,“ Perls said. “Were quite a ways away still in understanding how the integration of
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