【考研类试卷】2013年东华大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析.doc

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1、2013年东华大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.preferential policy（分数：2.00）_3.marital status（分数：2.00）_4.customs duties（分数：2.00）_5.legal person representative（分数：2.00）_6.a Bonded Area（分数：2.00）_7.China Democratic League（分数：2.00）_8.exit visa（分数：2.00）_9.a polytechnical unive

2、rsity of science（分数：2.00）_10.Sales Contract（分数：2.00）_11.terms and conditions（分数：2.00）_12.the principle of equality and mutual benefit（分数：2.00）_13.Purchase Confirmation（分数：2.00）_14.amusement facilities（分数：2.00）_15.on-the-spot investigation（分数：2.00）_16.the Lantern Festival（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.外向型经济（分数：

3、2.00）_19.流动资金（分数：2.00）_20.授权书（分数：2.00）_21.交流项目（分数：2.00）_22.进口许可证（分数：2.00）_23.出口信用担保（分数：2.00）_24.年销售额（分数：2.00）_25.支柱产业（分数：2.00）_26.中国特色社会主义（分数：2.00）_27.国际金融中心（分数：2.00）_28.技术开发区（分数：2.00）_29.自治区（分数：2.00）_30.海外华侨（分数：2.00）_31.改革开放政策（分数：2.00）_32.独立和主权（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_34.This insurance

4、 covers: (1) Total or Constructive Total Loss of the whole consignment hereby insured caused in the course of transit by natural calamitiesheavy weather, lightening, tsunami, earthquake and flood. In case a constructive total loss is claimed for, the insured shall abandon to the Company the damaged

5、goods and all his rights and title pertaining thereto. The goods on each lighter to or from seagoing vessel shall be deemed a separate risk. “Constructive Total Loss“ refers to the loss where an actual total loss appears to be unavoidable or the cost to be incurred in recovering or reconditioning th

6、e goods together with the forwarding cost to the destination named in the Policy would exceed their value on arrival. (2) Total or Partial Loss caused by accidentsthe carrying conveyance being grounded, stranded, sunk or in collision with floating ice or other objects as fire or explosion. (3) Parti

7、al loss of the insured goods attributable to heavy weather, lightening and/or tsunami, where the conveyance has been grounded, stranded, sunk or burnt, irrespective of whether the event or events took place before or after such accidents. (4) Partial or total loss consequent on falling of entire pac

8、kage or packages into sea during loading, transshipment or discharge. (5) Reasonable cost incurred by the insured in salvaging the goods or averting or minimizing a loss recoverable under the Policy, provided that such cost shall not exceed the sum insured of the consignment so saved. (6) Losses att

9、ributable to discharge of the insured goods at a port or distress following a sea peril as well as special charges arising from loading, warehousing and forwarding of the goods at an intermediate port of call or refuge. (7) Sacrifice in and Contribution to General Average and Salvage Charges. (8) Su

10、ch proportion of losses sustained by the ship owners as is to be reimbursed by the Cargo Owner under the Contract of Affreightment “Both to Blame Collision“ clause.（分数：2.00）_35.汉译英_36.科学是讲求实际的。科学是老老实实的学问，来不得半点虚假，需要付出艰巨的劳动。同时，科学也需要创造，需要幻想，有幻想才能打破传统的束缚，才能发展科学。科学工作者同志们，请你们不要把幻想让诗人独占了。嫦娥奔月，龙宫探宝，封神演义上的许多

11、幻想，通过科学，今天大都变成了现实。伟大的天文学家哥白尼说：人的天职在勇于探索真理。我国人民历来是勇于探索，勇于创造，勇于革命的。我们一定要打破陈规，披荆斩棘，开拓我国科学发展的道路。既异想天开，又实事求是，这是科学工作者特有的风格，让我们在无穷的宇宙长河中去探索无穷的真理吧!（分数：2.00）_2013年东华大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.preferential policy（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：优惠政策)解析：3.marital status（分数：2.00）

12、_正确答案：(正确答案：婚姻状况)解析：4.customs duties（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：关税)解析：5.legal person representative（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：法人代表)解析：6.a Bonded Area（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：保税区)解析：7.China Democratic League（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：中国民主同盟)解析：8.exit visa（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：出境签证)解析：9.a polytechnical university of science（

13、分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：科技工业大学)解析：10.Sales Contract（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：销售合同)解析：11.terms and conditions（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：条款和条件)解析：12.the principle of equality and mutual benefit（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：平等互利原则)解析：13.Purchase Confirmation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：购货确认书)解析：14.amusement facilities（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(

14、正确答案：娱乐设施)解析：15.on-the-spot investigation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：实地考察)解析：16.the Lantern Festival（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：元宵节)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.外向型经济（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：export-oriented economy)解析：19.流动资金（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：circulating fund)解析：20.授权书（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：letter of authorization)解析：21.交流项目（分数：

15、2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：exchange programme)解析：22.进口许可证（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：import license)解析：23.出口信用担保（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：guarantee of export credits)解析：24.年销售额（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：annual sales volume)解析：25.支柱产业（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：pillar industry)解析：26.中国特色社会主义（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：socialism with Chinese

16、characteristics)解析：27.国际金融中心（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：international financial center)解析：28.技术开发区（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：technology development zone)解析：29.自治区（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：autonomous region)解析：30.海外华侨（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：overseas Chinese)解析：31.改革开放政策（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：reform and opening-up policy)解析

17、：32.独立和主权（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：independence and sovereignty)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.This insurance covers: (1) Total or Constructive Total Loss of the whole consignment hereby insured caused in the course of transit by natural calamitiesheavy weather, lightening, tsunami, earthquake and

18、flood. In case a constructive total loss is claimed for, the insured shall abandon to the Company the damaged goods and all his rights and title pertaining thereto. The goods on each lighter to or from seagoing vessel shall be deemed a separate risk. “Constructive Total Loss“ refers to the loss wher

19、e an actual total loss appears to be unavoidable or the cost to be incurred in recovering or reconditioning the goods together with the forwarding cost to the destination named in the Policy would exceed their value on arrival. (2) Total or Partial Loss caused by accidentsthe carrying conveyance bei

20、ng grounded, stranded, sunk or in collision with floating ice or other objects as fire or explosion. (3) Partial loss of the insured goods attributable to heavy weather, lightening and/or tsunami, where the conveyance has been grounded, stranded, sunk or burnt, irrespective of whether the event or e

21、vents took place before or after such accidents. (4) Partial or total loss consequent on falling of entire package or packages into sea during loading, transshipment or discharge. (5) Reasonable cost incurred by the insured in salvaging the goods or averting or minimizing a loss recoverable under th

22、e Policy, provided that such cost shall not exceed the sum insured of the consignment so saved. (6) Losses attributable to discharge of the insured goods at a port or distress following a sea peril as well as special charges arising from loading, warehousing and forwarding of the goods at an interme

23、diate port of call or refuge. (7) Sacrifice in and Contribution to General Average and Salvage Charges. (8) Such proportion of losses sustained by the ship owners as is to be reimbursed by the Cargo Owner under the Contract of Affreightment “Both to Blame Collision“ clause.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 本保险承

24、保： (1)被保险货物在运输途中由于恶劣天气、雷电、海啸、地震和洪水自然灾害造成的全损或推定全损。如果索赔推定全损，投保人应当将受损货物及其权利及附属的其他权利转移给保险公司。每一驳船运人或运出海船的货物应当被认为是单独风险。“推定全损”是指被保险货物的实际全损已经不可避免，或者恢复、修复受损货物以及运送货物到原定目的地的费用超过该目的地的货物价值。 (2)由于运载工具的搁浅、触礁、沉没或与浮冰或其他物体碰撞以及失火或爆炸事故造成的全损或部分损失。 (3)由于恶劣天气、雷电或海啸造成运输工具已经搁浅、触礁、沉没或起火事故而发生的投保货物的部分损失，不论事故发生在自然灾害之前还是之后。 (4)在

25、装货、运输或卸货期间整批包件坠入海中造成的部分或全部损失。 (5)投保人根据保险单条款为抢救货物或为防止或减小根据保证合同可以得到赔偿的损失而支出的必要的合理费用，但是，这笔费用不能超过所抢救货物投保总额。 (6)发生海难后投保货物在避难港的卸货损失以及在中间挂靠港或避难港装货，仓库储存和运输发生的特殊费用的损失。(7)共同海损的牺牲、分摊和救助费用。 (8)根据租船合同中碰撞双方有责条款，货主应当偿还船东蒙受的部分损失。)解析：35.汉译英_解析：36.科学是讲求实际的。科学是老老实实的学问，来不得半点虚假，需要付出艰巨的劳动。同时，科学也需要创造，需要幻想，有幻想才能打破传统的束缚，才能发

26、展科学。科学工作者同志们，请你们不要把幻想让诗人独占了。嫦娥奔月，龙宫探宝，封神演义上的许多幻想，通过科学，今天大都变成了现实。伟大的天文学家哥白尼说：人的天职在勇于探索真理。我国人民历来是勇于探索，勇于创造，勇于革命的。我们一定要打破陈规，披荆斩棘，开拓我国科学发展的道路。既异想天开，又实事求是，这是科学工作者特有的风格，让我们在无穷的宇宙长河中去探索无穷的真理吧!（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Science is based on facts. Science means honest and solid knowledge. It does not allow the sl

27、ightest falsity and requires tremendous hard work. Meanwhile, science also needs creativity and imagination to break the restraint of traditional rules and to promote its development. Ladies and gentlemen, please do not allow poets to monopolize the fantasy. Via science, many fantasies in ancient Ch

28、ina have come true, including the Goddess Changs fly to the moon (with the elixir of life, chased by her famous archer-husband); the underwater treasure search in the Dragon Kings palace; and those described in a famous Chinese book Creation of the Gods. The great astronomer Copernicus said that it is mans duty to be courageous enough to seek for truth. Chinese people have always been bold in exploration, creation and revolution through all the ages. We must break through conv