【考研类试卷】2004年全国医学博士统一考试英语试题及答案解析.doc

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1、2004 年全国医学博士统一考试英语试题及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：180 分钟)一、Part Listening Com(总题数：15，分数：15.00)A.Breast cancer.B.Lung cancer.C.Pneumonia.D.Leukemia.A.Visit his uncles doctor.B.See a doctor.C.Ride more carefully.D.Take it easy.A.Six.B.Twenty-four.C.Twelve.D.Three.A.Mrs.White.B.Mr. Whites fathers family.C.Mrs.

2、Whites fathers family.D.Mr. White.A.Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.B.Tuesday and Saturday.C.Tuesday and Thursday.D.Saturday and Sunday.A.Its too long.B.Its the dullest.C.Its ridiculous.D.Its too short.A.He thinks that theres more depression among users of the internet.B.He doubts there is a correlati

3、on between the Internet and depression.C.He is sure that being on the Internet can lead to depression.D.He thinks that depression can make people spend more time on theA.She is full.B.She has trouble digesting pears.C.She thinks there is not enough.D.She just wants a small one.A.Take it back to the

4、store.B.Find the warranty.C.Read instructions.D.Call for help.A.She bought it at a well-known store.B.It was very expensive.C.She doesnt consider it gorgeous.D.Someone gave it to her.A.She did poorly on physics.B.She got a B in physics.C.She didnt want to.D.She was an average student.A.She has been

5、busy working on her chemistry.B.She hasnt got a partner yet.C.She prefers biology to chemistry.D.She is sick and tired of biology.A.He likes classical music.B.He dislikes classical music a lot.C.He hasnt learned to appreciate classical music yet.D.He hasnt listened to any classical music before.A.In

6、 the clinic.B.In the ward.C.In the drug store.D.In the department store.A.His passenger saved him in time.B.He was driving very slowly.C.He was driving a new car.D.He had fastened his seat belt.二、Section B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)A.Nausea.B.Fever.C.A cold.D.Diarrhea.A.The stale food he ate.B.The fruit juice h

7、e drank.C.Too much food he ate.D.The cold he got.A.Porridge.B.Purified wate.C.Pizza.D.Apple juice.A.When his stool becomes loose and watery.B.When his diarrhea becomes inconveniently frequent and watery.C.When his lips and mouth are dry.D.When he loses a lot of body fluids.A.It is a mild case of dia

8、rrhea.B.It is an urgent case of diarrhea.C.It is improving.D.It is deteriorating.三、Passage Two(总题数：5，分数：5.00)A.Psychosocial effects of breast surgery.B.Life crises of cancer patients.C.Female self-image in society.D.A womans perception of her identity.A.It may affect a womans physical activity.B.It

9、may affect a womans self-image as a female.C.It may affect a womans perception of idealism.D.It may affect a womans breast reconstruction.A.Because they can put the woman on medication to aid recovery.B.Because they can help the woman find a job if she is unemployed.C.Because they can help the woman

10、 find a new partner and remarry.D.Because they can help the woman get over the physical and psychological blow.A.Because they dread that they will have to see a psychiatrist.B.Because they think that anxiety and depression are natural responses.C.Because they cant recover from the psychological blow

11、 of the disease.D.Because they fear that the medications they receive are not effective.A.Encouraging her to discuss sexual problems with her partner openly.B.Advising her to see a psychiatrist for further treatment.C.Advising her to reveal the diagnosis of breast cancer to others.D.Advising her to

12、use prosthetic device or undergo breast reconstruction.四、Passage Three(总题数：5，分数：5.00)A.Learning autonomy.B.American education.C.Respect for professors.D.Guidelines for using the library in the U.S.A.A.To know all the answers.B.To know a library works.C.To be completely dependent on their professors.

13、D.To take the initiative and be independent.A.Professors in the United States are very busy.B.Professors in the U.S. have some other duties besides teaching.C.Professors in the U.S. enjoy publishing articles and books.D.Professors in the U.S. do not have much time to spend with their students outsid

14、e class.A.He should go to the library.B.He should turn to his professor for help during office hours.C.He should set office hours for his professor.D.He should always seek help from his professor in class.A.One who is interested in getting good grades in exams.B.One who can finish the assignment on

15、time.C.One who is motivated to learn for the sake of learning.D.One who can spend much time with his professor.八、Part II Vocabulary (总题数：10，分数：5.00)31.All the characters in the play are _ . （分数：0.50）A.imaginableB.imaginaryC.imaginativeD.imagining32.The judge _ all the charges against Smith. （分数：0.50

16、）A.dismissedB.eliminatedC.refusedD.discarded33. The actress _ the terms of her contract and was prosecuted by the producer. （分数：0.50）A.ignoredB.ratifiedC.draftedD.violated34.At this time of the year, university admission offices are _ with inquiries from anxious applicants. （分数：0.50）A.annoyedB.thril

17、ledC.trampledD.reproached35.When the former President _ her candidacy, she knew she had a good chance of being elected. （分数：0.50）A.enforcedB.endorsedC.followed upD.put forward36.The countrys highest medal was _ upon him for heroism. （分数：0.50）A.earnedB.bestowedC.creditedD.granted37.The local governme

18、nt leaders are making every effort to _ the problem of poverty. （分数：0.50）A.tackleB.taperC.suppressD.tangle38.At the party we found that the shy girl _ her mother all the time. （分数：0.50）A.harmonizing withB.clinging toC.depending onD.adjusting to39.We managed to reach the top of the mountain, and half

19、 an hour later we began to _. （分数：0.50）A.declineB.ascendC.descendD.plunge40.Losing the job was bad, but even worse was the feeling that I had _ my dear wife and children. （分数：0.50）A.let aloneB.let downC.let offD.let up九、Section B(总题数：10，分数：5.00)41.The temperature of the atmosphere becomes colder as

20、elevation increases. （分数：0.50）A.altitudeB.aptitudeC.latitudeD.longitude42.She was so stubborn that she wouldnt change her opinions. （分数：0.50）A.unwillingB.talentedC.obstinateD.determined43.On Christmas Eve, she spent two hours decorating the room with flower chains. （分数：0.50）A.modifyingB.ornamentingC

21、.disposingD.packing44.Nobody can stand for long agony of a severe toothache. （分数：0.50）A.sufferanceB.suppurationC.plagueD.torment45.When we recall a story of identical offspring of Adolf Hitler being raised in order to further his horrible work, we are outraged. （分数：0.50）A.enlightenedB.calmedC.provok

22、edD.moved46.Only native-born citizens are eligible for the U.S. presidency. （分数：0.50）A.obligedB.intelligibleC.competentD.qualified47.Tomorrows match has been called off because of the foul weather. （分数：0.50）A.preventedB.delayedC.cancelledD.forbidden48. Losing his job was a financial catastrophe for

23、his family. （分数：0.50）A.calamityB.accidentC.frustrationD.depression49.Children were expected to be obedient and contribute to the well-being of the family. （分数：0.50）A.smartB.efficientC.painstakingD.submissive50.While many applaud the increasing individualism and freedom of children within the family,

24、 others lament the loss of family responsibility and discipline. （分数：0.50）A.mournB.delightC.prosecuteD.condemn十、Part Cloze (10%)(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Robert Spring, a （分数：10.00）A.arrivedB.migratedC.traveledD.movedA.excellentB.genuineC.falseD.rareA.originatingB.innovatingC.designingD.imitatingA.subscriptio

25、nB.retentionC.circulationD.accumulationA.respectfulB.respectableC.respectiveD.respectingA.roughB.fragileC.agedD.preservedA.rightB.simplyC.onlyD.lateA.inventedB.discoveredC.detectedD.locatedA.lawfulB.financialC.administrativeD.criminalA.fakesB.realitiesC.originalsD.duplicates十一、Part IV Reading Comp(总

26、题数：6，分数：30.00)Passage One Although speech and writing are the special means of communicating of humans, the interchange also takes place in many other ways. A person may relay his or her feelings, thoughts, and reactions through body positioning, body contact, body odors, eye contact, responsive act

27、ions, habits, attitudes, interests, state of health, dress and grooming, choice of life-style, and use of talents - in fact, through everything the individual says or does. In turn, every person is constantly receiving multitudes of external and internal messages through his or her five senses and p

28、ersonal biorhythm system. An individual screens, selects, regulates, and controls specific aspects of this Information through a process of mental choices. Some of these choices are automatic; some are subconscious because of habit, block, or lack of development; and some are made by a conscious pro

29、cess. The degree to which a person is able to communicate depends upon the extent of his or her conscious awareness, priority of need, and control of this process. The person with a b behavior disorder is shut off from the communicative flow that normally exists among humans. His or her mind is conf

30、used, and he or she may feel unable to express personal thoughts, need, and emotions, and unable to make himself or herself understood. Sometimes the person may feel that he or she is communicating clearly but that others cannot or will not understand. Because the person is thus isolated in internal

31、 problems, he or she is interested only in these problems and cannot focus attention on the messages of others. The person often projects fears and fantasies onto others, so that no matter what the real content is of the messages that others relay, the messages received are threatening ones. The cau

32、ses of such communicative shutoffs are blocks in the neural pathways of the persons processing of information. Sometimes a block is physical, as in deafness, mental retardation, brain tumor, or hardening of the cerebral arteries. However, the most common causes of blocks are injuries to a persons em

33、otional system. Emotional blocks occur to some degree in all human beings. They usually occur in childhood before good communicative skills are learned, and they are connected to individual symbolism. Unless such a block is removed shortly after happening, it can have profound and complicating effec

34、ts that will distort emotional and mental growth and arrest the development potential of the individual. Even though a child with blocks will appear to grow and to seem mature in some ways, he or she will show the evidence of emotional blocking in efforts to communicate. （分数：5.00）(1).The concluding

35、phrase of the first paragraph implies that human communication _. （分数：1.00）A.is characterized by two features, form and meaningB.is mainly conducted through speech and writingC.is of two functions, stimulation and responseD.takes two forms, verbal and nonverbal(2).In the second paragraph the author

36、is mainly concerned with _. （分数：1.00）A.communicative abilityB.external and internal messagesC.information and mental processingD.conscious and subconscious awareness(3).Shut off from the communicative flow, the person with a behavior disorder _. （分数：1.00）A.is unable to focus attention on internal pr

37、oblemsB.is isolated in internal problemsC.relays threatening messagesD.all of the above(4).Which of the following is universal according to the passage? _. （分数：1.00）A.Neural blocks.B.Physical blocks.C.Cerebral blocks.D.Emotional blocks.(5).The passage ends with _. （分数：1.00）A.the contributing factors

38、 to emotional and mental disorderB.the importance of acquiring good communicative skillsC.the significance of eliminating early emotional blocksD.the warning of emotional blocks common in childhoodPassage Two Depression is a state of low vitality and discontent with life in which the individual with

39、draws from normal life activities even to the point of considering death as an attractive alternative. Although everyone experiences “the blues” or periods of low spirits when nothing in life seems to go well, when everything seems to be an effort, and when efforts lead to frustration, these periods

40、 are usually brief and are likely to occur when the person is tired, hungry, lonely, or sick. Rest, good food, talking with friends, some fun, and/or an end to the sickness are usually enough to cure the blues. But when the low spirits persist, or when there are large swings in mood from elation to

41、desolation, when nothing seems to catch the interest of the person, when relatives or friends cannot cheer the person and he or she continues to withdraw, then the person is depressed. Even such depressions are normal under certain circumstances. Anyone who is faced with a serious and painful illnes

42、s or the loss of a limb, is exhausted by repeated narrow escapes from death (such as occurs in wartime），has been exposed to a dehumanizing environment（such as occurred with the Jews in Nazi Germany），has had an overwhelming series of stressful setbacks, or has experienced the death of several family

43、members within a short time is expected to be depressed. However, there are many depressed people who seem to the casual observer to have no reason to be depressed. Depression under these circumstances stems from severe behavior disturbance in which the person sees himself or herself as worthless. S

44、uch an image is usually the result of the psychosocial conditioning of a childhood deprived of a parental role model of security, love, care, and attention essential for the development of trusting relationships. The depressed person needs to build a new image of himself or herself as a useful and n

45、eeded person. Psychotherapy is often helpful in restoring natural inner confidence and capacity for meaningful and trusting relationships. The depressed person can find little beauty or fun in. life. His or her talk is filled with gloomy negatives. Doom and anxiety fill his or her mind. Depression i

46、s often cyclical, and when the anxiety does lift the person may demonstrate an opposite extreme of carefree irresponsibility. Although it often takes years of psychotherapy for the individual to work through the underlying suspicion and anger of his or her problems, acceptance by another will get th

47、rough to even the most deeply depressed person if the other is sincere. An attitude of matter-of-fact hopefulness on the part of those around the depressed person can reassure him or her of eventual recovery. The disturbed thoughts of the depressed person cannot be forgotten until they are replaced

48、by other thoughts. Yet, in depression, the person does not see that he or she has choices about what thoughts occupy his or her mind. The person needs to explore alternatives for thoughts and actions and learn to care for himself or herself enough to modify his or her own behavior. （分数：5.00）(1).Unli

49、ke others, according to the passage, a depressed person _. （分数：1.00）A.is likely to recover in a short period of timeB.does not reveal any underlying causeC.is characteristic of self-hatredD.tends to stay with “the blues“(2).From a serious and painful illness to the death of several family members, the author is trying to tell us that _. （分数：1.00）A.depressions can potentially be detrimental to mental healthB.the severity of depressions varies with individualsC.depressions are overwhelmingly pre