【学历类职业资格】英语写作基础自考题-17及答案解析.doc

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1、英语写作基础自考题-17 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.I was apprenticed to a builder when I was fourteen. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_2.He hasnt got much experience of teaching children. Hes patient and keen to learn. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_3.The story was interesting. It was not believa

2、ble. (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_4.The wise and good gain wisdom for the future from their errors and mistakes. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_5.My aunt often travels abroad. She enjoys experimenting with unusual food. (sentence with a modifying phrase)（分数：1.50）_6.People acting together as a group can

3、 accomplish things. No individual acting alone could ever hope to accomplish those things. (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_7.We should not rely so heavily on oil, coal and uranium. They are overused. Coal and oil are irreplaceable. Uranium is also irreplaceable. (long sentence)（分数：1.50）_8.How much there

4、 is to learn and how much I dont yet know is one of the most important things Ive learned. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_9.Smith forgot his wedding anniversary for the tenth straight year. Smiths wife was extremely angry. She made Smith spend a week sleeping on the porch. (compound-complex sentence)（

5、分数：1.50）_10.In 1962, Rachel Carson published her book Silent Spring. Rachel Carson was an American marine scientist and writer of popular science. The book aroused worldwide concern for the protection of the environment. (long sentence)（分数：1.50）_二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.I went home, he stayed at the pa

6、rty.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_12.Speaking before a group of examiners, the girls knees shook badly.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_13.Mother could not persuade me that giving is as much a joy as to receive.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_14.Our teacher showed us how to create E-cards on the computer with an encouraging smile.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:

7、_15.Economists are applauded or ignored when the economy is strong; are criticized when is weak.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_三、B(总题数：3，分数：15.00)16.Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. A. Music is an important part of my life. B. When I feel l

8、ow, music cheers me up. C. I studied music at primary school for six years. D. I am a member of the pop music club of my college. Answer: _（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_17.Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence. Burnout is a potential problem for any hard working and persevering student. To

9、 strengthen their immunity to burn-out, students need to work in moderation. They can concentrate on school every day, provided that they do not overtax themselves. One method students can use is to avoid concentrating on a single project for an extended period of time. For example, if students have

10、 to read two books for a midterm history test, they should do other assignments at intervals so that the two books will not get boring. Another means to moderate a workload is to regulate how many extracurricular projects to take on.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_18.Read the following paragraph carefully and selec

11、t the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. Topic sentence: _ I love sunny days because they are ideal for outings. I remember the sunny weekend when two roommates and I had a marvelous time in the old Sum

12、mer Palace. Under the blue sky, the trees are bathed in golden light. On rainy days, I enjoy the sound of raindrops beating on the windowpanes. I watch the rain washing the trees and grass clean, knowing they will glitter when it clears up and hoping a rainbow will follow. In winter, a heavy snowfal

13、l offers a different type of pleasure. Cold as it often is, I always go outdoors and leave my footprints in the thick snow while throwing snowballs and making snowmen with my fellow students. A. A person should learn to be happy in all weathers. B. Ones mood should not be affected by bad weather. C.

14、 People usually prefer fine weather to severe weather. D. I enjoy both sunny weather and rainy or snowy weather.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_四、B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)19.When they reached the cottage, the two seated themselves with some appearance of fatigue (疲惫) upon the upper step of the porch. 20. The sunshade contin

15、ued to approach slowly. 21. He fixed his gaze upon a white sunshade (遮阳伞) that was advancing slowly from the beach. 22. The gulf looked far away, melting hazily into the blue of the horizon. 23. Mr. Pontellier, sitting at the porch of a cottage, lit a cigar and looked afar. 24. Beneath the sunshade

16、were his wife, Mrs. Pontellier, and young Robert Lebrun. 25. They faced each other, each leaning against a supporting post. 26. He could see it plainly between the trunks of the water-oaks along the gulf and across the stretch of wild flowers. 22 20 24（分数：5.00）_五、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)20.We have all used

17、 physical databases since our grammar school days. Grammar school is known today as grade school or elementary school. Our class yearbooks, telephone books, shoeboxes full of receipts documenting various bills we have paidthese are all databases in one form or another, for a database is nothing more

18、 than a collection of information organized to allow retrieval (取回) of that information in certain ways. Anyone who is well organized has a better chance of succeeding in college or in the business world.（分数：10.00）_六、B(总题数：1，分数：30.00)21.You (Liu Dan) received a present of some money from a relative.

19、 Write a letter to thank him or her for the present and say what you intend to do with it, such as paying the registration fee for new courses and rents, and buying textbooks and reference books. Promise that you will keep him or her informed of your life and study at school. (150200 words)（分数：30.00

20、）_英语写作基础自考题-17 答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)1.I was apprenticed to a builder when I was fourteen. (simple sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(I was apprenticed to a builder at the age of fourteen./at fourteen./at age fourteen.)解析：解析 首先来看译文，我在十四岁时，做过建筑工学徒。该句 when连接的一个复合句，要求把它变为简单句。简单句只有一套主谓结构。做这

21、类题的关键是看原句的几个部分哪些成分是重合的，显然，主语部分是相同的，那么只要现把连接词 when去掉，再把主语部分合并为一个主语 I，然后可以使用一个短语如 at the age of fourteen来替代从句中的 was fourteen即可。2.He hasnt got much experience of teaching children. Hes patient and keen to learn. (compound sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(He hasnt got much experience of teaching children, but h

22、es patient and keen to learn.)解析：解析 原句是两个简单句，且它们之间内在关系为转折，选定表示转折的并列连词 but，并辅之于逗号，将两句连接即可。3.The story was interesting. It was not believable. (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Although the story was interesting, it was not believable.)解析：解析 同样先看泽文的意思，这个故事很精彩，令人难以相信。原句同样是两个简单句，要求我们变为复合句。现在把简单句变为复合句，同样

23、先判断这两个句子的主从地位。根据句意，我们可以看出两个句子的意思前后有很大的转折。这样我们就可以确定从属连同可以用表语气转折的 although；but 等。4.The wise and good gain wisdom for the future from their errors and mistakes. (periodic sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(From their errors and mistakes, the wise and good gain wisdom for the future.)解析：解析 原句为松散句，且主要观点为：The wise

24、and good gain wisdom for the future，变成掉尾句时，只需次要观点前置。5.My aunt often travels abroad. She enjoys experimenting with unusual food. (sentence with a modifying phrase)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(My aunt, often traveling abroad, enjoys experimenting with unusual food./Often traveling abroad, my aunt enjoys experiment

25、ing with unusual food.)解析：解析 先看译文：我阿姨经常到国外旅行。她很喜欢尝试一些不同寻常的食物。原句是两个简单句，要求把它们变为一个含修饰性短语的句子。根据逻辑关系，原句的两个句子中，第一句 travels abroad是次要内容，enjoys experimenting with unusual food 是中心意思。做题时，应将第一句改为修饰性短语，原句两句话主语相同，所以将 travel短语改为 traveling+宾语的结构，作为插入语放在句中，用逗号隔开。这样句子的主语 My aunt做它的逻辑主语。6.People acting together as a

26、 group can accomplish things. No individual acting alone could ever hope to accomplish those things. (complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(No individual acting alone could ever hope to accomplish the things that people acting together as a group can accomplish./Although people acting together as a group

27、 can accomplish things, no individual acting alone could ever hope to accomplish those things.)解析：解析 本句是两个简单句，且它们之间内在关系为：第一句为辅，第二句为主，我们可以把第一句作为定语从句或是让步状语从句来达到成为复合句的目的。7.We should not rely so heavily on oil, coal and uranium. They are overused. Coal and oil are irreplaceable. Uranium is also irreplac

28、eable. (long sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(We should not rely so heavily on oil, coal and uranium, which are overused and irreplaceable./We should not rely so heavily on oil, coal and uranium because/as they are overused and irreplaceable.)解析：解析 原句由几个简单句构成。第一句意思为“我们不应该如此依赖石油，煤，铀”。第二句意思为“这些东西已经被过度使用了”。第三句

29、意思为“煤和石油是不可替代的”。第四句意思为“铀也是不可替代的。”第一句显然是告诉我们人们太依赖这些东西了。第二句紧接着就说这些物质已经被过度使用了。这儿这些物质就是指前一句的 oil；coal；uranium，我们可以用关系代词 which来代替。第三四句中的 irreplaceable可以用连词 and来与第二句中的 overused连接，来做 are的并列表语。8.How much there is to learn and how much I dont yet know is one of the most important things Ive learned. (periodi

30、c sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(One of the most important things Ive learned is how much there is to learn and how much I dont yet know.)解析：解析 原句是一个不包含修饰语的句子，但并不是说它不包含次要观点。对于不包含修饰语(状语)的句子，主要观点体现在主语和谓语上，次要观点体现在宾语或表语上。本题即是如此。在改为掉尾句时将表语前置即可。9.Smith forgot his wedding anniversary for the tenth straight year.

31、 Smiths wife was extremely angry. She made Smith spend a week sleeping on the porch. (compound-complex sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(Smith forgot his wedding anniversary for the tenth straight year, and his wife was extremely angry, so she made him spend a week sleeping on the porch./Because Smith forgot

32、 his wedding anniversary for the tenth straight year, his wife was extremely angry, and she made him spend a week sleeping on the porch./Because Smith forgot his wedding anniversary for the tenth straight year, his wife was so angry that she made him spend a week sleeping on the porch.)解析：解析 译文：史密斯忘

33、记了他的结婚纪念日。史密斯的妻子非常的生气。她为此惩罚史密斯睡门廊一个星期。原句是三个简单句，要求变为并列复合句。简单句变为并列复合句时，应注意哪些部分应并列，哪些部分应复合。从本题句子之间的逻辑看，第一句和第二句是并列关系，前两句与第三句是因果关系。因此第一二句可以用连词 and连接做并列部分。第三句和第一；二句用 so来连接做复合部分即可。10.In 1962, Rachel Carson published her book Silent Spring. Rachel Carson was an American marine scientist and writer of popula

34、r science. The book aroused worldwide concern for the protection of the environment. (long sentence)（分数：1.50）_正确答案：(In 1962, Rachel Carson, an American marine scientist and writer of popular science, published her book Silent Spring which aroused worldwide concern for the protection of the environme

35、nt.)解析：解析 连短句成长句要遵循两个原则：一是不可丢失或添加任何信息；二是要尽可能地简洁。方法是先从原题的短句中选定一句作为未来长句的主干，再将其他的短句变为修饰成分即可。解决这一问题的方法是利用连接词、修饰性短语等将短句连接在一起。二、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)11.I went home, he stayed at the party.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：I went home, but/and he stayed at the party./I went home. He stayed at the party.）解析：解析 原句是一个串句。修改串

36、句的一中办法是用逗号加上一个连接词。根据句意，前后两句之间是因果关系。故选用 but作为连接词。或者将 home后的逗号改为句号。将 he首字母大写即可。译文为：当时我回家了，但是他却留下来参加晚会。12.Speaking before a group of examiners, the girls knees shook badly.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：When the girl spoke before a group of examiners, her knees shook badly.）解析：解析 在 the girls knees shook badly中

37、，不包含 speaking before a group of examiners这个现在分词短语的逻辑主语，从而造成了垂悬。我们可以通过在分词短语前加逻辑主语，或将分词短语扩展成一个状语从句来解决这一问题。13.Mother could not persuade me that giving is as much a joy as to receive.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Mother could not persuade me that giving is as much a joy as receiving./Mother could not persuade

38、me that to give is as much a joy as to receive.）解析：解析 本题属于错误平行结构巾的由关联词引起的并列错误导致的病句。as much as 前后要接同等语法成分，前面为 giving，故后面应为 receiving.如前面为 to give，那么后面应为 to receive.即可。14.Our teacher showed us how to create E-cards on the computer with an encouraging smile.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：With an encouraging sm

39、ile, our teacher showed us how to create E-cards on the computer.）解析：解析 本句中的介词短语 with an encouraging smile置于句尾，会被误认为是 computer的后置定语，但根据句意，它是全句的状语，是典型的错置修饰语。而句首是放置有歧义的状语的最佳位置。15.Economists are applauded or ignored when the economy is strong; are criticized when is weak.（分数：3.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Economis

40、ts are applauded or ignored when the economy is strong; they are criticized when it is weak.）解析：解析 本题中第二句话的主语指示不明确。根据前一句的句意这是在说 economists，同一个主语，在第二次重复出现时，可用代词如 they代替。另外 is weak里的主语也不明确。同样根据前句的意思我们可以看出这是在说当经济衰退时，经济学家们就会被人指责。所以这儿的主语，就是指 economy同样在第二次出现时，我们可以用代词 it来代替。三、B(总题数：3，分数：15.00)16.Choose the

41、 best topic sentence from the group below. Write the letter of your choice in the blank provided. A. Music is an important part of my life. B. When I feel low, music cheers me up. C. I studied music at primary school for six years. D. I am a member of the pop music club of my college. Answer: _（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：A）解析：解析 (1)了解主题句(topic sentence)的特征之后，比较四句，A 句符合主题句的条件，其中music是 subject；an important part of my life 是 controlling idea，有待推展和细节支持。其余的三句的陈述面太小，无法进一步展开，适合做这个段落的推展句。答案为 A。17.Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence. Burnout is a potential problem for any hard