ASTM C1314-2018 Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Masonry Prisms.pdf

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1、Designation: C1314 16C1314 18Standard Test Method forCompressive Strength of Masonry Prisms1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1314; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num

2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers procedures for masonry prism construction and testing, and procedures for determining thecompressive strength of

3、masonry, fmt, used to determine compliance with the specified compressive strength of masonry, f m. Whenthis test method is used for research purposes, the construction and test procedures within serve as a guideline and provide controlparameters.1.2 This test method also covers procedures for deter

4、mining the compressive strength of prisms obtained from field-removedmasonry specimens.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered stand

5、ard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitatio

6、ns prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technica

7、l Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C67C67/C67M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay TileC136C136/C136M Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse AggregatesC140C140/C140M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete Maso

8、nry Units and Related UnitsC143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement ConcreteC144 Specification for Aggregate for Masonry MortarC270 Specification for Mortar for Unit MasonryC476 Specification for Grout for MasonryC780 Test Method for Preconstruction and Construction Evaluation of Mortars

9、 for Plain and Reinforced Unit MasonryC1019 Test Method for Sampling and Testing GroutC1093 Practice for Accreditation of Testing Agencies for MasonryC1180 Terminology of Mortar and Grout for Unit MasonryC1232 Terminology for MasonryC1532C1532/C1532M Practice for Selection, Removal, and Shipment of

10、Manufactured Masonry Units and Masonry Specimensfrom Existing ConstructionC1552 Practice for Capping Concrete Masonry Units, Related Units and Masonry Prisms for Compression TestingC1587C1587/C1587M Practice for Preparation of Field Removed Manufactured Masonry Units and Masonry Specimens forTesting

11、C1716/C1716M Specification for Compression Testing Machine Requirements for Concrete Masonry Units, Related Units, andPrismsE105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibil

12、ity of Subcommittee C15.04 on Research.Current edition approved June 1, 2016Dec. 1, 2018. Published July 2016December 2018. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20142016 asC1314 14.C1314 16. DOI: 10.1520/C1314-16.10.1520/C1314-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theAST

13、M website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an ind

14、ication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be

15、considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1E111 Test Method for Youngs Modulus, Tangent Modulus, and Chord Modulus3. Terminology3.1

16、 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminologies C1180 and C1232.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 seta set consists of at least three prisms constructed of the same material and tested at the same age.3.3 Notations:3.3.1 f mspecifie

17、d compressive strength of masonry.3.3.2 fmtcompressive strength of masonry.3.3.3 hpprism height.3.3.4 tpleast actual lateral dimension of prism.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a means of verifying that masonry materials used in construction result in masonry that meetsthe specif

18、ied compressive strength.4.2 This test method provides a means of evaluating compressive strength characteristics of in-place masonry constructionthrough testing of prisms obtained from that construction when sampled in accordance with Practice C1532C1532/C1532M.Decisions made in preparing such fiel

19、d-removed prisms for testing, determining the net area, and interpreting the results ofcompression tests require professional judgment.4.3 If this test method is used as a guideline for performing research to determine the effects of various prism construction ortest parameters on the compressive st

20、rength of masonry, deviations from this test method shall be reported. Such research prismsshall not be used to verify compliance with a specified compressive strength of masonry.NOTE 1The testing laboratory performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.4.3.1 Appe

21、ndix X2 includes guidance information for the researcher on aspects of materials, construction, and analysis.5. Masonry Prism Construction5.1 Construct prisms of units representative of those used in the construction. If units have projections (see Note 2) that project12 in. (12.5 mm) or more, remov

22、e those projections by saw cutting flush with the surface of the unit at the base of the projection.The resulting units shall be a fully enclosed cell or cells that will ensure a full bearing surface over the net cross-section of theprism. If saw cutting will not result in a fully enclosed cell or c

23、ells, use full-size units, and, if grout is used, grout in accordancewith 5.9.4. If prisms are used for field quality control or assurance, record the location in the structure that corresponds to the setof prisms constructed.NOTE 2Examples of projections include flutes, ribs, and face shells of ope

24、n-ended units.NOTE 3Building codes or project specifications may require a set of prisms for a given square footage of construction. Recording the location of thestructure that corresponds to a set of prisms allows the test results to be attributed to a particular portion of the structure.5.2 Constr

25、uct a set of prisms for each combination of materials and each test age at which the compressive strength of masonryis to be determined.5.3 Build each prism in an opened, moisture-tight bag large enough to enclose and seal the completed prism. Construct prismson a flat, level base. Construct prisms

26、in a location where they will remain undisturbed until transported for testing.5.4 Construct prisms as shown in Fig. 1 with units laid in stack bond in stretcher position. Orient units in the prism as in theFIG. 1 Masonry Prism ConstructionC1314 182corresponding construction. At the time of prism co

27、nstruction, the surfaces of the units shall be free of moisture. Where thecorresponding construction is of multi-wythe masonry having wythes composed of different units or mortar, build prismsrepresentative of each different wythe and test separately.5.5 Build prisms with full-size or reduced length

28、 units. Any required saw cutting shall be performed on units prior to prismconstruction. The moisture content(s) of units used to construct prisms shall be representative of those used in construction. Prismscomposed of units that contain closed cells shall have at least one complete cell with one f

29、ull-width cross web on either end (seeFig. 2). Prisms composed of units without closed cells shall have as symmetrical a cross section as possible. The minimum lengthof prisms shall be 4 in. (100 mm).NOTE 4When using larger masonry units, experience has shown that reducing the length of these units

30、prior to prism construction makes theirhandling and transportation easier. Thus, these reduced length unit prisms are less likely to be damaged and are more likely to be properly capped andtested.Also, the smaller prism will be less likely to be affected by plate bending effects during testing, as d

31、escribed in Note 11, and will therefore providea more accurate assessment of the strength of the materials in the masonry prism. For these reasons, the use of reduced length prisms is encouraged.5.6 Build masonry prisms with full mortar beds (mortar all webs and face shells of hollow units). Use mor

32、tar representative ofthat used in the corresponding construction. Use mortar joint thickness and a method of positioning and aligning units, that arerepresentative of the corresponding construction. Use mortar joints that are cut flush. For prisms to be grouted, remove mortar“fins” that protrude int

33、o the grout space.5.7 Build prisms a minimum of two units high with a height-to-thickness ratio, hp/tp, between 1.3 and 5.0.5.8 Immediately following the construction of the prism, seal the moisture-tight bag around the prism.5.9 Grouted Prisms.5.9.1 If prisms are fabricated for field quality contro

34、l or assurance, build prisms at the same time as the correspondingconstruction, and grout prisms when the corresponding construction is being grouted. If prisms are used for other purposes, groutprisms not less than 4 h nor more than 48 h following the construction of the prisms.NOTE 5Testing of pri

35、sms may be part of a projects field quality control or assurance program. These prisms are intended to be representative of aconstructed masonry element such as a wall, column, pilaster, or beam. They are built as companions to the masonry element at a jobsite where themasonry element is site-constr

36、ucted, or within a factory or shop where the element is shop-built. Prisms may also be fabricated in a laboratory for researchpurposes.5.9.2 If the corresponding construction is to be solidly grouted, solidly grout the prisms. Use grout representative of that usedin the corresponding construction. B

37、efore placing grout, remove mortar droppings from the grout space. Use grout consolidationand reconsolidation procedures representative of those used in the construction. Place additional grout into the prisms as necessaryafter each consolidation. Screed off excess and finish the grout so that it is

38、 level with the top of the prism and in contact with theunits at the perimeter of the grout space. Grouted prisms shall contain no reinforcement.5.9.3 If the corresponding construction is to be partially grouted, construct two sets of prisms; grout one set solid as describedin 5.9.2 and leave the ot

39、her set ungrouted.5.9.4 If open-end units or prisms containing grout between similar wythes are to be grouted, use a rigid impermeable materialas a form to confine the grout during placement on all ends that are open (see Note 6). Brace forms to prevent displacement duringgrouting. Grout as describe

40、d in 5.9.2.FIG. 2 Reduction of Hollow Units Prior to Prism ConstructionC1314 183NOTE 6Satisfactory performance of forming material has been achieved using wood covered with plastic, steel plates, or pieces of rigid acrylic andstrapped or clamped in place. Use of impermeable material is more represen

41、tative of actual construction if grouted open ends are not in contact with websof adjacent units.5.9.5 Immediately following the grouting operation, reseal the moisture-tight bag around the prism.5.10 Keep all prisms from freezing. Do not disturb or move prisms for the first 48 h after construction

42、and grouting. Keep prismsin the moisture-tight bags until 48 h prior to testing.5.11 Store an indicating maximum-minimum thermometer with the sample and record the maximum and minimumtemperatures experienced during the initial 48-h period.6. Obtaining and Transporting Masonry Prisms6.1 For field-rem

43、oved masonry specimens, select and remove specimens in accordance with Practice C1532C1532/C1532M.6.2 Prior to transporting constructed prisms and field-removed masonry specimens, strap or clamp each prism or specimen toprevent damage during handling and transportation. Secure prisms and specimens t

44、o prevent jarring, bouncing, or tipping overduring transporting.6.3 Transport prisms and masonry specimens in accordance with Practice C1532C1532/C1532M.6.4 For field-removed masonry specimens, after the specimens have been transported to the laboratory, obtain prisms from themasonry specimens using

45、 procedures outlined in Practice C1587C1587/C1587M.7. Curing7.1 After the initial 48 h of curing for constructed prisms, maintain the bagged prisms in an area with a temperature of75615F (2468C). Two days prior to testing, remove the moisture-tight bags and continue storing at a temperature of75615F

46、 (2468C) and a relative humidity less than 80 %.7.2 For prisms obtained from field-removed masonry, store within the laboratory at a temperature of 75615F (2468C) anda relative humidity less than 80 % for at least two days prior to testing.7.3 Prisms shall not be oven-dried or otherwise exposed to t

47、emperatures exceeding storage temperature requirements at any timeprior to testing.7.4 Visible moisture shall not be present on the surface of the prisms at the time of testing. Extend storage time as needed toensure dry surface conditions of the prisms at the time of testing.7.5 Test prisms at an a

48、ge of 28 days or at the designated test ages. Test a set of prisms at each age. Prism age shall be determinedfrom the time of laying units for ungrouted prisms, and from the time of grouting for grouted prisms.8. Measurements and Determination of Net Area8.1 Measuring PrismsAs shown in Fig. 3, measu

49、re the length and width at the edges of the top and bottom faces of the prismsto the nearest 0.05 in. (1 mm). Determine the length and width by averaging the four measurements of each dimension. Measurethe height of the prism at the center of each face to the nearest 0.05 in. (1 mm). Determine the height by averaging the fourmeasurements.FIG. 3 Prism Measurement LocationC1314 1848.1.1 For prisms obtained from field-removed masonry specimens, perform additional measurements as needed to document thecondition and dimensions of the specimen.NOTE 7Prisms