ASTM C126-2018 Standard Specification for Ceramic Glazed Structural Clay Facing Tile Facing Brick and Solid Masonry Units.pdf

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1、Designation: C126 17C126 18Standard Specification forCeramic Glazed Structural Clay Facing Tile, Facing Brick,and Solid Masonry Units1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C126; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of r

2、evision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This speci

3、fication covers structural clay load-bearing facing tile and facing brick and other “solid masonry units” made fromclay, shale, fire-clay, or mixtures thereof, with or without the addition of grog or other mixtures, having a finish consisting of aceramic glaze fused to the body at above 1500F (655C)

4、 making them inseparable, excluding natural salt-glazed ware. Twogrades, based on permissible variation in face dimensions, and two types are covered, as follows:1.1.1 Grade S (select), for use with comparatively narrow mortar joints.1.1.2 Grade SS (select sized or ground edge), for use where variat

5、ion of face dimension must be very small.1.1.3 Type I (single-faced units), for general use where only one finished face will be exposed.1.1.4 Type II (two-faced units), for use where two opposite finished faces will be exposed.1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of

6、 purchase. The use of results from testing of brick andtile extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Section 56)of this standard is beyond the scope of this specification.1.3 Brick and tile covered by this specification are manufac

7、tured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances andsubjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between theparticulate constituents to provide the strength requirements of this specification. (See firing and

8、fired bond inTerminology C1232.)1.4 Two grades and two types of ceramic glazed units are covered.1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements o

9、f the standard.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test por

10、tion of this specification. This standard does not purport toaddress all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establishappropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory li

11、mitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization T

12、echnical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C67C67/C67M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay TileC1232 Terminology for MasonryE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building MaterialsE2105 Practice for General Techn

13、iques of Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) Coupled With Infrared Analysis (TGA/IR)1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.02 on Brickand Structural Clay Tile.Current edition approved Dec. 1

14、, 2017Dec. 1, 2018. Published January 2018December 2018. Originally approved in 1936. Last previous edition approved in 20162017as C126 16.C126 17. DOI: 10.1520/C0126-17.10.1520/C0126-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceas

15、tm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becau

16、seit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appear

17、s at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.2 National Fire Protection Association Standard:3NFPA No. 255 Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials2.3 Underwriters Laboratories,

18、Inc. Standard:4UL No. 723 Flammability Studies of Cellular Plastics and other Building Materials used for Interior Finishes3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions relating to ceramic glazed structural clay facing tile, facing brick, and solid masonry units, referto Terminology C1232.4. Classifi

19、cation4.1 GradesGrades classify units according to their permissible variation in face dimensions. Two grades of ceramic glazedfacing tile, brick, and solid masonry units are covered. The requirements are given in Section 7.4.1.1 Grade S (select), for use with comparatively narrow mortar joints.4.1.

20、2 Grade SS (select sized or ground edge), for use where variation of face dimension must be very small.4.1.3 When the grade is not specified, the requirements for Grade S shall govern.4.2 TypesTwo types of ceramic glazed facing tile, brick, and solid masonry units are covered. The requirements are g

21、iven inSection 7.4.2.1 Type I (single-faced units), for general use where only one finished face will be exposed.4.2.2 Type II (two-faced units), for use where two opposite finished faces will be exposed.4.2.3 When the type is not specified, the requirements for Type I shall govern.5. Ordering Infor

22、mation5.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the following information:5.1.1 GradeWhen the grade is not specified, the requirements for Grade S shall govern.5.1.2 TypeWhen the type is not specified, the requirements for Type I shall govern.5.1.3 Sizes and ShapesThe sizes and

23、shapes shall be specified in accordance with Section 6.17.1.5.1.4 Color and Texture of FinishThe color and texture of the finish shall be specified in accordance with Section 7.68.6.5.1.5 Back SurfacesUnless otherwise specified, smooth, scored, combed, or roughened unglazed backs and smooth unselect

24、edglazed backs or a mixture thereof, are furnished. When plaster is to be applied, the back surface shall be specified in accordancewith Section 7.58.5.5.1.6 CoringUnless otherwise specified, either standard or special duty units as prescribed in Section 109 are furnished.5.1.7 OpacityWhere ceramic

25、glazed units are not specified as opaque, they need not meet the requirements for opacityprescribed in 7.4.28.4.2.5.1.8 Exterior UseWhere ceramic glazed units are required for exterior use, the manufacturers shall be consulted for materialsuitable for this purpose.NOTE 1The requirements included in

26、this specification do not cover minimum criteria for durability of units exposed to exterior environments.6. Physical Properties6.1 The compressive strengths (based on gross area) of the units shall be not less than the values prescribed in Table 1.NOTE 2Special duty units may be available from vari

27、ous manufacturers where higher compressive strengths are required.7. Dimensions and Permissible Variations7.1 The face sizes of ceramic glazed units and fittings therefore shall be as specified.NOTE 3The sizes shown in Table 2 are standard in the industry for single-faced units (Type I).7.2 Face Dim

28、ension TolerancesThe total variation in the finished face dimensions of units shall be not more than the valuesshown in Table 3.3 Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.4 Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL)

29、, 333 Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, http:/.TABLE 1 Compressive Strengths of UnitsDirection ofCoringMinimum Average of FiveTests, psi (MPa)Individual Minimum, psi(MPa)VerticalHorizontal3 000 (20.7)2 000 (13.8)2 500 (17.2)1 500 (10.3)C126 1827.3 Bed-Depth Dimension TolerancesThe total vari

30、ation in the bed-depth (through the wall) dimension of units shall be notmore than the value shown in Table 4.7.4 Warpage TolerancesThe maximum permissible deviation of the plane and the edges of the face of individual units froma plane surface and from a straight line, respectively, shall not excee

31、d the value shown in Table 5.NOTE 4When convex units are laid upon a plane surface, the apparent variation is greater than the actual variation from the plane of the unit.TABLE 2 Size of Single-Faced UnitsSeriesDesignationSpecified Face Dimensions Specified Thickness, in. (mm)Height, in. (mm) Length

32、, in. (mm)4S 214 (57.2) 758 (193.7) 134 , 358, 558, or 758 (44.5, 92.1, 142.9, or 193.7)4W 758 (193.7) 758 (193.7) 134 , 358, 558, or 758 (44.5, 92.1, 142.9, or 193.7)6P 358 (92.1) 1158 (295.3) 134 , 358, 558, or 758 (44.5, 92.1, 142.9, or 193.7)6T 5 (127) 111116 (296.9) 134 , 358, 558, or 758 (44.5

33、, 92.1, 142.9, or 193.7)8W 758 (193.7) 1558 (396.9) 134 , 358, 558, or 758 (44.5, 92.1, 142.9, or 193.7)TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Face DimensionsNOTE 1Permissible variations for units having specified dimensionsmore than 14 in. (6.4 mm) greater than shown in this table shall be thesame as fo

34、r the next larger dimension.Specified FaceDimension, Return orReveal (Height,Length), in. (mm)Maximum DifferenceBetween Dimensionof Any Unit andthe Specified DimensionMaximum Differ-ence BetweenLargest and Small-est Unit in OneLot,A in. (mm)If Larger,in. (mm) If Smaller,in. (mm)Grade S Units6 (152.4

35、) and Under 116 (1.6) 332 (2.4) 332 (2.4)Over 6 to 8(152.4 to 203.2)116 (1.6) 18 (3.2) 532 (4.0)Over 8 to 16(203.2 to 406.4)116 (1.6) 532 (4.0) 316 (4.8)Grade SSSelect Sized or Ground-Edge Units OnlyAny dimension 116 (1.6) 116 (1.6) 18 (3.2)ASize of lot shall be determined by agreement between the p

36、urchaser and theseller.TABLE 4 Permissible Variation in Bed Depth DimensionsNOTE 1Permissible variations for units having specified dimensionsmore than 14 in. (6.4 mm) greater than shown in this table shall be thesame as for the next larger dimension.NOTE 2Variation in the bed depth of individual un

37、its is controlled bythe limitations on warpage. The thickness of a unit shall be consideredeither the maximum or minimum thickness, whichever is the farther fromthe specified dimension.Specified Bed DepthDimension (WallThickness), in. (mm)Maximum DifferenceBetween Dimensionof Any Unit andthe Specifi

38、ed DimensionMaximumDifferenceBetweenLargestand SmallestUnit in OneLot, in. (mm)AIf Larger,in. (mm)If Smaller,in. (mm)Type ISingle-Faced Units2 (50.8) and Under 18 (3.2) 18 (3.2) 18 (3.2)Over 2 to 4(50.8 to 101.6)18 (3.2) 316 (4.7) 316 (4.7)Over 4 to 6(101.6 to 152.4)18 (3.2) 14 (6.4) 14 (6.4)Over 6

39、to 8(152.4 to 203.2)18 (3.2) 516 (7.9) 516 (7.9)Type IITwo-Faced Units8 (203.2) and Under 18 (3.2) 18 (3.2) 18 (3.2)ASize of lot shall be determined by agreement between the purchaser and theseller.C126 1838. Finish and Appearance8.1 The body of the units shall be free of cracks or other imperfectio

40、ns which would impair the strength or durability of themasonry.8.2 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller, a delivery of brick or tile shall not contain more than3 % brick or tile that are chipped, cracked or broken.8.3 The finished face (one face of stretcher units and th

41、e finished faces of shapes) that will be exposed when in place shall becovered with a ceramic glaze of uniform quality. The glaze shall be free of chips, crazes, blisters, crawling, or other imperfectionsdetracting from the appearance of the finished wall when viewed from a distance of 5 ft (1.52 m)

42、 under diffused lighting at rightangles from the wall.NOTE 5The purchaser or his authorized representative shall be accorded opportunity for sampling and inspecting units at the place of manufacture,prior to shipment. At least 10 days from the time of sampling should be allowed for completion of the

43、 tests. Unless otherwise specified in the purchaseorder, the cost of tests is typically borne as follows: If the results of the tests show that the brick does not conform to the requirements of this specification,the cost is typically borne by the seller. If the results of the tests show that the br

44、ick does conform to the requirements of this specification, the cost istypically borne by the purchaser.8.4 Properties of Glaze:8.4.1 ImperviousnessAfter the imperviousness test, no stain seen from a distance of 5 ft (1.5 m) shall remain on or beneaththe surface, except a slight discoloration in the

45、 depressions on matt, stippled, or mottled finishes.8.4.2 OpacityWhere opacity of finish is desired and so specified, discoloration of the body shall not be visible through theglaze in the opacity test. Clear ceramic glazes and special decorative glazes shall not be required to meet this requirement

46、.8.4.3 Resistance to FadingThe color of the glaze shall not change in the chemical resistance test. Finishes of metallic orspecial decorative glazes shall not be required to meet this requirement.8.4.4 Resistance to CrazingThe glaze shall not craze, spall, or crack when subjected to one cycle of aut

47、oclaving in the crazingtest.8.4.5 Flame Spread Index (FSI) and Smoke Density Index (SDI)Body and finish shall withstand temperatures up to 1900F(1037.8C) without distortion or melting and rate “non-combustible.” When tested in accordance with the provisions of TestMethod E84, structural facing tile

48、shall measure 0 flame spread index and 0 smoke density index.NOTE 6This test method is similar to that specified in NFPA No. 255 and UL No. 723.8.4.6 FumesUnder thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), in a flowing air atmosphere, weight loss due to release of gases fromthe body and glaze finish shall not

49、exceed 0.2 % of dry weight at temperatures up to 1800F (982.2C).NOTE 7See Practice E2105 for TGA only. TGA test results can be a measure of sample combustibility. Very low weight loss under TGA willdemonstrate non-combustibility coupled with low flame spread index and smoke density index.8.4.7 Scratch Resistance and HardnessGlaze must resist scratching by ordinary glass or steel and be rated above five on theMohs Hardness Scale. Finishes of metallic or special decorati