2019高考英语一轮选训习题Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero（含解析）新人教版必修1.doc

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1、1必修 1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero李仕才一、阅读理解The last thing Caitlin Hipp would have expected as she prepared to turn 28 years old was to be living at home with her parents. All shes ever wanted to do is to become an elementary school teacher. However, Hipp has racked up(累计) $100,000 (about 0.67

2、 million yuan) in student loan debt and isnt able to earn enough through working as a part-time skating instructor and restaurant server to live anywhere other than home.To some degree, multigenerational households have always been a part of American life. However, the number of adults who have been

3、 moving back in with their parents or never leaving home in the first place has been growing steadily.The Pew Research Center recently reported that 2016 was a milestone in the evolving living arrangements of young adults in the US. Until 2016, the most common living arrangement for young adults was

4、 to be living in their own property as part of a couple. UBS Financial Services, a Swiss global financial services company, released a report that even suggests one reason for the growing number of young adults still living at home could be that their family doesnt want them to leave. The report sho

5、ws that 74 percent of millennials(千禧一代) get some kind of financial support from their parents after college. Millennials see their parents as peers, friends and mentors(导师). In return, their parents happily provide financial support well into adulthood, helping fund everything for them. Stuart Hoffm

6、an, chief economist for the PNC Financial Group in the US, said “Although job growth for millennials since 2014 has improved, that doesnt necessarily mean that millennials are starting to fly the nest, he said. “They may like living at home and being able to save money.”He added, “While it has held

7、back household formation and purchases on things, they are probably traveling more and eating out more. I dont know if it represents a change in moral values, its much more common for adult children to live in their parents homes because its becoming part of the culture.”21.Whats the purpose of Cait

8、lin Hipps story?A. To prove the authors view.B. To introduce her situation.C. To present the topic.D. To make readers rethink about the problem.2.What does the underlined part (Paragraph1) probably refer to?A. live with parents B. live independentlyC. stay at home D. leave home3.According to Hoffman

9、, which of the following is true?A. It isnt necessary for millennials to leave the nest.B. They can spend less money on their daily life.C. Moral values are changing gradually.D. Young adults are living in a different life style.4.Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Why is the number of the millen

10、nial growing steadily?B. Why has the percentage of adults living with their parents been on the rise?C. Why are parents willing to help fund for young adults?D. Why do more adults treat their parents as peers, friends and guides?【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在美国，现在和父母同住的年轻人的数量持续增加这一社会现象。1.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“

11、However, the number of adults who have been moving back in with their parents or never leaving home in the first place has been growing steadily.”可知，文章开头举 Caitlin Hipp 的例子就是为了引出本文话题越来越多的美国青年倾向于和父母同住。3.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“its much more common for adult children to live in their parents homes because

12、 its becoming part of the 3culture.”可知，霍夫曼认为现在的年轻人和父母同住是一种很正常的社会现象，这是不同以往的，说明年轻人的生活方式发生了变化。4.B 【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第二段中的“However, the number of adults who have been moving back in with their parents or never leaving home in the first place has been growing steadily”可知，本文主要介绍了在美国，现在和父母同住的年轻人的数量持续增加这一

13、社会现象。二、完形填空We have all heard of giant pandas, and know that they are endangered. When one has babies, it makes national news _1_， and pictures of their babies are _2_ circulated. But it now seems that the giant panda is not _3_ of itself.The lovely animals have _4_ a classic test of selfawareness. T

14、hey cannot _5_ themselves in the mirror. Researchers use the mirror recognition test to _6_ whether children or animals have a _7_ of selfawareness.In the test, an animal is presented _8_ a mirror. Researchers then watch to see _9_ it notices a mark on its face, which is only _10_ in the mirror. If

15、the animal notices the mark, it often _11_ it. Human children often pass the test when they are only two years old.Many other animals have passed the mirror test, including monkeys, Asian elephants and even pigeons. But when researchers tested pandas, _12_ of them did the same thing as those animals

16、 did. _13_， each panda behaved as if their _14_ in the mirror was another panda altogether. They acted as if they were _15_ by what they saw in the mirror, scratching their feet and walking _16_.The _17_ of this research will help design better areas for animals in captivity (圈养). For example, onedi

17、rectional glass sometimes used in the areas may _18_ pandas to feel stressed when they see their own image in the _19_. Thats because they might believe it to be another panda, _20_ themselves.1A.papers BcoversCheadlines Dpages2A.widely Bpopularly Cespecially Dcompletely43A.shy BfondCconscious Dconf

18、ident4A.failed BignoredCfaced Dconducted5A.observe BdiscoverCrecognize Dunderstand6A.believe in Bfind outCpick out Dtake in7A.sense BquestionCopinion Dthought8A.for BwithCin Dbefore9A.how BwhenCwhy Dwhether10A.touchable BseeableCsensible Dpossible11A.dismisses BadmitsCfeels Dmoves12A.all BmostCone D

19、none13A.Thus BHoweverCInstead DStill14A.reaction BreflectionCoperation Dimagination15A.trapped BamazedCthreatened Dteased16A.backwards BaloneCforwards Dalong17A.failure BoutcomeCsuccess Dreview18A.cause BprepareCaccelerate Durge19A.eyes BcagesCzoo Dglass520A.other than Bregardless ofCbecause of Drat

20、her than【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文对大熊猫、儿童还有其他的动物都做了有关自我意识感方面的研究，结果显示大熊猫的自我认知很差，即使照镜子，它们也认不出镜子里的自己。1C 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“and know that they are endangered”可推知，当一个大熊猫有宝宝后，很快就会上国内新闻头条。C 项意为“头条(新闻)” ，符合语境。A 项意为“报纸” ；B 项意为“封面” ；D 项意为“页码” ，均与语境不符。故选 C 项。2A 考查副词辨析。上文提到，当一个大熊猫有宝宝后，很快就会上国内新闻头条；由此可推知，大熊猫宝宝的照片会被广泛传阅。A 项意为“广

21、泛地” ，符合语境。B 项意为“流行地” ；C 项意为“特别地” ；D 项意为“完全地” ，均与语境不符。故选 A 项。3C 考查形容词辨析。根据第二段第一句中的“a classic test of selfawareness”可知，这里指的是现在看起来大熊猫是没有自我意识的。C 项意为“有意识的” ，符合语境。A 项意为“害羞的” ；B 项意为“喜欢的” ；D 项意为“自信的” ，均与语境不符。故选 C 项。4A 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“They cannot. have a _ of selfawareness.”可知，可爱的大熊猫没有通过这种经典的自我意识测试。A 项意为“失败” ，

22、符合语境。B 项意为“忽视” ；C 项意为“面对” ；D 项意为“指挥，引导” ，均与语境不符。故选 A 项。5C 考查动词辨析。根据下文的“Researchers use the mirror recognition.”可知，此处指大熊猫认不出镜子中的自己。C 项意为“辨认出” ，符合语境。A 项意为“观察” ；B 项意为“发现” ；D 项意为“理解” ，均与语境不符。故选 C 项。6B 考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知，此处指研究者的目的是弄清楚孩子或动物是否有自我认知。B 项意为“找到，弄清楚” ，符合语境。A 项意为“相信，信任” ；C 项意为“挑选出” ；D 项意为“吸收，欺骗” ，均

23、与语境不符。故选 B 项。7A 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指自我认知，是一种感觉。A 项意为“感觉” ，a sense of 为固定搭配，意为“一种感” ，符合语境。B 项意为“问题” ；C 项意为“观点” ；D 项意为“想法” ，均与语境不符。故选 A 项。8B 考查介词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指在实验中，动物在镜子中呈现出来。表示使用某种工具，应用介词 with。9D 考查连词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指研究者想观察大熊猫是否能注意到它脸上的记号。故选 D 项。10B 考查形容词辨析。根据常识可知，在自己脸上的标记，只有在镜子中才能看到。B 项意为“可见的” ，符合语境。A 项意为“可

24、触摸的” ；C 项意为“可觉察的” ；D 项意为6“可能的” ，均与语境不符。故选 B 项。11C 考查动词辨析。根据下文的“Many other animals have passed the mirror test”可知，此处指如果动物注意到脸上的标记，它会感受到这个标记的。C 项意为“感受，感觉” ，符合语境。A 项意为“解雇，解散” ；B 项意为“承认” ；D 项意为“移动” ，均与语境不符。故选 C 项。12D 考查代词辨析。根据上文及转折词“but”可知，此处指没有一只大熊猫像其他动物一样能感受到脸上的标记。故选 D 项。13C 考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指“相反，每一只大熊

25、猫表现得就像镜子里的影像是其他大熊猫” 。C 项意为“代替，而不是” ，符合语境。A 项意为“因此” ；B 项意为“然而” ；D 项意为“仍然” ，均与语境不符。故选 C 项。14B 考查名词辨析。根据常识可知，镜子中应是映照出的影像。B 项意为“映像，倒影” ，符合语境。A 项意为“反应” ；C 项意为“操作，手术” ；D 项意为“想象” 。均与语境不符。故选 B 项。15C 考查动词辨析。根据下文中熊猫的反应可知，熊猫表现出好像受到镜子中“自己”的威胁。C 项意为“威胁” ，符合语境。A 项意为“使陷入困境，卡住” ；B 项意为“使惊讶” ；D 项意为“取笑，戏弄” ，均与语境不符。故选

26、C 项。16A 考查副词辨析。根据常识可知，害怕会向后退。A 项意为“向后” ，符合语境。B 项意为“独自地” ；C 项意为“向前” ；D 项意为“一起，沿着” ，均与语境不符。故选 A项。17B 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指研究的结果。B 项意为“结果” ，符合语境。A 项意为“失败” ；C 项意为“成功” ；D 项意为“复习” ，均与语境不符。故选 B 项。18A 考查动词辨析。由语境可知，此处指可以成像的玻璃会让大熊猫感到有压力。cause sb. to do sth. 意为“导致某人做某事” ，符合语境。B 项意为“准备” ；C 项意为“加速” ；D 项意为“督促” ，均与语境不

27、符。故选 A 项。19D 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“onedirectional glass”可知，glass 符合语境。故选 D 项。20D 考查介词短语辨析。由语境可知，此处指这就是因为大熊猫相信镜子里是别的大熊猫而不是自己。D 项意为“而不是” ，符合语境。A 项意为“除了” ；B 项意为“不管” ；C 项意为“因为” ，均与语境不符。故选 D 项。三、七选五(2018合肥市高三调研性检测)How to Set Goals7Whether you have small dreams or high expectations, setting goals allows you to pl

28、an how you want to move through life. Some achievements can take a lifetime to attain, while others can be completed in a day. _1_ Determine your life goals. Ask yourself some important questions about what you want for your life. What do you want to achieve today, in a year, and in your lifetime? T

29、he answers to this question can be as general as “I want to be happy” or “I want to help people”. _2_ Set specific goals. Be specific and realistic about what it is that you want to achieve. Research shows that setting a specific goal makes you more likely to achieve it. _3_ For example, “Be healthi

30、er” is too big and vague to be a helpful goal. “I want to eat more vegetables, and I want to run a marathon” is better. Write out your goals. Be detailed, be clear, and include your steps. _4_ Keep your list in a place where you can get informed frequently. This will help keep you motivated. _5_ You

31、 may find yourself set in your ways concerning broad life goals, but take the time to reevaluate your smaller goals. Are you accomplishing them according to your timeline? Are they still necessary to keep you on track towards your larger life goals? Allow yourself the flexibility to make some small

32、changes to your goals.AAdjust your goals.BTrack and measure your progress.CHaving deadlines will keep you motivated.DConsider what you hope to achieve in 10, 15, or 20 years.EHere are some important ideas that you may find helpful.FWriting them down tends to make them become a little more real.GReme

33、mber that you may need to break large goals into smaller goals.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了设定目标的四种方法。1答案与解析：E根据空处所在位置可知，空处承上启下；结合下文各段的主题句可知，空处引出设定目标的有用方法，故 E 项符合语境。2答案与解析：D根据该段的主题句“Determine your life goals.”可知，该段主要建议“确定你的终身目标” ；据此可知，该目标属于长期目标，故 D 项符合语境。3答案与解析：G 根据下文中的“For example, Be healthier is too big

34、and vague to be a helpful goal. I want to eat more vegetables, and I want to 8run a marathon is better”可知，该处举例说明要把大目标分解成小目标，故 G 项符合语境。4答案与解析：F 根据该段的主题句“Write out your goals.”可知，要写下你的目标；据此可以判断，空处解释“写下目标”的原因，故 F 项符合语境。5答案与解析：A 根据空处所在位置可知，空处是该段的主题句；结合该段内容尤其是该段尾句“Allow yourself the flexibility to make s

35、ome small changes to your goals.”可知，该段主要讲可以灵活地对你的目标做一些改变，故 A 项符合语境。四、书面表达【2018 广东高考选练】书面表达 （满分 25 分）假定你是某中学生英语报的小记者, 以下漫画内容是你的所见所闻,谙根据要求写一篇英语短文投稿。内容要求：1.描述漫画内容； 2.发表个人感想注意：1. 短文标题与开头已给出,不计入总词数；2. 考生可适当发挥，使文章内容充实、连贯3. 词数 120 左右;4. 文中不能出现考生的具体信息。 参考词汇:告示牌 signMind Your Behavior in Public PlacesLast Su

36、nday, I went sightseeing with my friends in the Fairy Lake Park. 9【参考范文】书面表达（25 分）：One Possible Version:Mind Your Behavior in Public PlacesLast Sunday, I went sightseeing with my friends in the Fairy Lake Park. The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring, with the sun shining and birds singi

37、ng. When I was enjoying the fantastic scenery around, something unpleasant caught my eye. A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world. Whats worse, they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake, totally ignoring the noticeable sign

38、“No Littering“ nearby. What a shame! Such behavior left me deep in thought. If all visitors to the Fairy Lake Park do as the couple did, the lake will be severely polluted and soon turned into a huge dustbin. I think all of us should mind our behavior in public places. Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.