（通用版）2019中考英语二轮复习动词讲义.doc

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1、1动词学员姓名： 年 级： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：授课日期 授课时段授课主题 动词 教学内容课前回顾知识梳理知识点 1：动词I. 动词的定义： 动词是表示动作或状态的词。 例如： work，工作 , study，学习，eat 吃。 II. 动词的分类：1) 限定动词：限定动词在句中作谓语，有人称和数的变化。2) 非限定动词：有动词不定式，动名词和分词三种。在句中不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化。3) 实义动词：有完整的词 义，并能单独作谓语，实义动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。例如：study 学习,reach 到达, see 看见, rise 升起。4）连系动词: 在句中作谓语动词，

2、后面跟表语。连系动词有 be, seem, look, become, get, grow, feel。5) 助动词: 只能和主要动词一起构成各种时态，语态和语气等动词形式。例如：do, shall, will, have, has. 6) 情态动词: 表示能力，义务，必要，猜测等说话人的语气或情态。情态动词只能和动词原形 一起构成谓语动词。情态动词有 can, will, have, be, should, do, would, 等Can/ may/ must 用法概览 情态动词 许可 猜测 其他can 可以 / 表能力， “能够，会”be able tocant 不可以 不可能 表示不能做

3、，能力的缺失may 可以 可能 表祝愿2May you be happy!must / 一定 表义务，必须have tomustnt 不可以，禁止 / /随堂练习：1. You _ lose your way if you walk alone in the mountains at night.A. may B. need C. should D. ought to 2. For our safety, we _ drive cars after drinking any wines.A) cant B) neednt C) shouldnt D) mustnt3. Can you spea

4、k louder, please? I _ hear you clearly. A. mustnt B. shouldnt C. neednt D. cant4. Passengers _ stay seated during the take-off and landing.A) can B) may C) should D) must5. Computers _solve many difficult problems quickly.A) can B) must C) need D) should 6. It _ be fantastic if more students join in

5、 the charity show tomorrow. A must B need C can D may关于问答句Can I? Yes, you can/ may.No, you cant/mustnt.May I? 同上Must I? Yes, you must.No, you neednt.= No, you dont have to.随堂练习：1.-Mum, can you buy me the new iPad after the High School Entrance Examination?- Im afraid I _, dear. We are short of money

6、 now. 3A cant B mustnt C shouldnt D neednt2. -Must we finish the poster in class?-No, you _ . You can finish it after class.AMustnt B. neednt C. shouldnt D. cant关于 need 的考点情态动词：need do 行为动词：need to do，need sth.1. Plants and flowers _ water and sun when they start growing. A. need to B. dont need C.

7、neednt D. need2. There is still quite a lot of meat in the fridge, so you _ buy any more.A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. shouldnt3. The weather report says it wont rain this afternoon, so you_take an umbrella with you.A) shouldnt B) mustnt C) cant D) neednt随堂练习：1. Passengers _ stay seated during the

8、take-off and landing.A) can B) may C) should D) must2. Millie _ come to attend your birthday party tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.A) may B) must C) need D) has to3. Computers _solve many difficult problems quickly.A) can B) must C) need D) should 4. Some Americans think if students chew gum（咀嚼口香

9、糖）in class, they _ focus on their study. A) may not B) neednt C) shouldnt D) mustnt5. There is still quite a lot of meat in the fridge, so you _ buy any more. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. shouldnt6. The weather report says it wont rain this afternoon, so you take an umbrella with you.4A) shouldnt

10、B) mustnt C) cant D) neednt7. Cathy has to do the same thing every day. She _ be very bored with her job.A) can B) need C) should D) must8. The manager says theres no hot water after 8:00p.m. You mean we _ go to bed without a shower. How terrible!A) have to B) may C) must D) can9. You _ watch sports

11、 news for a while if you have finished your homework.A) must B) need C) should D) may10. On School Open Day, parents _ know how colorful their kids school life is. A) should B) can C) must D) need11. For our safety, we _ drive cars after drinking any wines.A) cant B) neednt C) shouldnt D) mustnt12.P

12、lants and flowers _ water and sun when they start growing. A. need to B. dont need C. neednt D. need13. You have already tried your best, so you _ worry too much about the exams. A. cant B. neednt C. mustnt D. shouldnt14. Only you _ do such a thing, Im sure, and nobody else has such an ability. A. m

13、ust B. should C. may D. can15. You _ worry about your son. He can take care of himself. A. cant B. may not C. mustnt D. neednt16 -Mum, will you buy me the new iPad after the High School Entrance Examination?- Im afraid I _, dear. We are short of money now. A cant Bmustnt C shouldnt D neednt17. It _

14、be fantastic if more students join in the charity show tomorrow. A must B need C can D may18. Nowadays even a small personal computer _ store huge amounts of information. A. must B. need C. should D. can19. Every citizen _ try his best to protect our environment. Its our duty.A. need B. must C. can

15、D. may520. -Must we finish the poster in class?-No, you _. You can finish it after class. AMustnt B. neednt C. shouldnt D. cant21. Christy has been in China for two years, but she still _ speak Chinese. A. neednt B. cant C. mustnt D. shouldnt22. Tom, you mustnt play with fire. You hurt yourself if y

16、ou dont stop. A. may B. can C. should D. need to23. You _ wash your car at the moment. Its going to rain. A. neednt B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. cant24. Can you speak louder, please? I _ hear you clearly. A. mustnt B. shouldnt C. neednt D. cantKeys: DAAAB DDADB DDBDD AADBB BAAD非谓语动词非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infin

17、itive） ；动名词（the Gerund） ；现在分词（the Present Participle） ；过去分词（the Past Participle） 。初中阶段需要掌握的主要是动名词和不定式的固定搭配，及使动用法的词现在分词和过去分词的用法差别。固定搭配：1) enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事2) keep /keep on /carry on doing sth. 继续做某事3) feel like doing sth. 想要做某事4) practice doing sth. 练习作某事5) give up doing sth. 放弃作某事6) be good at/

18、 do well in doing sth. 擅长作某事7) pay attention to doing sth. 注意作某事8) what about/ how about doing sth.怎么样(好吗)?9) Thank you for doing sth. 为感谢某人10) mind doing sth. 介意做某事11) be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth. 被用来做某事612) spend (in) doing sth. 花时间作某时13) be busy doing/ with sth. 忙于作某事14) finish doin

19、g sth. 做完某事15) look forward to doing. 盼望做某事16) prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢胜过17) be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事18) keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事省略动词不定式的短语作宾补1) 一感、两听、三让、四看、半帮助see/ hear/ feel/ notice/watch/ look at /listen to sb. do sth. 看见/听见/感觉/注意某人作某事I heard her sing in

20、the next room last night. （指事情过程，已经发生过了）I heard her singing in her room when I passed by. （指事情正在发生）make /let /have sb. do sth. 使/让某人做某事help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事2) had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事3) Why dont you/ not do sth.为什么不作某事同义词比较1、stop to do sth. 停下正在做的事去做另一件事stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事2、forg

21、et / remember to do sth. 忘记/记得要去作某事forget / remember doing sth. 忘记/记得曾经做过某事3、used to do sth. 过去常常作某事be used to do sth. 被用来作某事be used to doing sth. 习惯于作某事4、like /love doing sth. 喜欢做某事，抽象概念like/love to do sth. 想要做某事，不一定是喜欢5、v. ing 与 v. ed 用法：7分词做表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词做表语，一种是过去分词做表语，这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。一般来说，表示心理

22、状态的动词如 excite， interest 等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动” ， “高兴” ，而是“使激动” 、 “使高兴” ，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的” 、 “令人高兴的” ，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的” 。所以，凡表示“令人的”都是-ing 形式，凡是表示“感到”都用-ed 形式。换句话说，若人对感兴趣，就是 somebody is interested in.,若人/物本身有兴趣时，就是说 sb./sth. is interesting.这类词常见的有：interesting 使人感到高兴-interested 感到高兴的exciting 令人激动的-exci

23、ted 感到激动的delighting 令人高兴的-delighted 感到高兴的disappointing 令人失望的-disappointed 感到失望的encouraging 令人鼓舞的-encouraged 感到鼓舞的pleasing 令人愉快的-pleased 感到愉快的puzzling 令人费解的-puzzled 感到费解的satisfying 令人满意的-satisfied 感到满意的surprising 令人惊异的-surprised 感到惊异的worrying 令人担心的-worried 感到担心 的Travelling is interesting but tiring旅行

24、是有趣的，但是使人疲劳。The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much如果要学生学得太多，他们会感到糊涂的。The argument is very convincing他的论点很令人信服。They were very excited at the news听到这个消息，他们非常激动。III. 动词的基本形式：英语动词有四种基本形式：动词原形，过去式，过去分词和现在分词。这四种动词形式和助动词一起构成动词的时态，语态和语气。 1) 动词的原形。就是词典中所给的形式。例如：be, have, buy, sit. 2)

25、 动词过去式和过去分词的构成有规则的和不规则的两种形式。规则动词的过去式和过去分词，由在原形动词的后面加词尾 -ed 构成。例如：work - worked - worked. 不规则动词的过去式和过去分词的形式是不规则的，须要一一记忆。 例如：go - went - gone, do - did - done.3) 动词的现在分词由动词原形加 -ing 构成。构成方法如下： 8a）一般情况在动词原形后加 -ing 。例如：go-going stand-standing b）以不发音的 e 结尾的动词，去掉 e ，再加 -ing. 动词是闭音节的单音节词，或是以重读闭音节结尾的多音节词，而末尾

26、只有一辅音字母时，这个辅音字母须双写，然后再加 ing。例如：arrive- arriving get- getting.c）少数几个以 -ie 结尾的动词，须将 ie 变成 y ，再加 ing. 例如：die-dying lie-lying。 随堂练习：中考题1.As we all know, its not polite to keep others _for a long time. （2011 上海中考）A.wait B. waited C. to wait D. waiting2.You had better_ because you have to drive back home.

27、 （2011 上海中考）A. not drinking B. not drink C.dont drink D. not to drink3. Before going to the History Museum, our teacher told us _ the public rules. （2010 上海中考）A. obey B. to obey C. obeying D. obeyed4. The woman feels that she should let her son _his own decision this time. （2009 上海中考）A.makes B.make

28、C.to make D.making5. Susan finally became a popular singer after he practiced _for years. （2009 上海中考）A.sing B.to sing C.singing D.sang6. Our headmaster asked us _ a report on how to protect wild animals. （2008 上海中考）A. write B. writing C. to write D. wrote 7.Wed better _ off our mobile phones. The me

29、et will start in a minute. A. to turn B. turning C. turn D. turned 8. What are you going to do when you finish _the room?A) to clean B)cleaning C)clean D)cleaned9. Well make laws_ our environment.10. A) protected B) protecting C) to protect D) protect10. My little brother hopes the film Dad, Where a

30、re We Going, though he has seen it twice.A) to see B) see C) to seeing D) saw911. While in college, Mike never minded extra work for his class. A) to do B) doing C) do D) did12. To live a green life, we try _ more energy and produce less pollution.A. to save B. save C. saves D. saved 13. Mr. White s

31、pent about one hour and a half _ the accident report yesterday evening.A. write B. written C. writing D. to write14. Children are often warned _ the fire.A) not to play B) to play C) dont play D) doesnt play 15. Wed rather _ some books instead of playing computer games.A) read B) to read C) reading

32、D) reads课堂小结课后复习1. Linda and her mother are busy_ the necessary things into their suitcases.A) pack B) packing C) packed D) to pack2. Even in the police station, the thief still denied _ the girls wallet from her pocket.A) steal B) stole C) stealing D) to steal3. All of the teachers and students hop

33、e _a successful result in the project.A) have B)to have C)have D)having4. All the people were amazed that the girl could keep _ for hours.A) turn B) turning C) to turn D) turned 5. In order to have a good sleep, you should let your body_.A) relax B)relaxes C)to relax D)relaxing6. You had better_with

34、 her about the colour and the size of the furniture.A) discussed B) discussing C) to discuss D).discuss107. It is not easy for the Chinese _for a Visa(签证)to the USA.A. apply B. to apply C. applying D. applied8. Ill invite you to my new flat as soon as I finish _it.A. decorating B. decorate C. to dec

35、orate D. decorated9. If I cant finish _my homework now, Ill go on with it after supper.A. do B. doing C. did D. to do10. Nowadays most of the Chinese have decided _ a trip to Malaysia.A. dont take B. not to take C. not take D. wont take 11. During the summer holidays, the girl practised _ the piano for three hours every day.A. play B. plays C. to play D. playing