SAE ARP 4102 4-1988 Flight Deck Alerting System (FAS)《驾驶舱报警系统》.pdf

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1、AEROSPACE RECOMMENDED PRACTICEARP4102/4Issued 1988-07Reaffirmed 2007-07Flight Deck Alerting System (FAS)FOREWORDChanges in this reaffirm are format/editorial only.1. SCOPE:1.1 This document recommends design criteria for the Flight Deck Alerting System. The FAS shall enhance safety of flight by prov

2、iding early crew recognition of aircraft system or component status or malfunction as well as of crew operational error. The FAS, therefore, relates to aircraft configuration and flight phase as well as the aircraft systems. To fulfill this objective, the FAS must attract the attention of the crew,

3、must state with clarity the nature and location of the problem, and must be highly reliable and thoroughly responsive to the operational requirements and environment. Wherever possible, it should provide guidance as to the corrective action.2. REFERENCES:2.1 Documentation:This annex should be used i

4、n conjunction with the ARP4102 Core Document. The following documents may also be applicable:- SAE S-7 ARP4101, Flight Deck Layout and Facilities- SAE S-7 ARP4102/7, Electronic Displays- ARINC 726, Flight Warning Computer SystemRATIONALE This document has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE 5-Yea

5、r Review policy. SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringemen

6、t arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2007 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of thi

7、s publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-497

8、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE ARP4102/4 - 2 -2.2 Definitions:The FAS shall consist of the LEVELS of alerts as defined by Table 1 and shall consider the Flight Phases according to ARINC 726.2.2.1 Warning (Level 3): This correspo

9、nds to an emergency situation, such as:- aircraft/systems in hazardous configuration- serious system failures2.2.2 Caution (Level 2): This corresponds to an abnormal situation, such as:- System malfunction/failures which have no immediate impact on safety2.2.3 Advisory (Level 1): This corresponds to

10、 a recognition situation such as:- System malfunction/failures leading to a loss of redundancy or degradation of a system2.2.4 Information (Level 0): This corresponds to an information situation.2.2.5 Priorities: Level 3 has priority over Level 2 which has priority over Level 1 which has priority ov

11、er Level 0.2.2.6 Flight Phase: The alerts shall be adapted to the Flight Phase according to ARINC 726. Alerts that are unrelated to a specific flight phase shall not be inhibited or downgraded.3. OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS:3.1 General:3.1.1 A master aural attention-getting sound (ATTENSON) shall be pr

12、ovided for alerting levels 1, 2, and 3, except as provided in 3.2.2 and Table 1. An additional master visual alert is optional. (MASTER WARNING, MASTER CAUTION)3.1.2 One or more alphanumeric displays shall be provided. All alerts shall be accompanied by an explanatory message on the display.3.1.3 Th

13、e system shall contain provisions to establish suitable priorities, vary level of urgency and to inhibit alerts depending on the flight phase and current aircraft conditions and configuration.3.1.4 Indications shall be automatically cleared from the system when fault conditions no longer exist.3.1.5

14、 Capability to cancel visual displays of uncorrected faults and to recall such cancelled displays shall be provided except for those LEVEL 3 alerts which are not cancellable.SAE ARP4102/4 - 3 -3.1.6 The system should avoid unnecessary alerts following an intentional action such as engine shutdown.3.

15、1.7 The system should be designed to eliminate nuisance alerts.3.1.8 The system should have the capability of varying the urgency level of a given alert depending on the flight phase and current aircraft conditions and configuration.3.1.9 The system shall accept new alerts with a minimum of change.3

16、.2 Functional Requirements:The fundamental characteristics of the FAS are described in Table 1.3.2.1 Aural Alerts (ATTENSON): ATTENSON is a coined word intended to denote a unique sound selected for its “attention-getting” capability. The sound will be “unique” in that there shall be no similar soun

17、d in the flight deck. A chime is one example.3.2.1.1 The ATTENSON shall be an effective but non-irritating sound.3.2.1.2 The ATTENSON shall apply to Alerting Levels 1 (optional), 2, and 3, and shall clearly announce the level by suitable means (for example, by means of one, two, or three repetitions

18、, or by otherwise modifying the sound).3.2.1.3 The ATTENSON should emanate from the flight deck speakers and the crew headsets.3.2.1.4 The ATTENSON or discrete aural alerts shall be self-cancelling after one cycle when followed by a voice alert message. The ATTENSON shall be self-cancelling after on

19、e or more cycles for all other conditions. Self-cancellation is interpreted to include cancellation by correction of the fault.3.2.1.5 The ATTENSON shall not activate when the display is recalled.3.2.1.6 Automatic volume adjustment shall be provided to maintain ATTENSON volume at an appropriate leve

20、l relative to flight deck ambient sound.3.2.2 Discrete Aural Alerts: It is considered that the ATTENSON, together with a display (and possibly a voice alert message), provide a warning superior to that of discrete aural alerts. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that discrete aural alerts are kep

21、t to the minimum. If, however, familiarity and/or usage should make desirable the use of certain discrete aural alerts, they shall be limited to a maximum of four and shall meet international standards.3.2.2.1 Discrete aural alerts shall not be preceded by an ATTENSON.3.2.2.2 Stick shaker noise shal

22、l not be combined with the ATTENSON.SAE ARP4102/4 - 4 -3.2.3 Voice Alert Messages: A Voice Alert Message may be employed to supplement the aural alert and the display for Level 3 time-critical alerts.3.2.3.1 Voice alert messages should be preceded by the appropriate aural alert.3.2.3.2 Voice alert m

23、essages should be easily differentiated from normal radio communication, e.g., characteristic synthetic voice, etc.3.2.3.3 Voice alert messages should consist of short phrases or polysyllabic words proven to be easily recognizable in the flight deck environment.3.2.3.4 Voice alert messages should be

24、 consistent with the readout on the alphanumeric visual display.3.2.3.5 Voice alert messages should employ commonly used aviation terminology.3.2.3.6 Automatic volume adjustment shall be provided to maintain voice alert message volume at an appropriate level relative to flight deck ambient sound.3.2

25、.3.7 Voice alert messages for Level 3 shall be cancelled only by correction of the associated fault except where manual cancellation or self-cancellation after a period of time is found to be desirable.3.2.4 Tactile Warning: Tactile warnings alone are not recommended. A tactile warning supplemented

26、by aural and visual alerts, as described in Table 1, is considered acceptable.4. PANELS:4.1 The location of the FAS control panel shall be such that it is visible and accessible to both pilots when the seat is at the position that will locate the eyes at the design eye position (DEP).5. CONTROLS:5.1

27、 The FAS control panel, if provided, shall include all controls necessary for the operation of the system.6. DISPLAYS:6.1 FAS Visual Display:Visual indications shall include the FAS Visual Display, Alerting Lights or Electronic Displays.6.1.1 The FAS Display shall be alphanumeric and should be locat

28、ed on the forward instrument panel clearly visible to each pilot and, if applicable, also to the third crew member.SAE ARP4102/4 - 5 -6.1.2 If the function of the FAS Visual Display is to direct attention to an indicator or control device at another location, a supplementary indication shall be prov

29、ided at that location.6.1.3 Color coding is required for the FAS Display to annunciate the alert level.6.1.4 The FAS Display shall be used for Levels 3, 2, and 1. However, selected Level 0 (Zero) information may be displayed.6.1.5 Alphanumeric readouts shall be self-cancelling for corrected faults.6

30、.1.6 A dimming feature shall not be capable of completely shutting off the light to the FAS Display and/or remotely located indications.6.2 Visual Alerts:May consist of lights, warning flags, electronic displays. For flight instrument indications, total removal of the pertinent display constitutes a

31、n acceptable visual alert.6.2.1 Alerting Lights: An independent light system shall be provided for each individual system or function to be monitored. Alerting lights shall be within the control device, or shall be located in close proximity to the indicator or control device.6.2.2 Intensity Control

32、: The dimming feature when used may be accomplished either electrically or mechanically. If a switch is used, the switch motion shall comply with the requirements of ARP4102, paragraph 5, Controls.6.2.3 Alerting Lights (other than electronic displays): Shall be of the multiple bulb type so that fail

33、ure of a single bulb shall not result in an inoperative signal. A means shall be provided within the device so that it is obvious to the crew when one of the bulbs has failed. If light covers with nomenclature are used, it must be impossible to transpose these covers on to improper locations.6.2.4 L

34、ight Testing: Provisions for testing alerting lights in an efficient manner shall be provided. The test circuit shall be such that a short or failure of a bulb(s), bulb socket, or switch device shall in no way create or cause malfunction in the system in which such a light is used.6.2.5 Bulb Replace

35、ment Method and Safety: Provision shall be made for rapid and convenient bulb replacement from the front of a panel or control device, preferably without the use of tools and with power applied.6.2.6 Flags: When flight instrument flags are used, they should obscure the function indications for which

36、 the alert is pertinent. If this is not possible, the flag shall be not less than 6 mm (1/4 inch) in width, nor less than 160 sq mm (1/4 sq inch) in area. Where they are so used, the flag signal shall be an integral part of the instrument or device.SAE ARP4102/4 - 6 -6.2.7 Flag Color: Where flags ar

37、e used internally in instruments, the color should be red or yellow as required for the alerting level with black wording thereon. If wording is not required, the yellow flag may have black diagonal stripes applied.PREPARED BY SAE COMMITTEE S-7,FLIGHT DECK AND HANDLING QUALITIES STANDARDS FOR TRANSPORT AIRCRAFTSAE ARP4102/4 - 7 -TABLE 1 - Fundamental Characteristics of a Flight Deck Alerting System