SAE ARP 4101-1988 Flight Deck Layout and Facilities《驾驶舱的布置和设施》.pdf

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1、SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirelyvoluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefro

2、m, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2003 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be

3、reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)Fax: 724

4、-776-0790Email: custsvcsae.orgSAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgAEROSPACE RECOMMENDED PRACTICEARP4101Issued 1988-07Reaffirmed 2003-02Flight Deck Layout and Facilities1. SCOPE:This document recommends criteria for the layout and for the design, installation, and operation of flight deck facilities fo

5、r transport aircraft.2. REFERENCES:2.1 Documentation:- SAE S-7 ARP4101, Flight Deck Layout and Facilities, Annexes- SAE S-7 ARP4102, Flight Deck Panels, Controls and Displays- SAE S-7 ARP4105, Nomenclature and Abbreviations for Use on the Flight Deck2.2 Definitions:2.2.1 Seat Reference Point: The in

6、tersection of a line tangential to the surface of the seat bottom cushion with a line through the seat back cushion, when both cushions are compressed by the weight of a 50th percentile person. The line tangent to the seat bottom should be horizontal (Fig. 1) (see ARP4101/1, Fig. 1).2.2.2 Design Eye

7、 Position: A point fixed in relation to the aircraft structure (seat reference point) at which the pilot should be located when he is seated at the normal position. The DEP is the principal dimensional reference point for the location of flight deck panels, controls, displays and external vision (Fi

8、g. 1) (see ARP4101/1, Fig. 1 and ARP4102, paragraph 2.2.1).2.2.3 Accessible: Within the reach of a crew member whose lap belt is on, shoulder harness is unlocked and whose seat is at the position which locates his eyes at the DEP.2.2.4 Primary Controls: Those controls which are essential for the ope

9、ration of the aircraft and, hence, must be readily accessible to the crew.SAE ARP4101 - 2 -3. OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS:3.1 Layout:The layout of the flight deck shall be designed to ensure:- accommodation of pilots ranging in size from 5 ft 2 in to 6 ft 3 in height (157.5 cm to 190.5 cm)- accessibili

10、ty of controls, in agreement with ARP4102Fig. 1 shows location, travel and adjustment of primary controls in relation to the design eye position- maximum freedom of movement of arms and legs to enable the crew to exercise their limbs in flight3.2 Facilities:3.2.1 Seats: The number of seats is determ

11、ined by the minimum crew and flight observer requirements. ARP4101/1 recommends criteria for seats for the flight crew. The position, comfort and adjustments of an observers seat shall be compatible with the intended function of the observer. The first observer seat position shall allow to see at le

12、ast one set of primary flight instruments, to have acceptable forward external vision during approach and landing, and to provide comfort that allows for the duration of the flight leg.3.2.2 Document Stowage: Documents which are essential to flight operation shall have stowage which:- is within easy

13、 reach of the pilots- has sufficient volume to avoid damaging documents or jamming within the stowage container- shall restrain the documents in turbulent conditions3.2.3 Bags: Space shall be provided for- Navigation bags, located between the pilots seats and side-walls: 46L x 35H x 25W cms (18 x 14

14、 x 10 inches). Space shall be available for a third navigation bag.- Personal bags, located in the flight deck area behind the crew seats: 45L x 30H x 25W cms (18 x 12 x 10 inches). There shall be a personal bag stowage for each flight deck crew seat.All stowages shall have restraint devices which d

15、o not prevent ready accessibility.3.2.4 Coats and Hats: Space and attachments shall be provided to stow a jacket, a raincoat and a hat for each crew member.3.2.5 Writing Equipment: A convenient writing surface and adjacent stowage with immediate access for a pen shall be provided for each pilot.SAE

16、ARP4101 - 3 -3.2.6 Waste: A receptacle shall be provided to contain normal flight crew waste material such as paper, cups, cans, etc. The receptacle shall not obstruct entry or exit from the flight deck or access to crew seats and shall be:- within easy reach of the flight crew.- designed to minimiz

17、e spillage.- easy to clean.3.2.7 Cupholders: Cupholders shall be provided within easy reach for all seats. The position or construction of the holder shall be such that the contents of the cup are not spilled over equipment or essential documents in turbulent conditions, or when stowing or removing

18、the cup.3.2.8 Ashtrays: An ashtray shall be installable at each crew seat. The position and installation shall be such that the probability of ash spillage is remote. Ashtrays shall be easily removable for cleaning purposes and shall not be stowed adjacent to oxygen equipment.3.2.9 Rest Facilities:

19、If, for long range aircraft, rest facilities are provided, they shall comply with the following:- sufficient airflow shall guarantee proper ventilation without causing uncomfortable draft.- the area shall be free of noise which is generated from normal activities in adjacent flight deck- and cabin-

20、areas.- it shall be possible to darken the area completely.- it shall be possible to receive messages from the active flight crew which are related to flight-safety (no-smoking/fasten seatbelt, intercommunication speakers).3.3 Detail Design Features:3.3.1 General: The flight deck shall be designed t

21、o eliminate potential causes of crew distraction and disturbance during flight. The following are typical examples:- Interference caused by trailing electrical leads for headsets and hand microphones.- Collision of hands during simultaneous operation of adjacent but inadequately separated controls,

22、e.g., flaps and power levers.- Audio disturbance from different sources, e.g., speakers.- Visual distraction from unwanted light sources, e.g., cabin light entering the flight deck when the flight deck door is opened at night.3.3.2 Sealing: All flight deck space shall be sealed to prevent the loss o

23、f essential papers, pencils, etc., during flight; e.g., forward glareshield, rudder pedal- and throttle quadrant- area. It shall not be possible for loose objects to restrict or jam the operation of any primary or secondary controls.SAE ARP4101 - 4 -3.3.3 Floor: The flight deck floor shall be covere

24、d with a slip-proof and easily-cleaned material. When rails are installed to track observers or flight engineers seats, they shall be flush mounted. All track mounted seats should incorporate means to avoid trapping objects that could cause a jammed seat. The floor area between the aft flight deck w

25、all and the pilots seat shall be flat and level, with no carpet edge protective strips, etc., which might induce tripping.3.3.4 Horizontal Surfaces: No readily accessible area shall be designed so that it invites use as a stowage where such use could cause interference with the operation of controls

26、. Areas adjacent to emergency and essential controls shall be designed to inhibit their use as stowage areas or as locations for the installation of non-essential equipment.3.3.5 Leg Clearance: Adequate clearance between the lower edge of the primary instrument panels and the pilots legs shall be pr

27、ovided in the most adverse combination of seat position, rudder pedal position and toe brake application.3.3.6 Footrest: The lower part of the primary instrument panel in front of the pilots shall be designed and shaped to serve as a footrest, if dedicated footrests are not provided.The shape and lo

28、cation of the footrest shall be such as to prevent unintentional operation of controls and to protect displays located in this area from damage.3.3.7 Injury Protection: All panels and associated controls shall be designed to avoid causing injury to the flight crew when making normal movements in the

29、 flight deck, including entry and exit.All structural components which may be struck by a crew member as a result of high acceleration or deceleration forces in flight or on the ground in normal or abnormal situations shall provide protection against injuries.3.3.8 Pedestal and Overhead Panels: Inad

30、vertent operation of pedestal mounted controls during seat entry/exit shall be improbable. Electronic equipment mounted in the pedestal or side consoles shall be fluid-resistant.3.4 Windows:3.4.1 Visibility: Criteria for external vision are given in ARP4101/2.3.4.2 Heating: Means shall be provided f

31、or window protection in icing conditions and for defogging.It is desirable to protect the pilots upper torso against large thermal gradients during flights of long duration, and to provide side window defogging during ground operations.SAE ARP4101 - 5 -3.4.3 Sunlight: A means shall be provided to sh

32、ield pilots eyes from direct sunlight. The device should be easy to adjust and remove, and shall not interfere with pilots duties. A means shall be provided to minimize the effects of direct sunlight on pilots instrument panels. The glareshield should also minimize reflections from instrument lighting in the windows, in particular in the area 20 degrees either side of the central axis of the pilots external vision.PREPARED BY SAE COMMITTEE S-7, FLIGHT DECK ANDHANDLING QUALITIES STANDARDS FOR TRANSPORT AIRCRAFTSAE ARP4101 - 6 -FIGURE 1 - Pilots Normal Position(Dimensions in inches)