SAE ARD 5700-2008 Issues Associated With Development and Implementation of Vertical Flight Aircraft《关于垂直飞行航空器的开发和实施问题》.pdf
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1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2008 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication ma
3、y be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
4、Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/ARD5700ARD5700 AEROSPACERESOURCEDOCUMENTIssued 2008-10 Issues Associated With Development and Impl
5、ementation of Vertical Flight Aircraft RATIONALEThis document is provided to reflect the changes and additional data that has been developed relating to the issues listed in the original ARD50018 as well to add new issues that have arisen and that need to be addressed and answered. FOREWORDThe integ
6、ration of vertical flight aircraft, from rotorcraft-helicopters to gyroplanes, vectored thrust and powered-lift aircraft, is becoming more crucial as airspace becomes more congested. It can reasonably be expected that vertical flight aircraft will be an integral part of the solution to airspace cong
7、estion and passenger transportation demand. Studies conducted by the FAA and industry indicate that vertical flight applications coupled with simultaneous non-interfering (SNI) IFR operations provides more than 35% increases in operations and passenger throughput at congested airfields. This documen
8、t lists and explains the efforts of the SAE G-10 Aerospace Behavioral Engineering Technology (G-10 ABET) Vertical Flight (VF) Subcommittee to list, evaluate and explain the issues associated with the integration of vertical flight aircraft into the National Airspace System. It is a replacement/updat
9、e document to replace ARD50018. To further that end, this document provides a central source for the tracking of human engineering and performance issues related to the design, development and implementation of vertical flight integration solutions. It is intended that this paper be a living as well
10、 as historical report on the relevant vertical flight issues, and will be updated regularly to reflect research activities onthese issues. Issues will not be removed from this report as they are resolved but rather will remain in order to document work produced and accomplished. NOTE: THIS DOCUMENT
11、IS A NONCONSENSUS DRAFT REPORT MADE AVAILABLE BY AN SAE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE DURING THE PROCESS OF STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT. THE INFORMATION CONTRAINED IN THIS REPORT IS BEING DISSEMINATED SOLELY FOR COMMENT PURPOSE AND SHOULD NOT BE RELIED ON UPON AT THIS TIME. SAE ARD5700 - 2 -The objectives of this d
12、ocument are: 1. To identify the human engineering issues (both historical and current) affecting the integration of vertical flight aircraftinto the NAS 2. To categorize these issues relative to their importance 3. To provide requirements for research activities to address the issues raised 4. To pr
13、ovide a methodology for systematically identifying areas of concern 5. To provide a repository for the human engineering knowledge developed in support of the integration of vertical flight aircraft into the NAS. The material contained in this document is a result of the efforts of the SAE G-10 Aero
14、space Behavioral Engineering Technology (ABET) Vertical Flight Subcommittee. It has been reviewed by the Subcommittee and reflects the consensus of its members. It is in no way intended to be all inclusive or rigorous, but rather merely a beginning. Any comments or information concerning the issues
15、contained herein or any further issues not yet addressed should be directed to the Subcommittee via SAE. SAE ARD5700 - 3 -TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. PURPOSE AND SCOPE 41.1 Purpose. 41.2 Scope 42. REFERENCES 42.1 Applicable Documents 42.2 Other Applicable References 52.3 Related Publications . 52.4 Definit
16、ions . 62.5 Acronyms and Terminology 63. OBJECTIVES 74. DEFINITIONS OF ISSUES (IMPLEMENTATION IMPACT) CATEGORIES 74.1 Critical . 74.2 Serious 74.3 Desirable . 75. REPORT CAPABILITIES 86. OPEN ISSUES 86.1 Standard for Use of Simulation Training as Equivalent for Aviation Experience 86.2 Standard of D
17、ifferences Training 106.3 Remediation of/Requirements for Cockpit/Crew Resource Management 116.4 Simulation Certification . 116.5 Helicopter Cockpit Location of Automatic and Manual Engine Controls (Throttle) 126.6 Location of Electronic Flight Instrument Displays in Vertical Flight Aircraft136.7 EF
18、IS Displays for Steep Approaches . 146.8 Civil Tiltrotor (CTR) Aircraft Primary Thrust (Power) Control 146.9 Pilot Tasks versus Flying Qualities Deficiencies 166.10 Congested Area Traffic Management. 176.11 Regulation and Certification of Night Vision Goggles. 196.12 Extremely Low Visibility Instrum
19、ent Vertical Flight Operations. 216.13 Low Airspeed Indication Systems. 236.14 Ground-based Visual Aids for Approaches, Landing, Takeoffs, and Departures. 246.15 Solutions for Visual Obscurations Due to Brownout/Whiteout and/or Sea Spray 267. KEY WORDS 288. NOTES 28SAE ARD5700 - 4 -1. PURPOSE AND SC
20、OPE 1.1 Purpose The purpose of this document is to set forth the recommendations of SAE Committee G-10 Vertical Flight Subcommittee relative to the requirements for, design of, and implementation of vertical flight aircraft and associated systems into the National Airspace System. It is to provide a
21、 compilation of human factors issues relating to vertical flight systems. These recommendations are intended to be easily interpretable to foster discussion and research in the continuing effort to increase aircraft and crew performance, efficiency, safety and reducing factors detrimental to flight
22、safety. In cases where conflicting opinions existed, suitable compromises were made. 1.2 Scope The scope of this document is quite broad and applies to STOL aircraft, commercial air transport or utility and/or military aircraft, and normal category helicopters, compound helicopters and powered lift
23、vehicles (tiltrotors, tiltfans, tiltwings, etc).2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents 2.1.1 FAA Order 8400.10, App 3, Flight Standards Handbook Bulletin for Air Transportation (HBAT 04-02A), Night Vision Imaging Systems, Eff 02-19-04, Amd 10-02-06 2.1.2 FAA Website http:/www.faa.gov/aircraft/air_ce
24、rt/design_approvals/rotorcraft/nvis/index.cfm?print=goRotorcraft - Night Vision Imaging System (NVIS)/ Night Vision Goggles (NVG) SAE ARD5700 - 5 -2.1.3 FAA Satellite Operations Implementation Team Vertical Flight Implementation Plan Concept of Operations, dated 20012.1.4 FAA Rotorcraft Master Plan
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