NEMA ICS 1 3-1986 Preventive Maintenance of Industrial Control and Systems Equipment《工业控制装置及系统设备的定期检修》.pdf

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1、NEMA Standards PublicationNational Electrical Manufacturers AssociationNEMA ICS 1.3-1986 (R2015)Preventive Maintenance of Industrial Control and Systems EquipmentNEMA Standards Publication ICS 1.3-1986 (R2001, R2009, R2015) Preventive Maintenance of Industrial Control and Systems Equipment Published

2、 by National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 900 Rosslyn, Virginia 22209 www.nema.org 2015 National Electrical Manufacturers Association. All rights, including translation into other languages, reserved under the Universal Copyright Convention, the Berne Convention

3、 for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, and the International and Pan American copyright conventions. 2015 National Electrical Manufacturers Association NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER The information in this publication was considered technically sound by the consensus of persons engaged in the d

4、evelopment and approval of the document at the time it was developed. Consensus does not necessarily mean that there is unanimous agreement among every person participating in the development of this document. The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) standards and guideline publicati

5、ons, of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a voluntary consensus standards development process. This process brings together volunteers and/or seeks out the views of persons who have an interest in the topic covered by this publication. While NEMA administers the proce

6、ss and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not write the document and it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy or completeness of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards and guideline publications

7、. NEMA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, application, or reliance on this document. NEMA disclaims and makes no gu

8、aranty or warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein, and disclaims and makes no warranty that the information in this document will fulfill any of your particular purposes or needs. NEMA does not undertake to guarantee the performance of a

9、ny individual manufacturer or sellers products or services by virtue of this standard or guide. In publishing and making this document available, NEMA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity, nor is NEMA undertaking to perform any duty owe

10、d by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. Information and other standards on the t

11、opic covered by this publication may be available from other sources, which the user may wish to consult for additional views or information not covered by this publication. NEMA has no power, nor does it undertake to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this document. NEMA does not cer

12、tify, test, or inspect products, designs, or installations for safety or health purposes. Any certification or other statement of compliance with any health- or safety-related information in this document shall not be attributable to NEMA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of

13、 the statement. NEMA ICS 1.3-1986 (R2001, R2009, R2015) Page i 2015 National Electrical Manufacturers Association CONTENTS Foreword . iii 1 GENERAL . 1 1.1 Referenced Standards 1 1.2 Scope 1 2 FUNDAMENTALS 2 2.1 Planning 2 2.2 Scheduling 2 2.3 Documentation 2 2.4 Renewal Parts . 2 3 SAFETY PRECAUTIO

14、NS . 2 3.1 Work Practices . 2 3.2 Deenergization 2 3.3 Work on Energized Equipment . 3 3.4 Hazards of Controlled Equipment . 3 4 GENERAL GUIDELINES 3 4.1 Cleanliness . 3 4.1.1 Opening Enclosures 3 4.1.2 Inspection 3 4.1.3 Operating Conditions . 3 4.1.4 Cleaning 3 4.2 Mechanical Integrity 4 4.2.1 Ins

15、pection 4 4.2.2 Servicing 4 4.3 Temperature Control . 4 4.3.1 Inspection 4 4.3.2 Servicing 4 4.4 Diagnosis 4 4.5 Repair . 4 4.6 Replacement Parts . 5 4.7 Disposal of Parts . 5 4.8 Fault Conditions 5 4.9 Functional Check 5 4.9.1 Tests 5 4.9.2 Indications . 5 4.10 Documentation 5 5 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES

16、 . 5 5.1 Assembly/Reassembly 5 5.2 Terminals and Connections 6 5.3 Conductors . 6 5.4 Contacts and Arc Chutes 6 5.4.1 Servicing 6 NEMA ICS 1.3-1986 (R2001, R2009, R2015) Page ii 2015 National Electrical Manufacturers Association 5.5 AC Magnet Solenoids . 6 5.6 Solid-State Devices . 6 5.6.1 Inspectio

17、n 6 5.6.2 Cleaning 7 5.6.3 Servicing 7 5.6.4 Testing . 7 5.7 Protective Devices 7 5.8 Indicating Devices . 7 5.9 Labels and Nameplates 7 NEMA ICS 1.3-1986 (R2001, R2009, R2015) Page iii 2015 National Electrical Manufacturers Association Foreword This standards publication was prepared by a technical

18、 committee of the NEMA Industrial Automation Control Products and Systems Section. It was approved in accordance with the bylaws of NEMA and supersedes the indicated NEMA Standards Publication. This standards publication supersedes ICS 1.3-1986 (R2001). The purpose of this Standards Publication is t

19、o assist those responsible for maintenance and repair of Industrial Control and Systems Equipment. Effective preventive maintenance is essential to the satisfactory and safe operation of electrical and electronic equipment, and to the minimization of down-time associated with unscheduled corrective

20、maintenance. This publication covers maintenance practices that are common to most Industrial Control and Systems Equipment. It is intended to supplement more specific maintenance instructions which may be provided for particular product lines and specific products in other NEMA Standards and manufa

21、cturers publications. It also covers general safety precautions for preventive maintenance activities. NEMA standards publications are subject to periodic review. They are revised frequently to reflect user input and to meet changing conditions and technical progress. Proposed revisions to this stan

22、dards publication should be submitted to: Vice President, Engineering Department National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 1847 Rosslyn, VA 22209 This standards publication was developed by the Industrial Automation Control Products and Systems Section. Section appr

23、oval of the standard does not necessarily imply that all section members voted for its approval or participated in its development. At the time it was approved, the Industrial Automation Control Products and Systems Section consisted of the following members: ABB Control, Inc. Wichita Falls, TX Alst

24、om Drives and Controls, Inc. Pittsburgh, PA Automatic Switch Company Florham Park, NJ Balluff, Inc. Florence, KY Carlo Gavazzi, Inc. Buffalo Grove, IL CMC Torque Systems Billerica, MA Control Concepts Corporation Beaver, PA Cooper Bussman St. Louis, MO Cummins, Inc. Minneapolis, MN Cyberex Mentor, O

25、H Eaton Corporation Milwaukee, WI Echelon Corporation Palo Alto, CA Electro Switch Corporation Weymouth, MA Elliott Control Company Hollister, CA Entrelec, Inc. Irving, TX Firetrol, Inc. Cary, NC Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc. Austin, TX GE Fanuc Automation Charlottesville, VA GE Industrial Systems

26、Plainville, CT Hubbell Incorporated Madison, OH NEMA ICS 1.3-1986 (R2001, R2009, R2015) Page iv 2015 National Electrical Manufacturers Association Joslyn Clark Controls, Inc. Lancaster, SC Lexington Switch including release or restraint of all stored energy, such as the electrical charge in capacito

27、rs, pressure in fluid or gas systems and stored mechanical energy in springs and elevated parts. 4 GENERAL GUIDELINES 4.1 Cleanliness 4.1.1 Opening Enclosures Control equipment should be kept clean and dry. Before opening the door or cover of a cabinet or enclosure, comply with Clause 4 Safety Guide

28、lines. Foreign material, dirt, hardware, or debris should be removed from the outside top surfaces to avoid the risk of anything falling onto the equipment. Methods used in cleaning the outside of cabinets or enclosures should be chosen with consideration for the enclosures Type designations as desc

29、ribed in NEMA 250, to avoid risk of contaminating the enclosed equipment. 4.1.2 Inspection Upon opening the cabinet or enclosure, control equipment should be inspected for any dust, dirt, moisture or evidence of moisture, or other contamination. If any is found, the cause must be eliminated. This co

30、uld indicate an incorrectly selected, deteriorated, or damaged enclosure; unsealed enclosure openings; internal condensation; condensate from an unsealed conduit; or improper operating procedures (e.g., operating with enclosure door or cover open). 4.1.3 Operating Conditions Enclosure doors, access

31、plates, and covers are intended to remain closed curing normal operation. Evidence that equipment has been operated with the enclosure door open or cover removed is usually an indication of a problem that should be diagnosed and corrected. 4.1.4 Cleaning Corroded or damaged parts should be replaced.

32、 Dirty, wet, or contaminated parts of control equipment should also be replaced unless they can be cleaned effectively by vacuuming or wiping with dry cloth or soft brush. Use care to avoid damaging delicate parts. Compressed air is not NEMA ICS 1.3-1986 (R2001, R2009, R2014) Page 4 2015 National El

33、ectrical Manufacturers Association recommended for cleaning because it may displace dirt, dust, or debris into other parts or equipment, or damage delicate parts. Liquid cleaners, including spray cleaners, are not recommended unless specified by the equipment manufacturer, because of the risk of res

34、idues causing damage or interfering with electrical or mechanical functions. The inside bottom of the cabinet or enclosure should also be cleaned, including removal of any hardware or debris, so that any new or unusual wear or loss of parts occurring after the inspection may be more readily detected

35、 during subsequent maintenance. 4.2 Mechanical Integrity 4.2.1 Inspection A general inspection of mechanical integrity should be made, i.e., loose, broken, missing, or badly worn parts. The intended movement of mechanical parts, such as armature and contacts or electromechanical contactors, disconne

36、ctor, or circuit breaker operator mechanism and mechanical interlocks should be checked for freedom of motion and functional operation. For example, does a mechanical interlock actually provide the intended function? 4.2.2 Servicing Any broken, deformed, or badly worn parts or assemblies should be r

37、eplaced with manufacturer-recommended renewal parts. Any loose fasteners should be retightened securely (to manufacturer recommended torque if specified). Lubricate mechanisms only if recommended by the manufacturer, using only the recommended type and amount of lubricant. Remove any surplus lubrica

38、nt to avoid risk of establishing a tracking path across insulating surfaces, and of excess lubricant migrating into areas that should not be lubricated. 4.3 Temperature Control 4.3.1 Inspection Ventilation passages should be kept open. If equipment depends on auxiliary cooling or heating, the temper

39、ature control system should be checked and repaired if necessary to assure proper functioning. Filters should be cleaned or replaced if necessary, based on inspection or the time interval recommended by the manufacturer. 4.3.2 Servicing If dust or dirt has accumulated on heat sinks and/or components

40、 which generate heat, it should be removed carefully by vacuuming, wiping or brushing, since such accumulation can reduce heat dissipation capability and lead to premature failures. (See 4.1.4) 4.4 Diagnosis Maintenance should always aim to determine and correct the cause of any problems, not just t

41、he symptoms. 4.5 Repair If the equipment condition indicates need for adjustment, repair, or replacement, the manufacturers instruction manual should be followed carefully. Diagnostic information within such a manual should be used to identify the probable source of the problem and to formulate a re

42、pair plan. The level of field repair recommended by the manufacturer should be followed; if more extensive repair is needed, the item should be replaced and/or returned to the manufacturer. NEMA ICS 1.3-1986 (R2001, R2009, R2014) Page 5 2015 National Electrical Manufacturers Association 4.6 Replacem

43、ent Parts Some apparently equivalent replacement parts from sources other than the original equipment manufacturer may not be suitable because the original equipment manufacturer may have required the original part to meet unique specifications, performance or test requirements (e.g., burn-in). Ther

44、efore, replacement parts meeting the specifications of the original equipment manufacturer should be used. Care should be taken to avoid the use of parts which are no longer compatible with changes in the equipment; revision levels should be verified. All parts contained in a replacement kit should

45、be changed. Do not use parts that have deteriorated in storage. 4.7 Disposal of Parts Government regulations and/or safe practice dictate that some types of parts which may be removed during maintenance require special handling and disposal. Examples are lithium storage batteries, and capacitors or

46、transformers filled with polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) electrolyte. Follow manufacturers instructions and any applicable government regulations. 4.8 Fault Conditions Fault conditions can cause extensive damage to control equipment. Opening of a short circuit protective device (such as a fuse or cir

47、cuit breaker) indicates a fault condition in excess of operating overload. Where evidence of a fault is found, before restoring power any damaged item(s) should be repaired or replaced. Refer to Annex A of ICS 2 for further information. 4.9 Functional Check 4.9.1 Tests After inspection, maintenance,

48、 or repair operations the equipment should be tested for proper functioning before it is returned to service. During such tests, personnel should be protected against hazards in the event of a malfunction. 4.9.2 Indications A change in magnitude or frequency of vibration or noise indicates a need fo

49、r attention; for example, a noisy AC magnet solenoid. (See 5.5) 4.10 Documentation An entry should be made into the log each time preventive maintenance is performed. The entry should indicate the date maintenance was performed; observations; description of any repairs or modifications and reasons for them; and identity of person(s) who performed the maintenance. 5 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES Refer to individual product standards (NEMA Standards Publication Nos. ICS 2, ICS 3, ICS 4, ICS 5, ICS 6, ICS 7, ICS 8, and ICS 10). 5.1 Assembly/Re