[考研类试卷]英语专业语言学(综合)模拟试卷6及答案与解析.doc
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1、英语专业语言学(综合)模拟试卷 6 及答案与解析一、名词解释1 contrastive analysis 2 error analysis3 language aptitude 4 field dependence 5 field independence6 learning strategies7 applied linguistics 8 grammar-translation method 9 audiolingual method10 communicative language teaching 11 testing 12 achievement test 13 validity14
2、 reliability 15 proficiency test 16 subjective test 17 objective test18 language aptitude test 19 diagnostic test 20 backwash effect二、简答题21 If language is partially defined as communication, can we call the noises that dogs make language? Why or why not?22 One of the main features of our human langu
3、ages is arbitrariness. Can you briefly explain what this feature refers to? Support your argument with examples.23 What kind of evidence supports the idea that language is culturally transmitted?24 Point out three major differences between linguistics and traditional grammar.25 What is the differenc
4、e between a prescriptive and a descriptive approach to language?英语专业语言学(综合)模拟试卷 6 答案与解析一、名词解释1 【正确答案】 Contrastive analysis: It is a method of analyzing languages for instructional purposes whereby a native language and target language are compared with a view to establishing points of difference lik
5、ely to cause difficulties for learners.【知识模块】 名词解释2 【正确答案】 Error analysis: Error analysis(EA)refers to the study and analysis of the errors made by second and foreign language learners in order to identify causes of errors of common difficulties in language learning. It is an alternative to contrast
6、ive analysis.【知识模块】 名词解释3 【正确答案】 Language aptitude; The natural ability for learning an L2 is termed as language aptitude, not including intelligence, motivation, interest, etc.【知识模块】 名词解释4 【正确答案】 Field dependence; Field dependence is a learning style in which a learner tends to look at the whole of
7、 a learning task which contains many items. The learner has difficulty in studying a particular item when it occurs within a field of other items.【知识模块】 名词解释5 【正确答案】 Field independence; Field independence is a learning style in which a learner is able to identify or focus on particular items and is
8、not distracted by other items in the background and context. 【知识模块】 名词解释6 【正确答案】 Learning strategies; Learning strategies are the particular approaches or techniques that learners use to try to learn an LThey can be behavioral or mental and they are typically problem-oriented.【知识模块】 名词解释7 【正确答案】 App
9、lied linguistics: Applied linguistics is the study of language and linguistics in relation to practical issue, e. g. speech therapy, language teaching, testing, and translation. 【知识模块】 名词解释8 【正确答案】 Grammar-translation method; Grammar-translation method refers to a method of foreign or second languag
10、e teaching which makes use of translation and grammar study as the main teaching and learning activities.【知识模块】 名词解释9 【正确答案】 Audiolingual method: Audiolingual method refers to the teaching of a second language through imitation, repetition, and reinforcement. It emphasizes the teaching of speaking a
11、nd listening before reading and writing and the use of mother tongue in the classroom is not allowed. 【知识模块】 名词解释10 【正确答案】 Communicative language teaching: Communicative language teaching refers to the approach to foreign or second language teaching which emphasizes that the goal of language learnin
12、g is communicative competence.【知识模块】 名词解释11 【正确答案】 Testing; It refers to the use of test, or the study of the theory and the practice of their use, development, evaluation, etc.【知识模块】 名词解释12 【正确答案】 Achievement test; Achievement test is a test which measures how much of a language someone has learned
13、 with reference to a particular course of study or program of instruction. 【知识模块】 名词解释13 【正确答案】 Validity; Validity(in testing)refers to the degree to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure, or can be used successfully for the purposes for which it is intended. A number of different sta
14、tistical procedures can be applied to a test to estimate its validity. Such procedures generally seek to determine what the test measures, and how well it does.【知识模块】 名词解释14 【正确答案】 Reliability: Reliability(in testing)refers to a measure of the degree to which a test gives consistent results; a test
15、is said to be reliable if it gives the same results when it is given on different occasions or when it is used by different people.【知识模块】 名词解释15 【正确答案】 Proficiency test: Proficiency test is a test which measures how much of a language someone has learned without bothering the syllabus, duration and
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