[考研类试卷]2012年天津外国语大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2012 年天津外国语大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案与解析一、选择题1 Shen suggested the existing urban housing demolition regulations be revised, after Sichuan Province native, Tang Fuzhen, died following self-immolation in protest against the forced demolition of her home in November 2009.（A）explosion（B） wipeout（C） destruction

2、（D）ruining2 People from every corner of the world come to visit me, asking questions on every conceivable topic related to China, from Chinas internal and international policies to everyday life.（A）confidential（B） imaginable（C） unbelievable（D）embarrassing3 Lockes Chinese ancestry presents a double-e

3、dged sword situation. As a political figure, he cannot go overboard with his intimacy for China and its culture; otherwise, it will be difficult for him to get approval from politicians in the United States.（A）nomination（B） cultural insight（C） cultural tradition（D）pedigree4 The disaster will not com

4、pletely dash Japans economic potential, according to CASSs Feng.（A）smash（B） put an end to（C） boom（D）undermine5 The “Occupy Wall Street“ protests started on September 17, denouncing the greed and recklessness of the financial titans, who brought down the U. S. economy.（A）criticizing significantly（B）

5、alleviating significantly（C） threatening openly（D）condemning openly6 The scandal at the zoo was exposed by disgruntled staff on March 10 when they went on strike over unpaid wages. According to the staff, this was not the first time that the zoo has been mired in scandal.（A）disgraceful（B） discontent

6、ed（C） on-strike（D）off-post7 Zhejiang Geely secured Volvo at a price far less than the $6. 45 billion Ford paid the brand in 1999.（A）seized（B） purchased（C） acquired（D）merged8 Li wants to radically slash the Swedish brands costs for some of its primary operations, such as product development and manuf

7、acturing, by tapping the relatively cheap labor available in China.（A）level.drawing profit from（B） reduce.making a good use of（C） cut. relying on（D）moderate. exploiting9 Many agree that the “egg“ might not be legal, but the novel idea and creation need to be supported.（A）new（B） romantic（C） weird（D）p

8、arsimonious10 Economists reached a consensus that inflation in China would come from the sizzling property market instead of the food or energy sector.（A）foamed（B） toppling（C） hot（D）devastating11 For those uninitiated to Chinese drinking culture, the potential confusion between white wine and baijiu

9、 can become more than a merely linguistic headache.（A）newly introduced to（B） lacking practical experience in（C） being knowledgeable to（D）being full of expertise in12 Gaddafi established the Socialist Peoples Libyan Arab Jamahiriya in 1977 and adopted a relatively loose state structure similar to ana

10、rchy.（A）socialist democracy（B） feudal kingdom（C） dictatorship（D）political disorder and confusion13 Hu added that some of the mistrust prevalent in society today stems from previous cases where people who stepped in to offer assistance were later accused of having caused the original accidents.（A）pre

11、vailing（B） popular（C） contaminating（D）shuffling14 Foreign study often conjures up ideas of acquiring new skills and opening ones eyes. Not only may those notions be over-blown, there also significant downsides that we rarely hear about.（A）produces（B） leads to（C） hallucinates（D）invokes15 The first st

12、age culminated with the successful implementation of Chinas inaugural manned space mission on October 15 , 2003.（A）crowned（B） ceased（C） ended（D）initiated16 As for the young women in the translation and literature sections at Fudan, underperforming girls revealed some cultural and gender dissonance.（

13、A）prejudice（B） conflict（C） harmony（D）discordance17 For a long time, France has been pushing for lifting the weapons embargo against those countries.（A）boycott（B） extradition（C） ban（D）dialogue18 The doctor suggested that he just fabricated the injury.（A）invented（B） worsened（C） caused（D）scattered19 Th

14、e application of 3G is on the upswing in China; however, the era of 4G has also begun.（A）poke（B） dwindle（C） soar（D）rise20 Earlier that year, UNESCO listed Kunqu as an Intangible Cultural Heritage.（A）hypothetical（B） valuable（C） nonphysical（D）unchangeable21 The supervisor was advised to(A)give the ass

15、ignment to whomever(B)he believed had(C)a strong sense of responsibility, and the courage of conviction(D).22 Given(A)their strong suspicion of inherited authority and their almost infinite faith in an individuals right to shape his own destiny, Americans have trouble accepting(B)social customs whos

16、e provenance is unclear and whose authority(C)they never consented(D).23 The term biological clock is applied to(A)the means which(B)living things adjust their activity patterns, without any obvious cue(C), to the time of day(D), or the month, or the year.24 What should doctors say, for example(A),

17、to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical checkup(B)before going on vacation with his family who, though(C)he feels in perfect health, finds(D)to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months?25 The conquerors stole only(A)the gold and silver that were needed(B)to re

18、plenish the badly depleted(C)treasury but also the supplies that were vital to(D)the colonists.26 The telegraph opened up(A)the possibility of almost instantaneous communication and thereby(B)offering(C)many practical advantages to people in all walks of life(D).27 T. S. Eliot received(A)wide recogn

19、ition after publishes(B)The Waste Land, which fused(C)poetic traditions with elements(D)of modern music and language.28 We are expected to get excited about skyscrapers simply on the basis of(A)their height, an attribute that(B)is supposed to make us overlook the fact that(C)everything else about th

20、em is banal and exceptional uninteresting(D).29 Coupled with(A)the growing quantity of information are(B)the development of technologies which(C)enable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed(D)to more locations than has ever been possible before.30 He has told(A)me something

21、 about his new theory which he has been developing(B). I believe that his theory will offer(C)new explanations of the problem when it will be ready(D)to be published.二、选词填空30 The American attitude t【K1】_the family contains many contradictions. For example, Americans will tolerate a good deal of inst

22、ability in their families, including d【K2】_, in order to protect such values as freedom and equality. On the other h【K3】_, they are strongly attached to the idea of the family as the best of all lifestyles. A recent s【K4】 _showed that 78 percent of Americans felt that the family was most meaningful

23、p【K5】_of life and 92 percent said it was a very personal value of them. In fact, the great m【K6】_of persons who get divorces find a new partner and remarry.Some social scientists have explained this apparent c【K7 】_in an interesting way. Americans, they say, look upon the family a【K8】_a necessary re

24、fuge as competition and hard work are basic American values, but they also place a psychological strain on the individual. By c【K9】_the family is basically a noncompetitive, cooperative institution. Family members are not expected to compete a【K10】_each other as they do against their peers in the ou

25、tside worlds of business, politics, and education.31 【K1】32 【K2】33 【K3】34 【K4】35 【K5】36 【K6】37 【K7】38 【K8】39 【K9】40 【K10】40 A young man from a w【K11】_family was about to graduate from high school. It was the c【K12】_in that affluent neighborhood for the p【K13】_to give the graduate an automobile. Bill

26、 and his father had s【K14】_months looking at cars, and the week before graduation they found the perfect car. Bill was certain that the car would be his on graduation night.Imagine his d【K15】_when, on the eve of his graduation, Bills father handed him a gift-wrapped Bible! Bill was so angry, he t【K1

27、6】_the Bible down and stormed out of the house. He and his father never saw each other again. It was the news of his fathers d【K17】_that brought Bill home again.As he sat one night, going t【K18】_his fathers possessions that he was to inherit, he came across the Bible his father had given him. He bru

28、shed away the dust and opened it to find a cashiers c【K19】_, dated the day of his graduation, in the exact a【K20】_of the car they had chosen.41 【K11】42 【K12】43 【K13】44 【K14】45 【K15】46 【K16】47 【K17】48 【K18】49 【K19】50 【K20】三、阅读理解50 NOBODY else in the computer industry, or any other industry for that m

29、atter, could put on a show like Steve Jobs. His product launches, at which he would stand alone on a black stage and conjure up a “magical“ or “incredible“ new electronic gadget in front of an awed crowd, were the performances of a master showman. All computers do is fetch and shuffle numbers, he on

30、ce explained, but do it fast enough and “the results appear to be magic“. He spent his life packaging that magic into elegantly designed easy to use products.In retrospect, Mr Jobs was a man ahead of his time during his first stint at Apple. Computings early years were dominated by technical types.

31、But his emphasis on design and ease of use gave him the edge later on. Elegance, simplicity and an understanding of other fields came to matter in a world in which computers are fashion items, carried by everyone, that can do almost anything. “Technology alone is not enough, “ said Mr Jobs at the en

32、d of his speech introducing the iPad, in January 2010. “ Its technology married with liberal arts, married with humanities, that yields the results that make our hearts sing. “ It was an unusual statement for the head of a technology firm, but it was vintage Steve Jobs.His interdisciplinary approach

33、 was backed up by an obsessive attention to detail. A carpenter making a fine chest of drawers will not use plywood on the back, even though nobody will see it, he said, and he applied the same approach to his products. “ For you to sleep well at night, the aesthetic, the quality, has to be carried

34、all the way through. “ He insisted that the first Macintosh should have no internal cooling fan, so that it would be silentputting user needs above engineering convenience. He called an Apple engineer one weekend with an urgent request: the colour of one letter of an on-screen logo on the iPhone was

35、 not quite the right shade of yellow. He often wrote or rewrote the text of Apples advertisements himself.His on-stage persona as a Zen-like mystic notwithstanding, Mr Jobs was an autocratic manager with a fierce temper. But his egomania was largely justified. He eschewed market researchers and focu

36、s groups, preferring to trust his own instincts when evaluating potential new products. “A lot of times, people dont know what they want until you show it to them, “ he said. His judgment proved uncannily accurate: by the end of his career the hits far outweighed the misses. Mr Jobs was said by an e

37、ngineer in the early years of Apple to emit a “reality distortion field“ , such were his powers of persuasion. But in the end he changed reality, channelling the magic of computing into products that reshaped music, telecoms and media. The man who said in his youth that he wanted to “ put a ding in

38、the universe“ did just that.51 The Apple brand products, according to the article, are（A）expensive.（B） complicated.（C） user-friendly.（D）difficult to get.52 The Apple products are distinctive, as this article tells us, because they are（A）carefully made but expensive.（B） integration of technology and

39、art.（C） small but elegant.（D）cheap but easy to use.53 Jobs, in assessing his new products,（A）tends to believe his intuition.（B） tends to trust his market researchers.（C） tends to study potential customers.（D）tends to challenge his rivals.54 Jobs uses the metaphor “A carpenter making a fine chest of

40、drawers will not use plywood on the back“ most probably to imply that（A）everybody should be careful in his work.（B） plywood is expensive and should be replaced by something else.（C） the carpenter that makes fine furniture is a master carpenter.（D）everybody should pay attention to the smallest detail

41、s and aims at perfection.55 Read the text and say what of the following words best describe Jobss character?（A）Self-confident, fierce-tempered with accurate judgment.（B） Good writer, fast speaking, slim but forceful.（C） Likes to dress in black, eloquent.（D）Exaggerating, bragging and arrogant.55 Albe

42、rt Einsteins first tour of America was an extravaganza unique in the history of science, and indeed would have been remarkable for any realm; a grand two-month processional in the spring of 1921 that evoked the sort of mass frenzy and press adulation that would thrill a touring rock star. Einstein h

43、ad recently burst into global stardom when observations performed during a total eclipse dramatically confirmed his theory of relativity by showing that the suns gravity field bent a light beam to the degree that he had predicted.So when he arrived in New York in April, he was greeted by adoring thr

44、ongs as the worlds first scientific celebrity, one who also happened to be a gentle icon of humanist values and a living patron saint for Jews.Newly published papers from that year, however, show a less joyful aspect to Einsteins famous visit. He found himself caught in a battle between ardent Europ

45、ean Zionists and the more polished and cautious potentates of American Jewry.The full extent of this controversy, which has been only touched upon in previous books(including a biography I wrote in 2007), is revealed in a volume of Einsteins correspondence and papers for 1921 that was recently publi

46、shed by the Princeton University Press.Einstein was raised in a secular German-Jewish household, and(except for a brief fling with religious fervor as a child)he disdained religious faith and rituals. He did, however, proudly consider himself Jewish by heritage and he felt a strong kinship with what

47、 he called his fellow tribesmen or clansmen. His outlook in 1921 can be seen in the brusque answer he sent early that year to the rabbi of Berlin, who had urged him to become a dues-paying member of the Jewish religious community there. “In your letter, “ he responded, “I noticed that the word Jewis

48、h is ambiguous in that it refers CD to nationality and origin, (2)to the faith. I am a Jew in the first sense, not in the second. “German anti-Semitism was on the rise. Many Jews did everything they could, including converting to Christianity, in order to assimilate, and they urged Einstein to do th

49、e same. But Einstein took the opposite approach. He began to identify even more strongly with his Jewish heritage, and he embraced the Zionist goal of promoting a Jewish homeland in Palestine.56 If you compare Einsteins visit to US in 1921 to Michael Jacksons performance tour abroad,（A）it is less pompous.（B） it is more expensive.（C） it is less attractive.（D）it is equally successful.57 One IMMEDIATE possible reason for Einsteins warm welcome in the US was（A）he