ETSI TR 102 279-2004 Human Factors (HF) Two surveys on assistive technology《人为因素(HF) 关于辅助技术的两项调查(版本1 1 1)》.pdf

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1、 ETSI TR 102 279 V1.1.1 (2004-01)Technical Report Human Factors (HF);Two surveys on assistive technologyETSI ETSI TR 102 279 V1.1.1 (2004-01) 2 Reference DTR/HF-00060 Keywords ICT, interface, speech, transmission, user, video ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.:

2、+33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made ava

3、ilable in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on

4、a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http:/portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find

5、errors in the present document, send your comment to: editoretsi.org Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2004. All

6、 rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTMand the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members

7、and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI ETSI TR 102 279 V1.1.1 (2004-01) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights4 Foreword.4 1 Scope 5 2 References 5 3 Definitions and abbreviations.5 3.1 Definitions5 3.2 Abbreviations .5 4 Background 6 5 Questionnaire to disability professionals .6 5.1 The qu

8、estionnaire .6 5.1.1 Contents 6 5.1.2 Comment on the questionnaire .8 6 Questionnaire to disability equipment industry8 6.1 The questionnaire .8 6.1.1 Contents 8 6.1.2 Comment on the questionnaire .8 Annex A: Answers to questionnaire to disability professionals.9 A.1 Answers9 Annex B: Answers to que

9、stionnaire to disability industry.38 B.1 Answers38 Annex C: Bibliography49 History 50 ETSI ETSI TR 102 279 V1.1.1 (2004-01) 4 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPR

10、s, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are ava

11、ilable on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web s

12、erver) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Human Factors (HF). ETSI ETSI TR 102 279 V1.1.1 (2004-01) 5 1 Scope The present document records the details of two surveys made in connect

13、ion with work TR 102 068 1 on requirements for assistive technology devices in Information and Telecommunications Technology (ICT) systems. No attempt is made to analyse the results which are given here solely for information and to provide possible input for other work. 2 References For the purpose

14、s of this Technical Report (TR), the following reference applies: 1 ETSI TR 102 068: “Human Factors (HF); Requirements for assistive technology devices in ICT“. 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: Blueto

15、oth: wireless technology enabling secure transmission of both voice and data DAISY: international standard for talking books design for all: design of products to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for specialized adaption e-book: an electronic book NOTE: A el

16、ectronic or paperless book in a digital form that can be read on the screen of a PC or other electronic device. identity tag: data block used to give information on an MP3 audio recording T-mode: telephony mode on a hearing aid, used to provide an input by inductive coupling rather than via a microp

17、hone text prediction: procedure whereby text entry can be enhanced by predicting subsequent portions of the text by analysing the text already entered textphone: terminal offering real time text conversation through telecommunications networks, as a stand alone unit, as an addition to a voice teleph

18、one or as an application in a multi-function computer based terminal versabraille: machine, no longer manufactured, which featured a Braille display, a Braille keyboard and a serial interface port 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AT Assis

19、tive Technology ATM Automatic Teller Machine CCTV Closed Circuit TeleVision CD Compact Disc CP Cerebral PalsyDAISY Digital Accessible Information SYstem GPS Global Positioning System HCI Human Computer Interface ETSI ETSI TR 102 279 V1.1.1 (2004-01) 6 HPC Handheld Personal Computer HTML HyperText Ma

20、rkup Language ICT Information and Communications Technology IDT IDentity Tag LCD Liquid Crystal Display MG Myasthenia GravisMND Motor Neurone Disease MS Multiple Sclerosis OCR Optical Character Recognition OED Oxford English Dictionary PC Personal Computer TV TeleVisionUMTS Universal Mobile Telecomm

21、unications System VI Visually Impaired VTS Virtual Touch System WWW World Wide Web 4 Background STF 181 was set up to produce TR 102 068 1, a technical report intended to give guidance on the needs of elderly and disabled people for assistive technology devices and the requirements for the interconn

22、ection of such devices to ICT systems. As part of the background research carried out at the commencement of the project, two questionnaires were sent out, one aimed at discovering the assistive technology needs of elderly and disabled people and the second to discover the views of the disability in

23、dustry on the requirements for standardization. The present document records the replies to those questionnaires so as to make them available to other researchers in the field of disability. 5 Questionnaire to disability professionals 5.1 The questionnaire 5.1.1 Contents The questionnaire contained

24、the following introduction: Thank you for offering to answer this brief questionnaire on the future requirements for personal assistive technology for people with disabilities. The aim of this questionnaire is to discover what elderly and disabled people will require from the assistive technology in

25、 the future. It refers to technology which is used to enable people to use current and future Information and Communication Technology (ICT) devices such as mobile telephones, computers and cash dispensers by using their personal assistive devices such as Braille or large character display or a stic

26、ky keyboard. This work is being carried out for the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). The results will be used to ensure that in the future, people with disabilities will be able to use the full range of information and communication technology. In some situations and for some

27、disabled people assistive technology will be met by design for all. For instance a telephone could have a text display so that somebody could use it who had a hearing impairment, but a deaf blind user would need a Braille display. The aim of this questionnaire is to discover your views, please answe

28、r as many questions as you can and please also give me as many extra comments as you can. Thank you very much. ETSI ETSI TR 102 279 V1.1.1 (2004-01) 7 It continued with the following questions: 1) Design for All or Assistive Technology? Please can you tell me in what circumstances would people in th

29、e following categories require assistive technology to use information and communication technologies? Please answer for all categories that you have knowledge of. 1.1) People with physical disabilities (including people with reduced mobility dexterity, reach, balance, strength, stamina and height).

30、 1.2) People with sensory disabilities (including people with reduced vision, hearing or reduced vision and hearing). 1.3) People with cognitive disabilities (including people with learning disabilities and mental health problems). 1.4) People with communication disabilities (including people who ar

31、e illiterate or who have speech impairment). 1.5) People with multiple disabilities. 2) Type of Assistive Devices Required? What types of assistive technology do people in the following categories require? Please answer for all categories that you have knowledge of. 2.1) People with physical disabil

32、ities. 2.2) People with sensory disabilities. 2.3) People with cognitive disabilities. 2.4) People with communication disabilities. 2.5) People with multiple disabilities. 3) What are the most important requirements for assistive technology (for instance weight, cost, portability, etc.) for people i

33、n the following categories? Please answer for all categories that you have knowledge of. 3.1) People with physical disabilities. 3.2) People with sensory disabilities. 3.3) People with cognitive disabilities. 3.4) People with communication disabilities. 3.5) People with multiple disabilities. 4) Wha

34、t future developments in information and communication technologies will have particular relevance to people with disabilities? 5) Do you have any other comments on the future of assistive technology? 6) Can you tell me in your opinion at what degree of disability will a user have to use assistive t

35、echnology rather than design for all? 7) Your details? Name: Organization: Town/City: Country: ETSI ETSI TR 102 279 V1.1.1 (2004-01) 8 Email: Thank you very much for your time and contribution. Would you like to receive a copy of the results from this research: Yes/No If you know of anybody else who

36、 would be willing to answer these questions please tell me their name and contact details. 5.1.2 Comment on the questionnaire As can be seen in clause 5.1.1, the questions asked were somewhat open-ended and the requested categorization by types of disability in the first three questions appeared to

37、be treated differently by the various respondents. This is likely to make it a somewhat difficult to analyse the results. Nevertheless the replies contained a significant amount of useful information in the field of disability which it was thought worth preserving and making public for other workers

38、 in the field. The full results of the survey of professionals working in the disability field are set out in annex A. The questionnaire was sent out to a list of 76 people and there were 35 respondents from 22 different countries. As can be seen from the replies, there were some different interpret

39、ations of the intent of the question structure, some users answering separately for each aspect of disability and some giving one answer that appeared to be intended to cover all aspects. 6 Questionnaire to disability equipment industry 6.1 The questionnaire 6.1.1 Contents Many Information and Commu

40、nication Technology (ICT) industries are working on making their products usable by disabled and elderly users. When inclusive design does not meet all the users needs, it will be necessary to use assistive devices. Currently there is little standardization of the interface between assistive devices

41、 and ICT systems. 1 In your opinion, would it be useful for there to be standard interfaces between assistive devices and ICT systems? 2 What features should be covered by such a standard? 3 Should the standard protocols be independent of the transmission system (e.g. infra-red, Bluetooth, hard wire

42、 connection)? 4 What other aspects should be considered when preparing this standard? I look forward to hearing from you. 6.1.2 Comment on the questionnaire The question in clause 6.1.1 was open-ended and so the replies do not lead themselves to simple analysis. On the other hand they were simple an

43、d straightforward and produced valuable answers in a reasonably logical form making the information contained accessible to the user. There were 49 respondents from 10 different countries. Of these, 35 provided answers to the questions in the survey. These replies are set out in annex B. ETSI ETSI T

44、R 102 279 V1.1.1 (2004-01) 9 Annex A: Answers to questionnaire to disability professionals A.1 Answers 1) Design for All or Assistive Technology? Please can you tell me in what circumstances would people in the following categories require assistive technology to use information and communication te

45、chnologies? Please answer for all categories that you have knowledge of. 1.1) People with physical disabilities (including people with reduced mobility dexterity, reach, balance, strength, stamina and height). 1 Yes. 2 For example when the different machines are installed too high or when touchscree

46、ns are used. 3 Use of keyboards and pointing devices. Manipulation of memory supports (e.g. Floppy disks and CD). 4 Yes. 5 Assuming that they have no problem with seeing and hearing then many applications can be envisaged which give the users control of the IT devices other than the normal keyboard.

47、 These would include: speech synthesis and speech output, remote switching using any part of the body over which they have control (e.g. foot and chin switches, to drive menu selection for commands and letters) possum-type controls using breath, large keyboards and other large manual switching, eye

48、switches, etc. All of these can be used to control the environment of the handicapped person and to operate forms of transport. These are all part of obtaining and disseminating information. One can assume that for most of this group the form of the information media does not have to be changed, the

49、 technology is required to enable the reader to get to and to control the information. 6 Sorry, I am not an expert. Reduced mobility may be in some fields important to have assistive technology for visually impaired and blind people. 7 No answer 8 No answer 9 Back or neck injury, stroke, Bone cancer and nervous system disorders such as MS, MND, MG, and CP. 10 Where there is a lack of an accessible and easy-to-use keyboard. 11 No answer 12 No answer 13 From my experience, a large number of circumstances in dealing with daily living could be made much easier and less compli