BS EN 60045-1-1993 Guide to steam turbine procurement - Guide to steam turbine procurement《汽轮机采购指南 汽轮机采购指南》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 60045-1:1993 IEC 45-1:1991 Guide to Steam turbine procurement The European Standard EN60045-1:1993 has the status of a British Standard UDC 621.165BSEN 60045-1:1993 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Machinery andComponents Standards PolicyCo

2、mmittee, was publishedunder the authority ofthe Standards Board and comesinto effect on 15 August1993 BSI07-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee referenceMCE/13 Draft for comment87/75136DC ISBN 0 580 22444 9 Cooperating organizations The European Committee

3、 for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC), under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national committees of the following countries: Austria Italy Belgium Luxembourg Denmark Netherlands Finland Norway France Portugal Germany Spain Greece Sweden Iceland Switzerl

4、and Ireland UnitedKingdom Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSEN60045-1:1993 BSI 07-1999 i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Text of EN 60045-1 3 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible Inside back cover

5、National annex NB (informative) Cross-references Inside back coverBSEN 60045-1:1993 ii BSI 07-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Machinery and Components Standards Policy Committee and is the English language version of EN60045-1:1993 Steam turb

6、ines Part1: Specifications, published by the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC). It is identical with IEC45-1:1991 published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and supersedes BS132:1983 Guide for steam turbines procurement, which is withdrawn. For g

7、raphical symbols, and letter symbols and signs approved by the IEC for general use, readers are referred to: IEC Publication 27: Letter symbols to be used in electrical technology; IEC Publication 617: Graphical symbols for diagrams. The symbols and signs contained in the present publication have ei

8、ther been taken from IEC Publications27 or617, or have been specifically approved for the purpose of this publication. For general terminology, readers are referred to IEC Publication50: International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV), which is issued in the form of separate chapters each dealing wi

9、th a specific field, the General Index being published as a separate booklet. Full details of the IEV will be supplied on request. The terms and definitions contained in the present publication have either been taken from the IEV or have been specifically approved for the purpose of this publication

10、. EN60045-1 was produced as a result of international discussion in which the UnitedKingdom took an active part. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a Brit

11、ish Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, theEN title page, pages2 to26, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have

12、had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN60045-1 February1993 UDC 621.165 Descriptors: Turbogenerator, turbine, steam under pressure, generator, specification, operating characteristic Eng

13、lish version Steam turbines Part 1: Specifications (IEC45-1:1991) Turbines vapeur Partie 1: Spcifications (CEI 45-1:1991) Dampfturbinen Teil 1: Anforderungen (IEC 45-1:1991) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on1992-12-09. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal

14、 Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC membe

15、r. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC

16、members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom. CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit

17、 Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B-1050 Brussels 1994 Copyright reserved to CENELEC members Ref. No. EN60045:1993 EEN60045-1:1993 BSI 07-1999 2 Foreword The CENELEC questionnaire procedure, performed

18、for finding out whether or not the International Standard IEC45-1:1991 could be accepted without textual changes, has shown that no common modifications were necessary for the acceptance as European Standard. The reference document was submitted to the CENELEC members for formal vote and was approve

19、d by CENELEC as EN60045-1 on9December1992. The following dates were fixed: For products which have complied with the relevant national standard before1993-12-01, as shown by the manufacturer or by a certification body, this previous standard may continue to apply for production until1998-12-01. Anne

20、xes designated “normative” are part of the body of the standard. In this standard, Annex A and Annex ZA are normative. Contents Page Foreword 2 Introduction 3 1 Scope and object 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Terms and definitions 3 4 Guarantees 7 5 Governing (control) 8 6 Operation and maintenance 9

21、7 Components 12 8 Foundations and buildings 13 9 Feed pump drives 13 10 Turbine auxiliary systems 14 11 Instrumentation 15 12 Protection 16 13 Vibration 18 14 Noise 19 15 Tests 19 16 Delivery and installation 20 17 Design information to be supplied by the purchaser 20 18 Design information to be pro

22、vided by the supplier 22 19 Turbine plant with regenerative feed water heating 22 Annex A (normative) Electronic governors 24 Annex ZA (normative) Other international publications quoted in this standard with the references of the relevant European publications 26 Table 1 Governor droop and deadband

23、 characteristics 10 Table 2 19 Table A.1 Non-linearity and stability 25 Table A.2 Environment classes 25 latest date of publication of an identical national standard (dop)1993-12-01 latest date of withdrawal of conflicting national standards (dow)1993-12-01EN60045-1:1993 BSI 07-1999 3 Introduction T

24、he first edition of IEC45 was issued in1931. Subsequent revisions were made, the last being in1970. Since then, intensive development has resulted in the availability of more highly-rated turbines. The development of turbines suitable for use with water-cooled nuclear reactors has proceeded in paral

25、lel, resulting in the production of large turbines for use with steam which is initially dry-saturated or slightly wet. The demands made upon turbine control systems have increased simultaneously with the development of new control technologies, such as electro-hydraulic systems. Increased reliabili

26、ty, higher standards of dynamic performance, suitability for two-shift operation, and increased attention to health and safety are among the aspects now requiring high standards of achievement. It has therefore become necessary to specify a turbine in more detail than was formerly needed. In consequ

27、ence, this part of IEC45 has been completely re-written, and is accordingly more comprehensive than earlier editions. Wherever practicable, this part of IEC45 takes into account the scope for applying to smaller turbines developments originally intended for larger machines, without implying that suc

28、h applications would always be necessary or advantageous. 1 Scope and object This part of International Standard IEC45 is applicable primarily to steam turbines driving generators for electrical power services. Some of its provisions are relevant to turbines for other applications. The purpose of th

29、is part is to make an intending purchaser aware of options and alternatives which he may wish to consider, and to enable him to state his technical requirements clearly to potential suppliers. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, co

30、nstitute provisions of this part. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Me

31、mbers of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEC651:1979, Sound level meters. IEC953-1:1990, Rules for steam turbine thermal acceptance tests Part 1: Method A. IEC953-2:1990, Rules for steam turbine thermal acceptance tests Part 2: Method B. ISO2372:1974, Mecha

32、nical vibration of machines with operating speeds from10 to200rev/s. Basis for specifying evaluation standards. ISO7919-1:1986, Mechanical vibration of non-reciprocating machines Measurements on rotating shafts and evaluation Part1: General guidelines. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of thi

33、s part, the following terms and definitions apply: 3.1 Turbine type superheat turbine a turbine whose initial steam is significantly superheated wet-steam turbine a turbine whose initial steam is saturated or nearly so (Also referred to as saturated-steam turbine.) reheat turbine a turbine from whic

34、h the steam is extracted part-way through the expansion, reheated (one or more times) and readmitted to the turbine non-reheat turbine a turbine in which the steam is not reheated mixed-pressure turbine a turbine provided with separate inlets for steam supplied at two or more pressures back-pressure

35、 turbine a turbine whose exhaust heat will be used to provide process heat, and whose exhaust is not directly connected to a condenser. The exhaust pressure will normally be above atmospheric pressure (Also referred to as a non-condensing turbine.) condensing turbine a turbine whose exhaust is direc

36、tly connected to a condenser. The exhaust pressure will normally be below atmospheric pressure regenerative-cycle turbine a turbine from which some of the steam is extracted part-way through the expansion in order to heat feed waterEN60045-1:1993 4 BSI 07-1999 extraction turbine a turbine in which s

37、ome of the steam is extracted part-way through the expansion in order to provide process steam. If the turbine includes means for controlling the pressure of the extracted steam, it is called a controlled (or automatic) extraction turbine combined cycle a combination of boiler, steam turbine and gas

38、 turbine, in which the gas turbine exhaust normally contributes to the heat input to the steam cycle single-line combined-cycle a combined-cycle plant in which the steam turbine and gas turbine both drive the same generator. It is not possible to segregate the separate outputs of the steam turbine a

39、nd the gas turbine; and definitions, such as those of heat rate or output given later in this standard, no longer apply NOTEThe terms in3.1 may be combined to define the features of any particular unit. 3.2 Methods of initial steam admission full-arc all of the governing (control) valves supply stea

40、m uniformly to the admission inlet belt of the first stage partial-arc the inlet belt to the first stage is divided into discrete arcs of admission, steam being supplied separately to each arc through, normally, one governing valve; governing valves operate wholly or partially in sequence 3.3 Condit

41、ions terminal conditions the terminal conditions for a steam turbine or turbine-generator are the conditions imposed on the plant at their terminating points of the contract. These may typically comprise: initial and hot reheat steam conditions; cold reheat pressure; final feed water temperature; ex

42、haust pressure; power output; speed; extraction requirements. specified or rated terminal conditions the conditions at the terminating points of the turbine or turbine-generator contract, with which specified output and/or heat rate shall be stated and/or guaranteed. Note that some nuclear steam gen

43、erators supply steam at a pressure which increases as load reduces, and the turbine design must allow for this steam conditions the conditions which define the thermodynamic state of steam, normally (static) pressure and temperature or dryness fraction (or quality). Steam pressure should always be q

44、uoted in absolute units, not as gauge pressure initial steam conditions the steam conditions at inlet to the main stop valves maximum steam conditions the highest steam conditions at which the turbine is required to operate continuously NOTEThe highest steam conditions should not exceed those permit

45、ted by6.2 a) and6.2 b). induction steam conditions the steam conditions of any additional steam entering the turbine at any pressure lower than the initial pressure dual steam conditions the combination of initial and induction steam conditions appropriate to a mixed-pressure turbine reheat steam co

46、nditions the steam conditions at the inlet to the reheat stop valves (Also referred to as hot reheat steam conditions.) cold reheat steam conditions the steam conditions at the outlet of the turbine preceding the reheater extraction steam conditions the steam conditions at the extraction connections

47、 of the turbine, of steam extracted for feed-heating or process purposes exhaust conditions the steam conditions at the exhaust connection from the turbine NOTEUse of the word “design” in respect of any steam conditions, power output, speed, etc., should be avoided in the contract documents. This te

48、rminology should only be applied to the values used in design calculations such as the design pressure for a pressure vessel. 3.4 Speeds rated speed the speed at which the turbine is specified to operate at its rated output maximum continuous speed the upper limit of the operating speed of the turbi

49、ne for continuous service overspeed trip setting the speed at which the overspeed trip is set to operateEN60045-1:1993 BSI 07-1999 5 temporary speed rise the transient increase in turbine speed following a load rejection, with the speed governing system in operation. The rated temporary speed rise applies if the rated output is rejected at the rated speed maximum transient speed maximum rotational speed following rejection of maximum capability by disconnecting the generator from the electric system (with auxiliary supplies previou