AWWA B502-2011 Sodium Polyphosphate Glassy (Sodium Hexametaphosphate).pdf

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1、 ANSI/AWWA B502-11 (Revision of ANSI/AWWA B502-05) AWWA Standard Effective date: June 1, 2011. First edition approved by AWWA Board of Directors June 1, 1967. This edition approved Jan. 23, 2011. Approved by American National Standards Institute April 8, 2011. 6666 West Quincy Avenue Advocacy Denver

2、, CO 80235-3098 Communications T 800.926.7337 Conferences www.awwa.org Education and TrainingScience and TechnologySections The Authoritative Resource on Safe Water Sodium Polyphosphate, Glassy (Sodium Hexametaphosphate) SM Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. ii AWW

3、A Standard This document is an American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard. It is not a specification. AWWA standards describe minimum requirements and do not contain all of the engineering and administrative information normally contained in specifi- cations. The AWWA standards usually contain

4、 options that must be evaluated by the user of the standard. Until each optional feature is specified by the user, the product or service is not fully defined. AWWA publication of a standard does not constitute endorsement of any product or product type, nor does AWWA test, certify, or approve any p

5、roduct. The use of AWWA standards is entirely voluntary. This standard does not supersede or take precedence over or displace any applicable law, regulation, or codes of any governmental authority. AWWA standards are intended to represent a consensus of the water supply industry that the product des

6、cribed will provide satisfactory service. When AWWA revises or withdraws this standard, an official notice of action will be placed on the first page of the classified advertising section of Journal AWWA. The action becomes effective on the first day of the month following the month of Journal AWWA

7、publication of the official notice. American National Standard An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The exi

8、stence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether that person has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. Ameri- can National Standards are subject to p

9、eriodic review, and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. Producers of goods made in conformity with an American National Standard are encouraged to state on their own responsibility in advertising and promotional materials or on tags or labels that the goods are produced in conformity

10、with particular American National Standards. Caution n oti Ce : The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approval date on the front cover of this standard indicates completion of the ANSI approval process. This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. ANSI procedur

11、es require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43

12、rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036; (212) 642-4900, or e-mailing infoansi.org. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information or retrieval system, exc

13、ept in the form of brief excerpts or quotations for review purposes, without the written permission of the publisher. Copyright 2011 by American Water Works Association Printed in USA Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. iii Committee Personnel The AWWA Standards Com

14、mittee on Scale and Corrosion-Control Chemicals, which reviewed and approved this standard, had the following personnel at the time of approval: Robert A. Ryder, Chair General Interest Members J.H. Bambei, Jr.,* Denver Water, Denver, Colo. (AWWA) M.P. Chaulk, CBCL Limited Consultants Ltd., Halifax R

15、egional Municipality, N.S. (AWWA) M.S. McFadden, HDR Engineering Inc., Bellevue, Wash. (AWWA) D. Orozco, Cole & Associates Engineers, Safety Harbor, Fla. (AWWA) R.A. Ryder, Kennedy/Jenks Consultants, San Francisco, Calif. (AWWA) S.J. Posavec,* Standards Group Liaison, AWWA, Denver, Colo. (AWWA) R. V

16、aidya, Camp Dresser & McKee, Tampa, Fla. (AWWA) Producer Members H.T. Belcher Jr., Corrtrac Systems Corporation, Currituck, N.C. (AWWA) C.P. Principi, Carus Corporation, Belmont, N.C. (AWWA) V.J. Verdone, Pristine Water Solutions Inc., Waukegan, Ill. (AWWA) Y. Zhang, DXV Water Technologies Inc., Tus

17、tin, Calif. (AWWA) User Members E.J. Kiefer, North Shore Water Commission, Milwaukee, Wis. (AWWA) R.M. Powell, Pinellas County Utilities, Largo, Fla. (AWWA) J.C. Thurrott, City of Daytona Beach, Daytona Beach, Fla. (AWWA) * Liaison, nonvoting Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Righ

18、ts Reserved. This page intentionally blank. Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. v Contents All AWWA standards follow the general format indicated subsequently. Some variations from this format may be found in a particular standard. Foreword I Introduction vii I.A Ba

19、ckground . vii I.B History vii I.C Acceptance vii II Special Issues viii II.A Storage and Handling Precautions . viii III Use of This Standard ix III.A Purchaser Options and Alternatives ix III.B Modification to Standard . ix IV Major Revisions ix V Comments . ix Standard 1 General 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 P

20、urpose . 1 1.3 Application 1 2 References 2 3 Definitions . 2 4 Requirements 4.1 Physical Requirements . 3 4.2 Chemical Requirements 4 4.3 Impurities 5 5 Verification 5.1 Sampling . 5 5.2 Test Procedures . 6 5.3 Notice of Nonconformance . 8 6 Delivery 6.1 Marking 9 6.2 Packaging and Shipping 9 6.3 A

21、ffidavit of Compliance or Certified Analysis 10 SEC. PAGESEC. PAGE Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. This page intentionally blank. Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. vii Foreword This foreword is for information only and is not

22、a part of ANSI*/AWWA B502. I. Introduction. I.A. Background. Sodium polyphosphate, glassy (Na n+2P n O n+1 , n = 12-16 or 18-21), is a manufactured product obtained by combining comparatively pure chemicalssoda ash (Na 2 CO 2 ) or caustic soda (NaOH)with phosphoric acid. Although the resulting produ

23、ct is consistent in quality and content, each manufacturer may produce it in several different physical forms (Section 4). The density of crushed or granular material is approximately 80 lb/ft 3(approximately 1,280 kg/m 3 ). A solution of 2 lb/gal (0.24 kg/L) has a specific gravity of approximately

24、1.2. The uses of sodium polyphosphate, glassy, include corrosion control, scale preven- tion, iron and manganese stabilization, and sequestering of metallic ions. The chemical is available in a wide range of physical forms and sizes, allowing flexibility in the type of dissolving or feeding apparatu

25、s to be used. I.B. History. The first edition of AWWA B502 was approved as tentative on Jan. 23, 1966. It was approved as a standard on June 1, 1967 , and published as AWWA B502-67. Subsequent revisions were approved by the AWWA Board of Directors as ANSI/AWWA B502-78, ANSI/AWWA B502-83, ANSI/AWWA B

26、502-88, ANSI/ AWWA B502-94, ANSI/AWWA B502-01, and ANSI/AWWA B502-05. This edition was prepared by the AWWA Standards Committee on Scale and Corrosion-Control Chemicals and was approved on Jan. 23, 2011. I.C. Acceptance. In May 1985, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) entered into a coop

27、erative agreement with a consortium led by NSF International (NSF) to develop voluntary third-party consensus standards and a certification program for direct and indirect drinking water additives. Other members of the original consortium included the American Water Works Association Research Founda

28、tion (AwwaRF, now Water Research Foundation ) and the Conference of State Health and Environmental Managers (COSHEM). The American Water Works Association (AWWA) and the Association of State Drinking Water Administrators (ASDWA) joined later. * American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Str

29、eet, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036. Water Research Foundation, 6666 W. Quincy Ave., Denver, CO 80235. Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. viii In the United States, authority to regulate products for use in, or in contact with, drinking water rests with individua

30、l states.* Local agencies may choose to impose requirements more stringent than those required by the state. To evaluate the health effects of products and drinking water additives from such products, state and local agencies may use various references, including two standards developed under the di

31、rection of NSF, NSF /ANSI 60, Drinking Water Treatment ChemicalsHealth Effects, and NSF/ANSI 61, Drinking Water System ComponentsHealth Effects. Various certification organizations may be involved in certifying products in accor- dance with NSF/ANSI 60. Individual states or local agencies have autho

32、rity to accept or accredit certification organizations within their jurisdiction. Accreditation of certi- fication organizations may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Annex A, “Toxicology Review and Evaluation Procedures,” to NSF/ANSI 60 does not stipulate a maximum allowable level (MAL) of a

33、contaminant for substances not regulated by a USEPA final maximum contaminant level (MCL). The MALs of an unspecified list of “unregulated contaminants” are based on toxicity testing guidelines (noncarcinogens) and risk characterization methodology (carcinogens). Use of Annex A procedures may not al

34、ways be identical, depending on the certifier. ANSI/AWWA B502 addresses additives requirements in Sec. 4.3 of the standard. The transfer of contaminants from chemicals to processed water or to residual solids is becoming a problem of great concern. The language in Sec. 4.3.3 is a recommenda- tion on

35、ly for direct additives used in the treatment of potable water to be certified by an accredited certification organization in accordance with NSF/ANSI 60 Drinking Water Treatment ChemicalsHealth Effects. However, users of the standard may opt to make this certification a requirement for the product.

36、 Users of this standard should consult the appropriate state or local agency having jurisdiction in order to 1. Determine additives requirements, including applicable standards. 2. Determine the status of certifications by parties offering to certify products for contact with, or treatment of, drink

37、ing water. 3. Determine current information on product certification. II. Special Issues. II.A. Storage and Handling Precautions. Sodium polyphosphate, glassy, is hygroscopic in nature and must be stored under dry conditions. Exposure to humidity produces a sticky film on the exposed material. This

38、results in poor flow and in caking, which interfere with the rate of dissolution of the product. Refer to material safety data * Persons outside the United States should contact the appropriate authority having jurisdiction. NSF International, 789 N. Dixboro Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105. Copyright 2011

39、 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. ix sheets (MSDS) available from the chemical supplier or manufacturer for additional information. III. Use of This Standard. It is the responsibility of the user of an AWWA standard to determine that the products described in that standard are

40、suitable for use in the particular application being considered. III.A. Purchaser Options and Alternatives. The following information should be provided by the purchaser. 1. Standard usedthat is, ANSI/AWWA B502, Sodium Polyphosphate, Glassy (Sodium Hexametaphosphate), of latest revision. 2. Whether

41、compliance with NSF/ANSI 60, Drinking Water Treatment ChemicalsHealth Effects, is required. 3. Details of other federal, state, or provincial, and local requirements (Section 4). 4. Physical form(s) and quantity (Sec. 4.1.1). 5. Specific maximum impurity content limits, if required (Sec. 4.3). 6. Wh

42、ether the purchaser will reject product from containers or packaging with missing or damaged seals. The purchaser may reject product from bulk containers or packages with missing or damaged seals unless the purchasers tests of representative samples, conducted in accordance with Sec. 5.2, demonstrat

43、e that the product meets the standard. Failure to meet the standard or the absence of, or irregularities in, seals may be sufficient cause to reject a shipment. 7. Form of shipmentbulk or package, type, and size of container (Sec. 6.2.1). 8. Whether alternative security measures have been adopted to

44、 replace or augment the security measures set out in Sec. 6.2.3 and 6.2.4. 9. Affidavit of compliance, certified analysis, or both, if required (Sec. 6.3). III.B. Modification to Standard. Any modification of the provisions, definitions, or terminology in this standard must be provided by the purcha

45、ser. I V. Major Revisions. Major changes made to the standard in this revision include the following: 1. Inclusion of a requirement for compliance with the Safe Drinking Water Act and other federal regulations. 2. Inclusion of a requirement for tamper-evident packaging (Sec. 6.2.3 and 6.2.4). V. Com

46、ments. If you have any comments or questions about this standard, please call AWWA Engineering and Technical Services at 303.794.7711, FAX at 303.795.7603, write to the department at 6666 West Quincy Avenue, Denver, CO 80235-3098, or e-mail at standardsawwa.org. Copyright 2011 American Water Works A

47、ssociation. All Rights Reserved. This page intentionally blank. Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. AWWA Standard 1 ANSI/AWWA B502-11 (Revision of ANSI/AWWA B502-05) Sodium Polyphosphate, Glassy (Sodium Hexametaphosphate) SECTION 1: GENERAL Sec. 1.1 Scope This stand

48、ard describes sodium polyphosphate, glassy, for use in the treatment of potable water, wastewater, and reclaimed water. This material is also known as sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tetrapolyphosphate, and Grahams salt. Sec. 1.2 Purpose The purpose of this standard is to provide the minimum requir

49、ements for sodium polyphosphate, glassy, including physical, chemical, sampling, packaging, shipping, and testing requirements. Sec. 1.3 Application This standard can be referenced in documents for purchasing and receiving sodium polyphosphate, glassy, and can be used as a guide for testing the physical and chemical properties of sodium polyphosphate, glassy, samples. The stipulations of this standard apply when this document has been referenced and only to sodium polyphosphate used in the treatment of potable water, wastewater, and reclaim