ASTM F3237-2018 Standard Terminology Relating to Snow Sport Freestyle Terrain Park Jumps《与冰雪运动自由式地形公园跳跃有关的标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation: F3237 18Standard Terminology Relating toSnow Sport Freestyle Terrain Park Jumps1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3237; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A nu

2、mber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This terminology covers the terms required to describe across sectional profile of a snow sport freestyle terrain parkjump and does not c

3、over any other terrain park feature.1.2 The terms are presented in a sequence considered to bethe most logical with definitions presented later calling uponthose presented earlier. This terminology standard does notrequire the use of any specific units; Imperial units (feet,seconds, degrees) or metr

4、ic units (meters, seconds, degrees)can be used.1.3 The depictions used in this standard are intended to aidin understanding the definitions and are not intended to depictor describe how any particular terrain park jump or itscomponent features should be designed, built or maintained.Some terrain par

5、k jumps may use different configurations orcombinations of features, or they may not incorporate all of thefeatures depicted or defined in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with the use of snow sportterrain park features. Snow s

6、ports and the use of terrain parkfeatures involve inherent risks, and a terrain park feature thatcomplies with all applicable standards or guidelines cannoteliminate all risks associated with terrain park features.Therefore, it is to be clearly understood that compliance withthese applicable standar

7、ds or guidelines in no way guaranteesthat injury can be prevented.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mend

8、ations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Significance and Use2.1 A standard terminology is needed to allow freestyleterrain park designers, builders, ski resorts, accidentinvestigators, and scientists to use a common language indescribing freestyle

9、terrain park jumps.2.2 Angles are taken with respect to horizontal, with posi-tive values indicating an increase in elevation and negativevalues indicating a decrease in elevation along the path oftravel for a terrain park participant using the jump.3. Terminology3.1 Refer to Fig. 1.3.2 Definitions:

10、terrain park, ndesignated area of a ski resort or othersimilar facility containing natural or man-made freestylefeatures such as jumps and jibs.parent slope, nsliding surface within the terrain park uponwhich the feature is placed or constructed. The parent slopeangle may vary with position.average

11、parent slope, nstraight line approximation of theparent slope angle.ground slope, nnatural or man-made surface underlying theparent slope.average ground slope, nstraight line approximation of theground slope angle.jump, nman-made feature that allows a user an opportunityto become airborne, generally

12、 consisting of the jump ele-ments given below.jump elements, nparts of a jump which may include thefollowing (refer to Fig. 1, labels in italics indicate the pointson the sliding surface):approach (a-b), ndownhill sloping surface leading into theapproach transition.approach transition (b-c), nsurfac

13、e connecting the ap-proach (b) to the area where the slope is horizontal. Theapproach transition starts where the surface angle is 75 % ofthe steepest approach angle, and ends where the surface angledeparts zero (horizontal) closest to the lip (c).takeoff (c-f), nsurface area of the jump consisting

14、of thetakeoff transition (c-d), lip (d), top of the takeoff (d-e), andback of the takeoff (e-f).1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F27 on Snowand Water Sports and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F27.70 onFreestyle Terrain Jump Features.Current edition approved

15、 Feb. 1, 2018. Published March 2018. DOI: 10.1520/F3237-18.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization establishe

16、d in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1takeoff transition (c-d), nsurface of the takeoff whichbegins at the end of the approach transition and ends a

17、t the lip(d).takeoff angle, nangle of the takeoff transition just beforethe lip.lip (d), nend of the takeoff transition where the surfaceangle departs sharply from the takeoff angle (d in Fig. 1).top of the takeoff (d-e), ngenerally horizontal section afterthe lip and before the back of the takeoff.

18、back of the takeoff (e-f), nsurface connecting the downhillend of the top of the takeoff to the deck of the jump (or landingarea if there is no deck).deck (f-g), nsurface between the back of the takeoff andthe start of the knuckle region.knuckle region (g-h), nsurface between the deck and thelanding

19、 surface, starting where the surface angle is 25 % of theway between the largest deck angle and the steepest landingangle, and ending where the surface angle is 75 % of thesteepest landing angle.landing area (h-i), nsurface between the end of theknuckle region and the start of the landing transition

20、.landing transition (i-j), ncurved surface between thelanding area and the start of the runout, starting from where thesurface angle is 75 % of the steepest landing angle and endingwhen the surface angle is 25 % greater than the average parentslope angle.runout (j-k), nparent slope that follows the

21、end of thelanding transition.4. Keywords4.1 freestyle terrain park jumpThis standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of thi

22、s standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake

23、your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by

24、contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 1 Freestyle Terrain Park Jump ProfileF3237 182