ASTM F2574-2006(2018) Standard Specification for Low Velocity Projectile Marker.pdf

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1、Designation: F2574 06 (Reapproved 2018) An American National StandardStandard Specification forLow Velocity Projectile Marker1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2574; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision

2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers low velocity projectile markers(herein referred to as LVP marker) that propel

3、a low velocityresilient material projectile (herein referred to as LVRMprojectile as defined in Specification F2573) by means ofenergy released by compressed air, compressed gas, or acombination thereof, with velocity not to exceed 53.34 m/s(175 ft/s).1.2 LVRM projectiles are made of a resilient mat

4、erial andhave a diameter no smaller than 20 mm (0.7874 in) and nogreater than 30 mm (1.18 in.). The hardness of the LVRMprojectile is to be no greater than 75 Shore 00. The weight ofthe LVRM projectile is not to exceed 4.0 g.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values

5、 given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 8, of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof

6、this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, andenvironmental practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decis

7、ion on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1750 Specification for Paintball Marker Threaded-Propellant Source InterfaceF1776

8、 Specification for Eye Protective Devices for PaintballSportsF2573 Specification for Low Velocity Resilient MaterialProjectile2.2 ANSI Standard:3Z535.1 Safety Color Code3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 auto-triggertrigger that, when held in the dischargeposition

9、, will automatically cause the LVP marker to dischargewhen the pump or bolt action is manipulated.3.1.2 backstopobject intended to stop a LVRM projectile.3.1.3 barrelthat portion of a LVP marker through whichthe LVRM projectile is discharged.3.1.4 barrel blocking devicemuzzle blocking safety de-vice

10、 that when properly installed, reduces the likelihood of anintact LVRM projectile discharging from the marker or leavingthe confines of the barrel blocking device. The device is oftenreferred to as a barrel plug or sleeve.3.1.5 cautionary statementwarning outlined in Section 9that is to be placed on

11、 LVP markers, packaging, and literature.3.1.6 disabling devicedevice that, when activated, dis-ables a part of the LVP marker, usually the trigger, to preventunintentional discharges and must be released to allow themarker to be discharged by the movement of the trigger. Thedevice is sometimes refer

12、red to as the “safety,” “safety button,”or “safety lever.” An electronic on/off switch is considered adisabling device if when placed in the “off” position, it rendersthe marker inoperable.3.1.7 discharge modemode that controls the number ofLVRM projectiles discharged per trigger cycle.3.1.8 feed me

13、chanismmechanism that stores, transports,and facilitates the loading of LVRM projectiles. It may begravity, mechanically or air assisted, or automatic in its actions.3.1.9 hopperdevice used with a LVP marker to storeLVRM projectiles.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08

14、 on SportsEquipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.24 on Paintball and Equipment.Current edition approved June 1, 2018. Published August 2018. Originallyapproved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F2574 06 (2014).DOI: 10.1520/F25

15、74-06R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institut

16、e (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in

17、 the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.1.10 impact testerdevice used to test for accidentaldischarges of LVP marker. See Fig. 1.3.1.11 low velocity res

18、ilient material projectileobject pro-pelled by means of a discharge mechanism, capable of storingand releasing energy under the control of the operator, com-prised of a resilient material, and has a diameter no smallerthan 20 mm (0.7874 in) and no greater than 30 mm (1.18 in.).The hardness of the lo

19、w velocity resilient material projectile isto be no greater than 75 Shore 00. The weight is not to exceed4.0 g.3.1.12 low velocity projectile markerdevice specificallydesigned to discharge low velocity resilient material projec-tiles.3.1.13 pump mode markermarker that requires the opera-tor to manua

20、lly cock or engage the sear of the marker beforeeach shot by a means of a pump, bolt, lever, cocking handle, orsimilar device.3.1.14 rangemaximum distance to which an object maybe propelled, whether limited by energy or an obstacle.A. Release LatchB. Compression Spring (spring rate 1.145 kg/cm or 16

21、.28 lb/in.)C. Impact Ball (new pressurized tennis ball with regular felt, total mass of moving parts is 1.13 kg or 2.5 lb)D. Plastic tube with 7.62 cm (3 in.) internal diameterE. Face placed against markerF. Cocking armG. Stroke of 15.21 cm (6 in.)H. Secured support baseFIG. 1 Impact TesterF2574 06

22、(2018)23.1.15 searcatch that holds the mechanism in the ready-to-discharge position until released by the user, usually throughtrigger movement.3.1.16 semi-automatic mode markersemi-automaticmarker discharges one time with each trigger cycle. Markersthat “store” the number of trigger pulls and disch

23、arge morethan one LVRM projectile at some point do not meet thisdefinition. Markers that operate in any other discharge mode(s)do not meet this definition.3.1.17 shore 00applicable durometer type scale to mea-sure the hardness of sponge and foam materials.3.1.18 standard ambient temperature and pres

24、sure(SATP)used to describe a substance at the pressure of 1 bar(1.01325 atmospheres, 750 mm Hg, 14.5 psi, 100 kPa) and atemperature of 25C (77F).3.1.19 targetobject at which the LVRM projectile shall bedischarged.3.1.20 triggerdevice operated by the user to discharge amarker.3.1.21 trigger cyclemove

25、ment of the trigger through dis-charge and returning to a reset or recycle position.3.1.22 trigger pullforce required to move the trigger fromits start or recycle/reset position to a position that dischargesthe marker.4. Significance and Use4.1 This specification establishes performance requirements

26、and test methods for LVP markers.4.2 This specification identifies the minimum warnings andinstructions that are to be provided in literature, on labels, onpackaging, and on the marker itself.5. Conformance5.1 LVP markers shall not, either by label or other means,indicate conformance with this speci

27、fication, unless at the timeof manufacture they conform to all applicable requirementscontained herein.6. Procedure6.1 LiteratureLiterature shall be provided with each LVPmarker and shall include, as applicable, the instructions,cautionary statements, and safety tips specified in Section 11.6.2 Pack

28、agingPackaging shall be labeled in a prominentand conspicuous manner in accordance with the provisions of10.1.6.3 FinishThe exposed edges of all LVP markers shall besmooth and free of sharp edges and burrs.6.4 Shipping:6.4.1 Each LVP marker shall be shipped in an unloaded anddegassed condition.6.4.2

29、 All LVP markers must shoot at a velocity under 53.34m/s (175 ft/s) at the time of shipment at SATP.6.5 Design:6.5.1 All LVP markers intended to be used with removablecylinders shall be able to withstand input pressure of 3000lb/in.2207 bar (3000 psi) without catastrophic failure. Leakingin a manner

30、 that would not cause injury to the operator shallnot constitute failure in accordance with Specification F1750.6.5.2 A markers performance may not be enhanced, includ-ing but not limited to increasing the markers velocity withoutthe use of tools or disassembly.6.5.3 All LVP markers shall only opera

31、te in semi-automaticor pump mode and may not operate in other discharge modes.7. Performance Requirements7.1 Marker FunctionThe cocking or pumping mechanismof a LVP marker shall not cause a marker to dischargeunintentionally while a marker is being cocked in accordancewith the manufacturers instruct

32、ions. This does not limit theuse of “auto-triggers.” Markers shall be a pump or a semi-automatic, or both, as defined in this specification.7.2 Disabling DeviceDisabling devices shall be providedon all LVP markers and all such devices shall keep from firingmarker whether or not the marker is cocked.

33、 All such devicesshall be clearly marked to indicate the “safe” and “fire” or “on”and “off” positions in accordance with 3.1.6. All such devicesshall be capable of preventing the markers from being dis-charged when a weight of 13.6 kg (30 lb) is applied to thetrigger. Tests shall be conducted in acc

34、ordance with 8.3.7.3 Accidental DischargeMarkers should not accidentallydischarge when exposed testing in accordance with 8.3.8. Test Methods8.1 No precision statement on any of the following testmethods is available at this time.8.2 Disabling Device Test:8.2.1 SignificanceThis method determines if

35、the disablingdevice will withstand a 13.6 kg (30 lb) applied weight withoutfailure, causing the marker to discharge.8.2.2 ApparatusA trigger weight system having a 13.6 60.02 kg (30 6 0.05 lb) weight. Arrange the weight system sothat the weights can be picked up by the trigger of the markerwith the

36、marker in a vertical position, muzzle up. (A springgage capable of measuring the trigger force can be used insteadof the weight system.)8.2.3 Test SpecimenThe test specimen shall consist of anew LVP marker selected in accordance with the manufactur-ers usual quality assurance practices.8.2.4 Procedu

37、re:8.2.4.1 Conduct the test at SATP.8.2.4.2 Conduct all tests without LVRM Projectiles in themarker.8.2.4.3 Place disabling device in “safe” position or theelectronic switch in the “off” position.8.2.4.4 Apply a 13.6 kg (30 lb) load at the center point of thetrigger for 30 s with the load applied to

38、 the center of the faceof the trigger and remove the load.8.2.4.5 Put disabling device in the “fire” position or theelectronic switch in the “on” position. The marker must notdischarge as the safety is disengaged.8.2.4.6 Test the marker for proper trigger and disablingdevice action.F2574 06 (2018)38

39、.2.4.7 The marker passes the test if it withstands the loadapplied without causing the marker to discharge during theapplication of the load and does not discharge upon thedisengagement of the disabling device, and the disablingdevice and trigger function properly after testing.8.3 Accidental Discha

40、rge Test:8.3.1 SignificanceLVP markers should not dischargewhile their disabling device is disengaged.8.3.2 Test SpecimenThe test specimen shall consist of anew LVP marker, selected in accordance with the manufactur-ers usual quality assurance practices.8.3.3 Procedure:8.3.3.1 Conduct the test at SA

41、TP.8.3.3.2 Attach a properly charged propellant source if re-quired in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. Testdischarge the marker.8.3.3.3 Leave the marker in the ready to discharge condi-tion.8.3.3.4 Suspend marker using a sling (see Fig. 2).8.3.3.5 Place the cocked impact tester (see

42、Fig. 1) againstthe side of the marker centered on the grip frame directlybehind the center point of the trigger with the impact testerfirmly affixed to an immobile surface.8.3.3.6 Release the impact tester and observe if the markerdischarges.8.3.3.7 Repeat by impacting the marker on the followingaxi

43、s:(1) 180 degrees to the first impact.(2) The front of the barrel aligned with the barrels axis.(3) The rearmost point of the marker aligned with thebarrels axis.8.3.3.8 The marker fails if it discharges on any impact.8.4 Barrel Blocking Device Requirement:8.4.1 SignificanceAll LVP markers that incl

44、ude a barrelmust be packaged with a barrel blocking device.8.4.2 Test SpecimenThe test specimen shall consist of anew LVP marker packaged in the manufacturers originalpackaging.8.4.3 ProcedureOpen packaging and inspect for the pres-ence of a barrel blocking device. Any package not containinga barrel

45、 blocking device fails this requirement.8.5 Impact Testing:8.5.1 SignificanceThe test is intended to simulate situa-tions in which possible damage can occur by reason of itsfalling or other impact situations that may occur as a result ofreasonably foreseeable abuse.After undergoing the appropriatete

46、st, the marker shall be examined for damaged or fracturedcomponents or parts. The marker is not fit for use if damage orfracture is observed.8.5.2 Apparatus:8.5.2.1 Tile Floor AreaThe impact medium shall consistofa3mm(18 in.) nominal thickness of Type IV vinylcomposition tile, composition 1-asbestos

47、 free, as specified inFederal Specification SS-T-312B over at least a 64 mm (2.5 in.)thickness of concrete. The impact area shall be at least 0.3m2(3 ft2).8.5.2.2 Concrete Floor, on which to place the tiles.A. YokeB. Pivot BoltC. SwivelD. 91.29 cm (36 in.) Strap or RopeE. 60.86 cm (24 in.) aluminum

48、bar with 1.27 cm (0.5 in.) diameter or 1.9 cm (0.75 in.) copper tubeF. Hook and loop strap able to suspend marker parallel to and 15.21 cm (6 in.) below EFIG. 2 Sling ExampleF2574 06 (2018)48.5.2.3 Measure, 0.93 m (3 ft, 0.5 in.), to establish the heightof the drop.8.5.2.4 Projectiles, to fill the m

49、agazine or an equivalent.8.5.3 Test SpecimenThe test specimen shall consist of anew LVP marker selected in accordance with the manufactur-ers usual quality assurance practices.8.5.4 Procedure:8.5.4.1 Conduct the test at room temperature 16 to 27C(60 to 80F).8.5.4.2 The marker shall be dropped onto a specified impactarea as a completely assembled operational unit withoutprojectiles.8.5.4.3 Hold the marker at a height of 0.93 m (3 ft, 0.5 in.)above the tile floor area, measured from the point on themarker that is nearest the