ASTM F2571-2015 Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Design and Performance Characteristics of Fitness Equipment《评估健身器材设计和性能特点的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: F2571 09F2571 15 An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forEvaluating Design and Performance Characteristics ofFitness Equipment1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2571; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption

2、 or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe goal of these tests areis to provide reliable and repeatable methods for

3、 the evaluation of fitnessequipment. The equipment users must recognize, however, that conformance to a standard will notnecessarily prevent injuries. Like other physical activities, exercise involving fitness equipmentinvolves the risk of injury, particularly if the equipment is not maintained or u

4、sed properly.1. Scope1.1 These test methods specify procedures and apparatus used for testing and evaluating fitness equipment for compliance toSpecification F2276. Both design and operational parameters will be evaluated. Where possible and applicable, accepted testmethods from other recognized bod

5、ies will be used and referenced.1.2 It is the intent of this standard to specify test methods for fitness products for use by individuals age 13 and above.1.3 RequirementsFitness Equipment is to be tested for all of the following parameters:1.3.1 Stability.1.3.2 Edge and Corner Sharpness.1.3.3 Tube

6、Ends and Holes.1.3.4 Function of Adjustments and Locking Mechanisms.1.3.5 Handgrip Design and Retention.1.3.6 Foot Supports.1.3.7 Load Development and Transmitting Systems.1.3.8 Chain and Gear Drive Design.1.3.9 Entrapment Zones and Guarding.1.3.10 Loading:1.3.10.1 Intrinsic Loading.1.3.10.2 Extrins

7、ic Loading.1.3.10.3 Handlebar Loading.1.3.10.4 Endurance Loading.(1) Seat frame endurance loading.1.3.11 Switch and switch actuation mechanism endurance.1.3.12 Electrical Guarding.1.3.13 Maximum Surface Temperature.1.3.14 Documentation and Warnings Verification.1.4 The values stated in SI units are

8、to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and

9、determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.30 on Fitness Products.Current edition approved Nov. 15,

10、2009June 1, 2015. Published December 2009August 2015. Originally approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 asF2571 09. DOI: 10.1520/F2571-09.10.1520/F2571-15.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what change

11、s have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the officia

12、l document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1749 Specification for Fitness Equipment and Fitness Facility Safety Signage and LabelsF2276 Specification for Fitness Equipment2.2

13、 European Standards:3EN 957-1 Stationary Training Equipment - Part 1: General Safety Requirements and Test Methods2.3 UL Standards:4UL 1439 Standard for Safety Test for Sharpness of Edges on EquipmentUL 1647 Motor-Operated Massage and Exercise MachinesUL 60335 Standard for Safety of Household and Si

14、milar Electrical Appliances2.4 ANSI Standards:5ANSI B29.1 Precision Power Transmission Roller Chains, Attachments and Sprockets3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 breakage, nseparation or damage to the structure or components such that they will no longer support t

15、he applied load.3.1.2 user means, nportion of the fitness equipment that the user operates to perform the desired function of the machine.Examples include handles, lifting arms and rollers.4. Significance and Use4.1 The purpose of these tests are to provide valid and repeatable methods for the evalu

16、ation of fitness equipment assembledand maintained according to the manufacturers specifications. Use of these test methods in conjunction with Specification F2276is intended to maximize the reliability of fitness equipment design and reduce the risk of serious injury resulting from designdeficienci

17、es.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from European Committee for Standardization (C

18、EN), 36 rue de Stassart, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium, http:/www.cenorm.be.4 Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, http:/.5 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.o

19、rg.FIG. 1 Tilt Test Illustation Represents Testing the Verticle Knee Raise Station of this DeviceF2571 1525. Certification5.1 These test methods permit self-certification. It is recommended that each manufacturer employ an independent laboratoryto evaluate and validate that their designs and test pr

20、ocedures conform and comply to these test methods and Specification F2276.6. Sample Preparation6.1 Assemble and adjust the fitness equipment according to the manufacturers instructions. On machines that are fullyassembled, verify according to the manufacturers instructions that all components are fu

21、nctioning and that they have been adjustedand aligned properly. Unless otherwise stated, the machine must pass the tests without adjustment from this initial condition.6.2 The individual test methods will describe any variations or modifications that are allowed or are required to the test sample.7.

22、 Test Methods and Procedures7.1 Stability:7.1.1 Fitness equipment that is designed for the user to maintain balance as part of its function is not required to meet thestability test (that is, a balance board is not tested for stability).7.1.2 Fitness equipment shall be tested with and without the si

23、mulated user load in the orientation that is most obviouslyunstable.least stable.7.1.3 Apparatus and Set-UpRefer to Fig. 1. Place sample on a non-skid surface inclined at 10 in the orientation that is leaststable.The sample shall rest on the supporting surface without anchoring unless the installati

24、on instructions for the machine requirethat the sample be anchored to the floor. If this is the case, then anchor the specimen per the manufacturers recommendations.Determine how the user is placed on the machine to perform the exercise (that is, seated, standing, or prone) and then determinehow the

25、 users body weight is distributed onto the user support surfaces. For the simulated use test, a method of applying a steadystate load equal to the maximum specified users weight or 100 kg (220 lb), whichever is greater, simulating the users weight andits distribution in the vertical direction at the

26、 point(s) of user contact must be provided. As an example, for a seated user, the usersupport surface shall be adjusted to the uppermost position (if adjustable) and the center of gravity of the load shall be positionedapproximatly 300 mm (12 in.) above the user support surface. Possible methods of

27、providing this load include but are not limitedto dead weights.7.1.4 CalibrationUsing an angle measuring instrument accurate to within 0.1, verify the non skid surface is 10 6 0.5.Calibrate the load measurement apparatus to confirm accuracy to within 620 N (4.5 lb) at the specified load of the maxim

28、umspecified user weight or 100 kg (220 lb), whichever is greater.7.1.5 ProcedureTest the sample as follows:7.1.5.1 If the equipment has a storage position that is different than the use position, place or adjust the machine into thatposition. With the tilt surface inclined to 10 verify that the samp

29、le does not tip over.7.1.5.2 Reposition the sample into the use position.With the sample machine no user load applied positioned on the tilt surfaceverify that the sample does not tip over with the tilt surface inclined to 10.7.1.5.3 Using an appropriate load apparatus such as dead weights, distribu

30、te a vertical load equal to the maximum specified userweight or 100 kg (220 lb), whichever is greater (65 %), in a non-impact manner to the specimen where the user contacts themachine during normal operation. If only a portion of the users body is supported by the machine during operation, the simul

31、ateduser weight shall be decreased by the appropriate amount. Raise and support any adjustable devices or other user means tosimulate the furthest point in the range of travel so that its orientation would cause the least stable condition as encountered duringnormal operation as shown in Fig. 1. Ver

32、ify that the sample does not tip over.7.1.5.4 Repeat 7.1.5.1 7.1.5.3 with the sample oriented in any other directions of potential instability.7.1.6 Pass/Fail CriteriaIn none of the above test conditions shall the sample tip over.7.1.7 Precision and BiasNo information is presented about either the p

33、recision or bias of the test for measuring stability sincethe test result is non-quantitative.7.2 Edge Sharpness:7.2.1 The purpose of this test is to verify that there are no edges in the accessible area that would constitute a risk of injury.Where there is uncertainty, a sharp-edge tester as specif

34、ied by UL 1439 is to be employed.7.2.2 Apparatus and Set-UpThe sample shall be set up as described in 6.1.7.2.3 CalibrationCalibrate sharp-edge tester per UL 1439.7.2.4 ProcedureExamine the accessible areas by visual and tactile means to ensure all parts are burr-free, rounded orotherwise insufficie

35、ntly sharp to constitute a risk of injury. Wherever there may be uncertainty as to the sharpness of an edge, usethe edge tester and conduct the test per UL 1439.7.2.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaUse the pass fail criteria of UL 1439 to determine if the sample passes this test.7.2.6 Precision and BiasNo inform

36、ation is presented about either the precision or bias of the test for evaluating sharp edgessince the test result is non-quantitative.7.3 Corner Sharpness:F2571 1537.3.1 This test is a visual inspection of the sample to insureensure that all corners in the accessible areas are radiused orchamfered.7

37、.3.2 Apparatus and Set-UpThe sample shall be set up as described in 6.1.7.3.3 CalibrationNo calibration required. Visual inspection only.7.3.4 ProcedureInspect all corners to verify that the corners have been radiused or chamfered.7.3.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaAll corners in the accessible area shall be r

38、adiused or chamfered.7.3.6 Precision and BiasNo information is presented about either the precision or bias of the test for evaluating corners sincethe test result is non-quantitative.7.4 Tube Ends and Non-Functional Holes:7.4.1 This test is a visual inspection of the unit to insureensure that all t

39、ube ends and non-functional holes in the accessible areaare closed off. Holes smaller than 9.5 mm (0.37 in.) are excluded. Seat or other adjustment holes are exempt from this test.7.4.2 Apparatus and Set-UpThe sample shall be set up as described in 6.1.7.4.3 CalibrationNo calibration required. Visua

40、l inspection only.7.4.4 ProcedureInspect all tube ends and surfaces in the accessible area to verify that the ends and non-functional holes areclosed off by other components, caps, plugs, or covers.7.4.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaAll tube ends in the accessible area shall be closed off or the EN 957-1 test

41、probe shall not be ableto be inserted.7.4.6 Precision and BiasNo information is presented about either the precision or bias of the test for evaluating tube endclosure since the test result is non-quantitative.7.5 Adjustment and Locking Mechanism Function:7.5.1 This test is a visual and physical ins

42、pection of the adjustment or locking mechanisms, or both, used throughout the sample.The purpose is to insureensure that the design prevents inadvertent disengagement, and that the adjustment or locking means donot interfere with the users operation of the machine.7.5.2 Apparatus and Set-UpThe sampl

43、e shall be set up as described in 6.1. Obtain instructions or a descriptive explanationof the function of the adjustment or locking systems used on the sample from the manufacturer.7.5.3 CalibrationNo calibration required. Visual and function inspection only.7.5.4 Procedure:7.5.4.1 Inspect each adju

44、stment or locking point on the sample machine and ensure that it positively locks into position and thatit cannot be disengaged unless the retention system is intentionally deactivated. Examples of positive retention devices include,but are not limited to spring activated pins, clamps or eccentric a

45、ssemblies. Verify that each adjustment and locking mechanismhas a functioning positive retention device.7.5.4.2 Perform the exercise as described in the operation instructions and note the users body position relative to theadjustment or locking means. At no point during the users range of movement

46、shall the adjustment or locking means interfere orlimit the movement of the users body. The locking device shall not be inadvertently disengaged during use. During thisobservation consider the effects of users of different size or body make up.7.5.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaRetention or locking mechanisms

47、that do not function according to the instructions provided by themanufacturer shall fail the test. Retention or locking mechanisms that interfere, or limit the movement of the user during normaloperation of the machine shall fail the test.7.5.6 Precision and BiasNo information is presented about ei

48、ther the precision or bias of the test for evaluatingadjustment/locking system design and function since the test result is non-quantitative.7.6 Handgrip Design and Retention:7.6.1 This test is a visual and physical inspection of the handgrips used on the sample. The purpose is to insureensure that

49、thehandgrip design maintains the users grip, remains in position and, in the case of rotating handgrips, is retained against unintendedmovement during use of the machine.7.6.2 Apparatus and Set-UpThe sample shall be set up as described in 6.1. To facilitate this test a separate handgrip/liftingmechanism replicating the system used on the machine can be set up on a separate test stand.Amethod of applying to the handgripsa steady state force equal to 90 N (20.2 lb) along the longitudinal direction of the grip shall be