ASTM F2508-2011 Standard Practice for Validation and Calibration of Walkway Tribometers Using Reference Surfaces《用基准面验证和校准通道摩擦计的标准操作规程》.pdf
《ASTM F2508-2011 Standard Practice for Validation and Calibration of Walkway Tribometers Using Reference Surfaces《用基准面验证和校准通道摩擦计的标准操作规程》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM F2508-2011 Standard Practice for Validation and Calibration of Walkway Tribometers Using Reference Surfaces《用基准面验证和校准通道摩擦计的标准操作规程》.pdf(5页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: F2508 11Standard Practice forValidation and Calibration of Walkway Tribometers UsingReference Surfaces1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2508; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice is intended to establish the parameters forvalidation and calibration of walkway tribometers.1.2 Thi
3、s practice provides a walkway tribometer supplierwith a procedure and suite of reference surfaces to validate hiswalkway tribometer by properly ranking and differentiating thesurfaces.1.3 This practice provides the user of a walkway tribometerwith a procedure and suite of reference surfaces to testc
4、alibration of his instrument.1.4 This practice describes the necessary materials, specifi-cations, and the cleaning process for reference materials, aswell as the requirements for the validation of a supplierswalkway tribometer and calibration of a users walkwaytribometer.1.5 This practice applies t
5、o walkway tribometers withoutreference to the nature of the scale of the readings produced bythem. The scale used in the reports of validation and calibrationmust be the same, and are to be those of the instrument ordefined for the instrument.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asst
6、andard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly and are not considered standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health p
7、ractices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1349 Practice for RubberStandard Temperatures forTestingD3244 Practice for Utilization of Test Data to DetermineConformance with SpecificationsF1646 Terminology Relating to Sa
8、fety and Traction forFootwear3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor terms used in this practice not identi-fied herein, refer to Terminology F1646.3.1.1 paired t-test, na test of statistical significance basedon the use of students t-distribution and used to compare twosample means (see Appendix X2).3.1.2
9、 supplier, nany individual, agent, company, manu-facturer, or organization responsible for the walkway tribom-eter prior to receipt by the user. D32443.1.3 test foot, nshoe bottom material or surrogatemounted on the walkway tribometer that comes into contactwith the surface being tested.3.1.4 walkwa
10、y tribometer, nany apparatus used to mea-sure the frictional forces acting at an interface between awalkway surface and shoe material.3.1.4.1 DiscussionA judgement of the adequacy of thesefrictional forces acting on a walkway surface/shoe surfaceinterface is the basis for an assessment of slip prope
11、rtiesrelative to human locomotion.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 calibration, nthe set of operations that establishes,under specified conditions, the relationship between the valuesobtained by a walkway tribometer and the correspondingsupplier reference values.3.2.2 referen
12、ce surfaces (RSs), nspecified materials,identified in Section 7, that have an experimentally demon-strated slip properties for a select population of pedestrians andserve as references for walkway tribometer measurements.3.2.3 validation, nthe set of operations that establishes,under specified condi
13、tions, the proper ranking and differentia-tion of reference surfaces by a walkway tribometer.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F13 on Pedestrian/Walkway Safety and Footwear and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF13.10 on Traction.Current edition approved March 15,
14、2011. Published March 2011. DOI:10.1520/F2508-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright A
15、STM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. Summary of Practice4.1 This practice establishes a procedure to: (1) validatewalkway tribometer models against a human gait-based refer-ence system, and (2) calibrate each individual walkway tri
16、bom-eters of a validated model against published suppliers refer-ence values (as defined in 9.1,Eq4).4.2 This practice provides for validation and calibration ofwalkway tribometers as a means of verifying their relationshipto reference surfaces and verifying a particular device contin-ues to produce
17、 consistent results.4.3 The method of ranking walkway surface slip propertiesusing a limited population of ambulating human subjects issupported by a peer-reviewed study.34.4 Validation consists of a series of 40 tests on eachreference surface from this practice. A walkway tribometermodel is conside
18、red valid if it ranks the four reference surfacesfrom this practice in the proper order with statistically signifi-cant differentiation between results obtained for each surface.Validation is intended to be accomplished for each walkwaytribometer model when it is initially introduced and is to beacc
19、omplished by or on behalf of the supplier and madeavailable to each user.4.5 Calibration for a specific walkway tribometer requires aseries of 16 tests on each of the reference surfaces from thispractice. A specific walkway tribometer is considered withincalibration if the bias of the mean test valu
20、es for each surfacefalls within the 95 % confidence interval for the walkwaytribometer model as established by the validation tests (asdefined in 9.1,Eq4).5. Significance and Use5.1 To be meaningful, walkway tribometer results mustcorrelate the slip characteristics of a surface or contaminant, orbot
21、h, to the actual propensity for human slips. To achieve thisgoal, walkway tribometer models must be validated against astandard with relevance to human ambulation.5.2 This practice prescribes a series of reference surfaceswith known relative slip potential ranging from very high tolow (as defined by
22、 laboratory conditions only) upon whichwalkway tribometer models can be validated. The relative slippotential of each reference surface was established from humansubject walking trials.35.3 The following should be considered in applying thevalidation and calibration obtained by this practice:5.3.1 T
23、he scientific study upon which the validation processis based was conducted with a select population of youngadults (mean age 26 years) who were free from gait deviationswhile walking in a straight path on a level surface with a meanwalking velocity of 2.18 m/s. This walking velocity is fasterthan t
24、he average walking velocity for the general populationwhich includes a much wider age range with greater variabil-ity; thus, the study sample population of pedestrians andconditions is not representative of the larger general populationof pedestrians.5.3.2 All subjects walked in Oxford-style shoes w
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