ASTM F2496-2005 Standard Practice for Determining the Scratch Hardness and Scrape Adhesion of Prints and Coatings《测定印刷品和覆层的划痕硬度和擦痕粘性的标准实施规程》.pdf
《ASTM F2496-2005 Standard Practice for Determining the Scratch Hardness and Scrape Adhesion of Prints and Coatings《测定印刷品和覆层的划痕硬度和擦痕粘性的标准实施规程》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM F2496-2005 Standard Practice for Determining the Scratch Hardness and Scrape Adhesion of Prints and Coatings《测定印刷品和覆层的划痕硬度和擦痕粘性的标准实施规程》.pdf(3页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: F 2496 05Standard Practice forDetermining the Scratch Hardness and Scrape Adhesion ofPrints and Coatings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2496; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the y
2、ear of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice describes procedures to obtain subjective,but comparative data for scratch hardness and scrape a
3、dhesionof coatings and color images produced by printers, copies andother reprographic devices.1.2 This method simulates conditions where the surface ofvarious substrates such as paper, film, cloth, and so forth maybe subject to failure under mechanical force.1.3 This test method covers the determin
4、ation of the scratchhardness and scrape adhesion of coatings. Results are ex-pressed in terms of force-to scratch coatings on substrates usedin printing.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of th
5、is standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Terminology2.1 Definitions:2.1.1 scratch hardnessthe force necessary to cut throughthe coating to the substrate.2.1.2 scrape adhesionscratch resistancethe forc
6、e re-quired to scrape a path through the coating or print, when thestylus begins its motion. By moving a free edge of the testcoating against a round stylus or loop under a variable loadexpressed in grams, scrape resistance is determined as theminimum load in grams required to cut through the film t
7、o thesubstrate.3. Summary of Practice3.1 The scratch hardness and scrape adhesion is determinedby pushing the substrate with coating beneath a rounded stylusor loop that is loaded in increasing amounts (weights) until thecoating is scratched.4. Significance and Use4.1 The image life of printed media
8、 displayed in bothtypical office and outdoor environments is dependent oncoating scratch resistance. While natural aging is the mostreliable method of assessing coating scratch resistance, thelength of the time required makes this method impractical formost materials.4.2 Factors in the office and ou
9、tdoor environments, such asheat, cold, thermal shock, ultraviolet/visible radiation andwater vapor can have similar effect on the scratch resistance ofcoatings and prints as mechanical force.4.3 Good scratch resistance is a prime consideration forcoated media and prints. Highly absorptive coatings i
10、n digitalprinting have a tendency to dusting, flaking and cracking whenfolded.4.4 This practice utilizing mechanical force allows com-parative studies of coated and printed media. It is most usefulin providing relative ratings for media which exhibit significantdifferences in performance.5. Interfer
11、ences5.1 Since the scratch resistance adhesion is dependent ontemperature and humidity, it is important that the effects ofmechanical force be assessed under the conditions appropriateto the end use applications. While printed media may behandled and displayed under a variety of conditions, this tes
12、tpractice is intended to measure scratch resistance in typicalindoor environments.5.2 The adhesion is dependent on temperature and should betested at the manufacturers recommended temperature for thebest performance.5.3 The scratch resistance of color images is dependent onthe printing mode, the typ
13、e of color and the amount of appliedink.5.4 The practice is intended to measure scratch resistance ofprinted media without specifying above-mentioned parameters.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F05 on BusinessImaging Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
14、 F05.07 on Ink JetImaging Products.Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published June 2005.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Apparatus6.1 Balanced Beam Scrape Adhesion and Mar Tester (Cata-log Number SG-8101)for e
15、xample available from BykGard-ner2(Fig. 1) consisting of a balanced beam to which is secureda platform for supporting weights, and a rod at an angle of 45that holds the scraping loop or the stylus. The rod shall be setso that the scraping loop or the rounded stylus contacts testsurfaces directly bel
16、ow the weights. On the other end of thebeam is a counter-weight. A cam is rotated to lower and raisethe stylus and a sample bed mounted on ball bearings is usedto move the test sample against the stationary stylus.6.2 The loop shall be 1.6 mm (0.0825 in.) diameter rod, bentinto a “U” shape with an o
17、utside radius of 3.25 6 0.05 mm(0.128 6 0.002 in.) and hardened to Rockwell HRC 56 to 58,and shall be a smooth finish.6.3 The round stylus shall be a smooth cylinder 7.21 mm(0.284 in.) OD and 3.50 mm (0.138 in.) high with attaching rod9.67 mm (0.380 in.) long for assembling and hardened toRockwell H
18、RC 56 to 58.6.4 The loop and the stylus can be either chromium plated,nickel plated, or heat-treated polished steel.6.5 The testers are adjustable to accommodate flat specimento 12 mm (0.5 in.) thick and 100 to 400 mm (4 to 16 in.) wideand long; the specimens should be at least 25 mm (1 in.) wide.6.
19、6 Supplied with the Tester is a set of twelve slotted brassweights with storage track. In the adhesion test, weights areapplied in 100 g increments to a maximum of 2 kg. It ismaximum recommended weight for paper substrate without itsdamage. Higher weights can be used for film and plasticsubstrates.7
20、. Test Specimens7.1 The substrate, method of printing, ink or toner lay down,and handling of printed specimens shall be consistent with theiranticipated end use.7.2 The test specimens should be completely flat becausepaper curls can significantly alternate the scratch resistance.7.3 The test image c
21、an be any picture printed using printfiles containing the appropriate printer setup specific for eachapplication.7.4 The same test image and printer set up should be usedfor comparison purposes.7.5 The recommended test image should consist of a stan-dardized arrangement of color patches printed usin
22、g print filescontaining the appropriate printer setup specific for eachapplication. This test image should contain color patches atmaximum print density of 100 % for each of the primary colorsof cyan, magenta, yellow and black, 200 % for the secondarycolors of red, green, and blue, and 300 % for com
23、posite black.7.6 The recommended color patches should be rectangularwith minimum diameter of 25.4 by 203 mm (1 by 8 in.).7.7 It is recommended that the samples be conditioned 24 hafter printing. The actual testing time after printing should bepresented in the report.7.8 At least three test specimens
24、 have to be printed with atest image if prints scratch resistance is evaluated.8. Conditioning8.1 It is recommended that samples be conditioned at 23Cand 50 % RH for at least 24 h after coating or printing.Specimens should be visually inspected for surface irregulari-ties, which could adversely affe
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