ASTM F834-1984(1999) Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Chests《玩具储蓄盒的安全使用规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: F 834 84 (Reapproved 1999)Standard Consumer Safety Specification forToy Chests1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 834; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num

2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis consumer safety specification addresses toy chest accidents that have been identified by theU.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission

3、(CPSC).For the period from 1973 through 1981, the Commission documented 21 fatalities and one case ofpermanent brain damage from falling toy chest lids. The pattern generally involves a toy chest lidfalling on a child while he or she is leaning into the chest. If the childs neck is extended across t

4、heupper edge of the front of the chest when the lid falls, the child can be caught and strangled. Additionalaccidents and less serious injuries have been identified, including finger entrapment and pinchingassociated with toy chest hardware and attachments.This consumer safety specification attempts

5、 to minimize the following: (1) possible entrapment andstrangulation hazards associated with sudden lid closing or dropping; (2) possible crushing, pinching,and laceration hazards associated with folding mechanisms, hinges, and lid supports; and (3) possiblesuffocation hazards due to lack of adequat

6、e ventilation.This consumer safety specification is written within the current state-of-the-art technology. It isintended to update this specification whenever substantive information becomes available whichnecessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision of existing requirements.1. Sc

7、ope1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the perfor-mance requirements and test methods to ensure the safety oftoy chests.1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to mini-mize the accidents and injuries to children resulting fromnormal use and reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse

8、 of toychests.1.3 For the purposes of this consumer safety specification,these requirements apply to products known as toy chests ortoy boxes that are designed and marketed as storage containersfor toys. The products subject to the requirements are thosewith a volume of 1.1 ft3(0.031 m3) or more.1.4

9、 No toy chest or toy box produced after the approval dateof this consumer safety specification shall, either by label orother means, indicate compliance with this specification unlessit conforms to all requirements contained herein.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest meth

10、ods portion, Section 5, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory l

11、imita-tions prior to use.2. Performance Requirements2.1 Lid Support:2.1.1 Toy chests with vertically opening hinged lids shall beprovided with lid-support mechanisms to prevent suddencollapse or dropping of the lid.2.1.2 The lid-support mechanism shall support the lid sothat at no position in the ar

12、c of travel of the lid from within 2.0in. (50.8 mm) of the fully closed position through an arc not toexceed 60 from the fully closed position shall it drop morethan 0.50 in. (12.7 mm) under the influence of its own weight,except in the last 2.0 in. (50.8 mm) of travel. The test shall beconducted in

13、 accordance with 5.1.2.1.3 The toy chest lid shall comply with this requirementbefore and after being subjected to 7000 opening and closingcycles, as described in Section 5.2.1.4 The lid-support mechanism shall not require adjust-ment by the consumer to ensure adequate lid support, nor shallit requi

14、re adjustment in order to comply with 2.1.2 after beingcycled according to 5.1.2.2.1.5 Lid-support mechanisms shall be designed so as toprevent pinching, crushing, or laceration injuries to fingers.Clearances or gaps produced by the action of such mechanisms(between components of the mechanism or be

15、tween the mecha-nism and the toy chest lid) shall be constructed so that if thegap admits a 0.19-in. (4.8-mm) diameter rod it will also admit1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.22 on ToySafety.Cu

16、rrent edition approved June 29, 1984. Published July 1984.1Copyright ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.a 0.50 in. (12.7 mm) diameter rod at all positions of the arc oftravel of the lid. This requirement does not apply to lid-supportmechanisms installed on t

17、he inside of the toy chest which areat least 12 in. (305 mm) from the front and side edges of the toychest or its lid.2.2 Hinge-Line ClearanceToy chests having a gap orclearance along a hinge line between a stationary portion anda moveable portion shall be constructed so that if the gapadmits a 0.19

18、-in. (4.8-mm) diameter rod, it will also admit a0.50-in. (12.7-mm) diameter rod at all positions of the arc oftravel of the moveable portion.2.3 ClosuresToy chest closures such as lids, covers, anddoors shall not be fitted with automatic locking devices.Closures and lids shall be of a type which can

19、 be opened witha force of 10 lbf (45 N) less when tested in accordance with5.2.2.4 Ventilation:2.4.1 Any toy chest having a door or lid which encloses acontinuous volume greater than 1.1 ft3(0.31 m3) and in whichall the internal dimensions are 6 in. (152 mm) or more shallprovide an unobstructed vent

20、ilation area of greater than a totalof 2 in.2(12.9 mm2) over 2 or more separate openings situatedat least 6 in. (152 mm) apart. The ventilation area shall beprovided when the toy chest is placed on the floor in anyposition and adjacent to two vertical plane surfaces meeting ata 90 angle, so as to si

21、mulate the corner of a room.2.4.2 If a permanent partition or bars (two or more) whichlimit the continuous space by making the largest internaldimension less than 6 in (152 mm) (excluding diagonalmeasurements) are used to subdivide a continuous space, theventilation area shall not be required.3. Lab

22、eling3.1 Each toy chest shall be permanently and conspicuouslylabeled to identify the name and address (city, state, and zipcode) of either the manufacturer, distributor, or seller.3.2 A code mark or other shall be provided on the toy chestand either the packaging or shipping container which willide

23、ntify the date (month and year) of manufacture and permitfuture identification of any given model.3.2.1 The manufacturer shall change the model numberwhenever the toy chest undergoes a significant structuraldesign or material modification, or a change that affects itsconformance with this consumer s

24、afety specification.4. Instructional Literature4.1 Instructions for proper assembly and maintenance shallbe provided in sufficient detail to describe the correct assemblyof components, the resulting hazard if the lid support device isnot installed, and a description of how to determine if thesupport

25、 is working properly.5. Test Methods5.1 Lid Support Mechanisms:5.1.1 Assemble the toy chest in accordance with manufac-turers instructions.5.1.2 Lift the lid to any position in its arc of travel to adistance greater than 2.0 in. (50.8 mm) but not to cause the lidto move through an arc of more than 6

26、0 from the lids fullyclosed position measured at the outermost edge of the lid.Release the lid and observe any dropping motion of a point inthe approximate center of the outermost edge of the lid.5.1.3 Subject the lid to 7000 opening and closing cycles.One cycle consists of raising the lid from its

27、fully closedposition to a fully open position and returning it to fully closed.5.1.4 To prevent undue stress on screws or other fastenersused to attach lid support mechanisms, take care not to forcethe lid beyond its normal arc of travel.5.1.5 Complete one cycle in approximately 15 s. Completethe 70

28、00 cycles within a time period of 72 h, then repeat thetest described in 5.1.2.5.2 Closures and Lids:5.2.1 Vertically Hinged LidsWith the lid in a closedposition, apply a gradually increasing force in an upwarddirection perpendicular to the plane of the lid at a point within1 in. (25.4 mm) from its

29、geometric center. Record the maxi-mum force to cause the lid to begin to open.5.2.2 Other lids, covers and doorsFor all other closures,apply a gradually increasing force in the direction required toopen a completely closed toy chest. Record the maximum forceto cause the closure to begin to open.6. G

30、eneral Requirements6.1 All finishes and materials used in the construction of toychests must be nonhazardous as defined by regulations underthe Federal Hazardous Substances Act and must conform to therequirements of the regulations for Lead in Paint under theConsumer Product Safety Act.26.2 All toy

31、chests must be free of mechanical hazards asdefined by regulations under the Federal Hazardous SubstancesAct establishing safety criteria for sharp points, sharp metaland glass edges, and accessible small parts.26.3 All toy chests should be tested for potential hazards inaccordance with Test Methods

32、 for Simulating Use and Abuseof Childrens Articles published as regulations under theFederal Hazardous Substances Act.2The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connectionwith any item mentioned in this standard. Users o

33、f this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any suchpatent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every fiv

34、e years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee, whic

35、h you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make yourviews known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.2Regulations promulgated under these acts can be found under Title 16 of theCode of Federal Regulations.F 8342This standard

36、 is copyrighted by ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website (www.astm.org).F 8343