ASTM F790-2018 Standard Guide for Testing Materials for Aerospace Plastic Transparent Enclosures.pdf

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1、Designation: F790 18Standard Guide forTesting Materials for Aerospace Plastic TransparentEnclosures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F790; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision

2、.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide is intended to summarize the standard testmethods available on individual and composite materialsutilized in fabrication of

3、aerospace plastic transparent enclo-sures. As such, it is intended to specifically include transparentthermoplastics, transparent elastomers, and reinforced plastics,whether thermoplastic or thermosetting.1.2 This guide is intended as an aid in the search for testmethods pertinent to Aerospace Plast

4、ic Transparent Enclo-sures. It should be understood that all methods listed may notapply to all enclosures.1.3 The standards included refer to the properties or aspectslisted in Table 1. The properties or aspects are listed inalphabetical order and the descriptions used are intended tofacilitate the

5、 search.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prio

6、r to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBa

7、rriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C117 Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-m (No. 200)Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by WashingD149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Powe

8、r FrequenciesD150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permit-tivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical InsulationD256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating MaterialsD412 Test Methods

9、for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionD542 Test Method for Index of Refraction of TransparentOrganic PlasticsD543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics toChemical ReagentsD570 Test Method for Water Absorption of PlasticsD624 Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventi

10、onal Vul-canized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of RigidPlasticsD696 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expan-sion of Plastics Between 30C and 30C with a VitreousSilica DilatometerD746 Test

11、Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plasticsand Elastomers by ImpactD785 Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics andElectrical Insulating MaterialsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-alsD792 Test Methods for Densit

12、y and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD953 Test Method for Bearing Strength of PlasticsD1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittanceof Transparent PlasticsD1004 Test Method for Tear Resistance (Graves Tear) ofPlastic Film and SheetingD1044 Test Method for Resi

13、stance of Transparent Plastics toSurface AbrasionD1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplasticsby Extrusion Plastometer1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F07 on Aerospace andAircraft and is the direct responsibility of F07.08 on Transparent Enclosures andMaterials.Curren

14、t edition approved June 1, 2018. Published June 2018. Originallyapproved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F790 08(2013). DOI:10.1520/F0790-18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of

15、 ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized

16、principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1D1499 Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Expo-sures of Plasti

17、csD1525 Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature ofPlasticsD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hard-nessD2565 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics In-tended for Outdoor ApplicationsD2583 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plas-tics by Means of a Barcol ImpressorD2584

18、Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured ReinforcedResinsD2766 Test Method for Specific Heat of Liquids and Solids(Withdrawn 2018)3D3167 Test Method for Floating Roller Peel Resistance ofAdhesivesD5420 Test Method for Impact Resistance of Flat, RigidPlastic Specimen by Means of a Striker Impacted by a

19、Falling Weight (Gardner Impact)E1269 Test Method for Determining Specific Heat Capacityby Differential Scanning CalorimetryE2716 Test Method for Determining Specific Heat Capacityby Sinusoidal Modulated Temperature Differential Scan-ning CalorimetryE1640 Test Method for Assignment of the Glass Trans

20、itionTemperature By Dynamic Mechanical AnalysisF319 Practice for Polarized Light Detection of Flaws inAerospace Transparency Heating ElementsF320 Test Method for Hail Impact Resistance of AerospaceTransparent EnclosuresF330 Test Method for Bird Impact Testing of AerospaceTransparent EnclosuresF484 T

21、est Method for Stress Crazing of Acrylic Plastics inContact with Liquid or Semi-Liquid CompoundsF520 Test Method for Environmental Resistance of Aero-space Transparencies to Artificially Induced ExposuresF521 Test Methods for Bond Integrity of Transparent Lami-natesF548 Test Method for Intensity of

22、Scratches on AerospaceTransparent PlasticsF733 Practice for Optical Distortion and Deviation of Trans-parent Parts Using the Double-Exposure MethodF734 Test Method for Shear Strength of Fusion BondedPolycarbonate Aerospace Glazing MaterialF735 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TransparentPlasti

23、cs and Coatings Using the Oscillating Sand MethodF736 Test Method for Impact Resistance of MonolithicPolycarbonate Sheet by Means of a Falling WeightF791 Test Method for Stress Crazing of Transparent PlasticsF801 Test Method for Measuring Optical Angular Deviationof Transparent PartsF942 Guide for S

24、election of Test Methods for InterlayerMaterials for Aerospace Transparent EnclosuresF1165 Test Method for Measuring Angular Displacement ofMultiple Images in Transparent PartsF1181 Test Method for Measuring Binocular Disparity inTransparent PartsF1252 Test Method for Measuring Optical Reflectivity

25、ofTransparent MaterialsF1316 Test Method for Measuring the Transmissivity ofTransparent PartsF1362 Test Method for Shear Strength and Shear Modulusof Aerospace Glazing Interlayer MaterialsG154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV)Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials3The

26、 last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.TABLE 1 Property or Aspects of Aerospace Plastic TransparentEnclosuresProperty or Aspect Test MethodAbrasion Resistance D1044Abrasion ResistanceOscillating Sand F735Abrasion TestingSizing Sand for C117Bearing Strength D9

27、53Bird Impact Resistance F330Bond Integrity F521Brittleness TemperatureBy Impact D746Chemical Resistance D543Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion D696Compressive Properties D695Electrical Insulating MaterialDC Resistance or Conductance D257Electrical Insulating MaterialDielectric Breakdown Voltag

28、e D149Electrical Insulating MaterialDielectric Constant D150Electrical Insulating MaterialFlexural Properties D790Electrical Insulating MaterialImpact Resistance D256Electrical Insulating MaterialRockwell Hardness D785Environmental Resistance F520Exposure Apparatus OperationCarbon ARC Type D1499Expo

29、sure Apparatus OperationFluorescent UV Type G154Exposure Apparatus OperationXenon ARC Type D2565Flow Rate D1238Glass Transition Temperature E1640Hail Impact Resistance F320HardnessBarcol D2583HardnessDurometer D2240Heating ElementsDetection of Flaws F319Ignition Loss D2584Impact ResistanceFalling We

30、ight D5420Impact ResistanceFalling Weight (Polycarbonate) F736Index of Refraction D542Interlayer Material Selection F942Light Transmissivity F1316Luminous Transmittance and Haze D1003Optical Angular Deviation F801Optical Angular DisplacementMultiple Images F1165Optical Binocular Disparity F1181Optic

31、al Distortion and DeviationDouble Exposure F733Optical Reflectivity F1252Peel ResistanceFloating Roller D3167Rubber Properties in Tension D412ScratchesIntensity of F548Shear StrengthFusion Bonded Polycarbonate F734Shear Strength and ModulusInterlayer Materials F1362Softening Temperature D1525Specifi

32、c Gravity and Density D792Specific Heat D2766(withdrawn)E1269E2716Stress Crazing F791Stress Crazing F484Tear Resistance D624Tear ResistanceInitial D1004Tensile Properties D638Water Absorption D570F790 1823. Significance and Use3.1 This guide is intended for use by material suppliers,aircraft transpa

33、rent enclosure fabricators, air-framemanufacturers, government agencies, and others that maybecome involved in the testing of transparency components.These test methods provide data on both individual materialsand material combinations commonly utilized in the fabrica-tions of aerospace transparent

34、enclosures comprised of mono-lithic plastic, coated monolithic plastic or laminated construc-tions containing plastics.3.2 Primary properties and their long term stability arecritical to the performance of aerospace transparent enclosures.Property measurement tests define as-manufactured materialpro

35、perties of these materials. Aging procedures provide forexposure of parts or representative sections to environmentsthat induce changes in material properties as determined inproperty measurement tests. Property measurement tests per-formed before and after aging exposure provide a means ofestimatin

36、g the potential usable life span of a transparency or tocompare the durability of one material with another.3.3 When employing these test methods for comparison ofmaterials for weathering effects the user should be aware thatthe many factors influencing degradation due to weatheringvary from one loc

37、ation to another. For direct weatheringcomparisons, all material(s) shall undergo exposure conditionsand property measurements testing at the same time.3.4 The test methods listed include those considered criticalto the performance of aircraft transparent enclosures. Other testmethods to evaluate ma

38、terials shall also be performed wherenecessary. Additional test methods are in preparation and willbe incorporated. The user is advised to employ the latestrevision of any test method.3.5 The dominant component of all transparent enclosures isone, or more, rigid transparent sheet(s). The sheet(s) mu

39、stpermit the necessary visibility while providing structural in-tegrity and protecting the aircraft interior from external envi-ronments as required by the specific aircraft design.3.6 In its most simple form, the rigid transparent sheet maybe the only component of a transparent enclosure.3.7 When m

40、ore than one rigid transparent sheet isemployed, the sheets are laminated with a controlled thicknesswith either an air gap or with a transparent adhesive known asan interlayer.3.8 Transparent enclosure designs often use multiple rigidtransparent sheets to take advantage of specific properties ofdif

41、ferent materials. In this instance, there will be functionsrequired of one of the sheets but not the other.3.9 The test methods, practices and guides listed are asummary of the available test methods applicable to plastictransparent enclosures. They are presented in this format tosimplify the search

42、 and to enable the user to determine if amethod applicable to his requirements is available.4. Keywords4.1 abrasion; acrylic; adhesion; aerospace; bonding; electri-cal; enclosures; environmental; impact; interlayers; materials;mechanical; optical; physical; plastic; polycarbonate; proper-ties; therm

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