ASTM F2071-2000(2017) Standard Specification for Switch Position Proximity (Noncontact) or Limit (Mechanical Contact) Fiber-Optic《位置近似(非接触式)或限值(机械接触式)光纤开关的标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: F2071 00 (Reapproved 2017) An American National StandardStandard Specification forSwitch, Position Proximity (Noncontact) or Limit(Mechanical Contact), Fiber-Optic1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2071; the number immediately following the designation indicates the y

2、ear oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements for fiber-

3、optic position switches (proximity and limit). This specifica-tion does not include switches that transfer an optical signalfrom one path to another by an external force or energy appliedto the switch.1.2 Special requirements for naval shipboard applicationsare included in the Supplement.1.3 The val

4、ues stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-tion only and are not considered standard. Where informationis to be specified, it shall be stated in SI units.1.4 This standard does no

5、t purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was deve

6、loped in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Doc

7、uments2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 9001 Quality SystemModel for Quality Assurance inDesign/Development, Production, Installation, and Ser-vicing3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 closed switch, nthe light path is complete; signalfrom transmitter

8、to receiver is complete.3.1.2 closed switch with positive alarm, nthe light path iscomplete. Signal level indicates that the end faces of thesensing element are dirty and require maintenance for contin-ued proper operation.3.1.3 fiber-optic position switch, na device that convertsmeasured position,

9、via changes in fiber-optic properties, to anoutput that is a function of the applied measurand. Thefiber-optic position switch normally consists of a sensor head,optoelectronics module, and connectorized fiber-optic cable.3.1.4 limit switch, na switch that senses a change inposition via mechanical c

10、ontact.3.1.5 open switch, nthe light path is blocked; signal fromtransmitter to receiver is not complete.3.1.6 optical transmittance change, nthe change in opticalpower level introduced by an environmental, mechanical, orother induced stress.3.1.7 optoelectronics module, nunit of the fiber-opticposi

11、tion switch that contains the optical transmitter andreceiver, and signal conditioning electronics, necessary toconvert the sensed position to the specified output signal. Theoptoelectronics module may be an expansion card for amicroprocessor-based system, or a stand-alone unit.3.1.8 proximity switc

12、h, na switch that senses a change inposition via noncontact means.3.1.9 sensor head, nunit of the fiber-optic position switchthat detects position via changes in optical properties. The1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct

13、 responsibility of Subcommittee F25.10 onElectrical.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2017. Published August 2017. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as F2071 00 (2011).DOI: 10.1520/F2071-00R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcon

14、tact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISOCentral Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1

15、214 Vernier,Geneva, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the

16、 Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1optoelectronics module interrogates the sensor head to deter-mine the position of the measurand. An optical signal ist

17、ransmitted from the optoelectronics module to the sensorhead. The optical path is either complete or blocked, dependingon the status of the item being measured, giving an indicationof the position or status of the item back to the optoelectronicsmodule.3.1.10 steady-state supply voltage, nan input v

18、oltage thatdoes not deviate from a specified nominal tolerance (forexample, 65 %).3.1.11 tether valve limit switch, na limit switch used todetect valve position via a tether line connected to the valvehandle.3.1.12 transient supply voltage, na voltage superimposedon the steady-state supply voltage t

19、hat is greater than thespecified steady-state tolerance and has a very rapid rise andfall.4. Classification4.1 DesignationMost switch manufacturers usedesignations, systematic numbering or identifying codes. Onceunderstood, these designations could aid the purchaser inquickly identifying the switch

20、type, electrical power ratings,and other characteristics.4.2 DesignFiber-optic position switches typically consistof an assembly with three major components: optical sensorhead, fiber-optic cables, and optoelectronics module. Theoptoelectronics module shall be interchangeable between anyof the senso

21、r types.4.3 TypesThe following are common types of fiber-opticposition switches:ProximityLimit, pin actuatedLimit, lever actuatedLimit, lever and rollerLimit, tether valve4.3.1 Fiber-Optic Proximity SwitchesThe fiber-opticproximity switch sensor head receives the light beam from thelight source in t

22、he optoelectronics module via a fiber-opticcable. The sensor head emits the light beam to detect an objectin a specific location. The sensor head also receives the lightbeam reflection from the object, typically via a wide anglereceiving lens, and is detected by the light beam receivingdevice in the

23、 optoelectronics module. When the object movesinto the sensing site, the light beam is reflected into thereceiving lens completing the fiber-optic light path. It isimportant to consider contrasting light levels between reflec-tions from background objects when no object to be detected ispresent and

24、reflections from the object to be detected, whenselecting a fiber-optic proximity switch.4.3.2 Fiber-Optic Limit Switches The fiber-optic limitswitch sensor head houses the mechanical contact device thatsenses the position of the object to be detected. The mechanicalcontact device is typically a pin

25、 or plunger, lever, roller, leverand roller, or tether valve. The fiber-optic limit switch sensorhead receives the light beam from the light source in theoptoelectronics module via a fiber-optic cable. The samefiber-optic cable allows completion of the light path to afiber-optic receiver in the opto

26、electronics module. Dependentupon the configuration of the switch, the mechanical contactdevice either completes or breaks the light path upon detectionof the object.5. Ordering Information5.1 The purchaser should provide the manufacturer with allof the pertinent application data. Recommended data i

27、s shownin 5.2. If special application operating conditions exist that arenot shown in the acquisition requirements, they should also bedescribed.5.2 Acquisition RequirementsAcquisition documentsshould specify the following:(1) Title, number, and date of this specification,(2) Manufacturers part numb

28、er,(3) Switch type required (see 4.3),(4) Unique or special enclosure requirements (see 7.1),(5) Type of optoelectronics module (see 7.2). If controlenclosure or console mounted, specify requirements,(6) Length of fiber-optic cable required,(7) Type of electrical connection (see 7.4),(8) When the el

29、ectrical connection mating plug is not to beprovided (see 7.4),(9) System operating characteristics,(10) Materials,(11) Environmental requirements,(12) Quantity of switches required,(13) Size and weight restrictions (see 7.5),(14) Critical service life requirements (see 8.1),(15) Performance require

30、ments (see 8.2),(16) Special surface finish requirements (see 9.1),(17) Special workmanship requirements (see 9.2),(18) When certification is required (see 13),(19) Special marking requirements (see 14),(20) Special packaging or package marking requirements(see 15),(21) When ISO 9001 quality assuran

31、ce system is notrequired (see 16.1), and(22) Special warranty requirements (see 16.1).6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Position SwitchesMaterials for the fiber-optic positionswitches shall be corrosion resistant and noncombustible or fireretardant.7. Physical Properties7.1 EnclosureIf case sealing is

32、 required, the mechanism,materials, and process shall be described. The same shouldapply to the electrical connector. Resistance to cleaning sol-vents should likewise be stated. Unique or special enclosurerequirements shall be specified in the acquisition requirements(see 5.2).7.2 Optoelectronics Mo

33、duleThe optoelectronics moduleshall contain the optical and signal conditioner devices neces-sary to convert the sensor head output to the specified electricalF2071 00 (2017)2output. Optoelectronics modules shall be designed in consid-eration of their mounting method (type): bulkhead mounted,control

34、 enclosure mounted, or console mounted (microproces-sor expansion card).7.3 External ConfigurationThe outline drawing shallshow the configuration with dimensions in SI units (inch-pound units) if they are not specified. The outline drawing shallinclude limiting dimensions for electrical and fiber-op

35、tic con-nections if they are not specified. The outline drawing shallindicate the mounting method with hole size, center location,and other pertinent dimensions. Where threaded holes are used,thread specifications shall be provided.7.4 Electrical ConnectionAn electrical interface connec-tor receptac

36、le and mating plug shall be provided with eachoptoelectronics module of the position switch unless otherwisespecified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2). Otherpossible electrical interface connections include pigtails andterminal boards.7.5 Size and WeightThe purchaser may have intendedapplic

37、ations in which size and weight are limited. Size andweight restrictions shall be specified in the acquisition require-ments (see 5.2).8. Performance Requirements8.1 Service LifeThe purchaser may have a minimumspecified service life requirement that may be critical. Criticalservice life requirements

38、 shall be specified in the acquisitionrequirements (see 5.2).8.2 Switch PerformanceCritical performance require-ments shall be specified in the acquisition requirements (see5.2). The following performance characteristics and environ-mental exposures may or may not be important to eachpurchasers inte

39、nded application.(1) Warm-up time,(2) Steady-state supply voltage and frequency (ac),(3) Steady-state supply voltage (dc),(4) Response time,(5) Transient supply voltage and frequency (ac),(6) Transient supply voltage (dc),(7) Change in optical transmittance,(8) Dynamic range,(9) Ambient light suscep

40、tibility,(10) Temperature,(11) Humidity,(12) Salt spray,(13) Insulation resistance,(14) Power interruption,(15) Short circuit,(16) Line voltage reversal (dc powered),(17) Output,(18) Mechanical life,(19) Enclosure,(20) Vibration,(21) Shock,(22) Electromagnetic interference (EMI), and(23) Power syste

41、m harmonic distortion.9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance9.1 Finish and AppearanceAny special surface finish andappearance requirements shall be specified in the acquisitionrequirements (see 5.2).9.2 WorkmanshipAny special workmanship requirementsshall be specified in the acquisition requirements

42、 (see 5.2).10. Number of Tests and Retests10.1 The number of test specimens to be subjected tofirst-article and conformance tests shall be specified and shoulddepend on the fiber-optic position switch design. As guidance,for each switch covered by a separate and distinct design, a testspecimen for e

43、ach design should require testing. In instances inwhich a singular design series may cover multiple switchconfigurations, a minimum of three test specimens should betested, provided the electrical, optical, and mechanical simi-larities are approved by the purchaser. It is recommended thatone unit be

44、 tested for each switch configuration regardless ofdesign similarity.11. Inspection11.1 Classification of Inspections The inspection require-ments specified herein are classified as follows:(1) First-article tests (see 11.2)(2) Conformance tests (see 11.3)11.2 First-Article TestsFirst-article test r

45、equirements shallbe specified, where applicable. First-article test methods shouldbe identified for each design and performance characteristicspecified.11.3 Conformance TestsConformance testing is accom-plished when first-article tests were satisfied by a previousacquisition or the product has demon

46、strated reliability insimilar applications. Conformance tests are usually less inten-sive than first-article tests, often verifying that samples of aproduction lot meet a few critical performance requirements.12. Test Data12.1 Test DataTest data shall remain on file at the manu-facturers facility fo

47、r review by the purchaser upon request. Itis recommended that test data be retained in the manufacturersfiles for at least three years or a period of time acceptable to thepurchaser and manufacturer.13. Certification13.1 When specified in the acquisition requirements (see5.2), the purchaser shall be

48、 furnished certification that samplesrepresenting each lot have been either tested or inspected asdirected in this specification and the requirements have beenmet.14. Product Marking14.1 Special purchaser specified product marking shall belisted in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2). The minimum

49、data to be clearly marked on each switch shall include thefollowing:F2071 00 (2017)314.1.1 Sensor Head:(1) “FIBER-OPTIC POSITIONS SWITCHSENSORHEAD,”(2) Manufacturers name,(3) Manufacturers serial number or lot number, and(4) Manufacturers part number.14.1.2 Optoelectronics Module:(1) “FIBER-OPTIC POSITION SWITCHOPTOELECTRONICS MODULE,”(2) Manufacturers name,(3) Manufacturers serial number or lot number,(4) Manufacturers part number, and(5) Excitation voltage.15. Packaging and Package Marking15.1 Packaging of Product for DeliveryProduc