ASTM F2071-2000(2011) Standard Specification for Switch Position Proximity (Noncontact) or Limit (Mechanical Contact) Fiber-Optic《位置接近(不接触)或限制(机械连接)的纤维光学开关的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: F2071 00 (Reapproved 2011)An American National StandardStandard Specification forSwitch, Position Proximity (Noncontact) or Limit(Mechanical Contact), Fiber-Optic1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2071; the number immediately following the designation indicates the ye

2、ar oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements for fiber-o

3、ptic position switches (proximity and limit). This specifica-tion does not include switches that transfer an optical signalfrom one path to another by an external force or energy appliedto the switch.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses ar

4、e for informationonly. Where information is to be specified, it shall be stated inSI units.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practi

5、ces and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 Special requirements for naval shipboard applicationsare included in the Supplement.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging2.2 ISO Standards:ISO 9001 Quality SystemModel for Qua

6、lityAssurance inDesign/Development, Production, Installation, and Ser-vicing33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 closed switchthe light path is complete; signal fromtransmitter to receiver is complete.3.1.2 closed switch with positive alarmthe light path iscomplete. Signal level indicates that the e

7、nd faces of thesensing element are dirty and require maintenance for contin-ued proper operation.3.1.3 fiber-optic position switcha device that convertsmeasured position, via changes in fiber-optic properties, to anoutput that is a function of the applied measurand. Thefiber-optic position switch no

8、rmally consists of a sensor head,optoelectronics module, and connectorized fiber-optic cable.3.1.4 limit switcha switch that senses a change in positionvia mechanical contact.3.1.5 open switchthe light path is blocked; signal fromtransmitter to receiver is not complete.3.1.6 optical transmittance ch

9、angethe change in opticalpower level introduced by an environmental, mechanical, orother induced stress.3.1.7 optoelectronics moduleunit of the fiber-optic posi-tion switch that contains the optical transmitter and receiver,and signal conditioning electronics, necessary to convert thesensed position

10、 to the specified output signal. The optoelec-tronics module may be an expansion card for a microprocessor-based system, or a stand-alone unit.3.1.8 proximity switcha switch that senses a change inposition via noncontact means.3.1.9 sensor headunit of the fiber-optic position switchthat detects posi

11、tion via changes in optical properties. Theoptoelectronics module interrogates the sensor head to deter-mine the position of the measurand. An optical signal istransmitted from the optoelectronics module to the sensorhead. The optical path is either complete or blocked, dependingon the status of the

12、 item being measured, giving an indicationof the position or status of the item back to the optoelectronicsmodule.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.10 onElectrical.Current edition app

13、roved April 1, 2011. Published April 2011. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F2071 00(2006).DOI: 10.1520/F2071-00R11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMSt

14、andards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue deVaremb, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West C

15、onshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.10 steady-state supply voltagean input voltage thatdoes not deviate from a specified nominal tolerance (forexample, 65 %).3.1.11 tether valve limit switcha limit switch used todetect valve position via a tether line connected to the valvehandle.3.1.12 tr

16、ansient supply voltagea voltage superimposed onthe steady-state supply voltage that is greater than the specifiedsteady-state tolerance and has a very rapid rise and fall.4. Classification4.1 DesignationMost switch manufacturers use designa-tions, systematic numbering or identifying codes. Once unde

17、r-stood, these designations could aid the purchaser in quicklyidentifying the switch type, electrical power ratings, and othercharacteristics.4.2 DesignFiber-optic position switches typically consistof an assembly with three major components: optical sensorhead, fiber-optic cables, and optoelectroni

18、cs module. Theoptoelectronics module shall be interchangeable between anyof the sensor types.4.3 TypesThe following are common types of fiber-opticposition switches:ProximityLimit, pin actuatedLimit, lever actuatedLimit, lever and rollerLimit, tether valve4.3.1 Fiber-Optic Proximity SwitchesThe fibe

19、r-opticproximity switch sensor head receives the light beam from thelight source in the optoelectronics module via a fiber-opticcable. The sensor head emits the light beam to detect an objectin a specific location. The sensor head also receives the lightbeam reflection from the object, typically via

20、 a wide anglereceiving lens, and is detected by the light beam receivingdevice in the optoelectronics module. When the object movesinto the sensing site, the light beam is reflected into thereceiving lens completing the fiber-optic light path. It isimportant to consider contrasting light levels betw

21、een reflec-tions from background objects when no object to be detected ispresent and reflections from the object to be detected, whenselecting a fiber-optic proximity switch.4.3.2 Fiber-Optic Limit SwitchesThe fiber-optic limitswitch sensor head houses the mechanical contact device thatsenses the po

22、sition of the object to be detected. The mechanicalcontact device is typically a pin or plunger, lever, roller, leverand roller, or tether valve. The fiber-optic limit switch sensorhead receives the light beam from the light source in theoptoelectronics module via a fiber-optic cable. The samefiber-

23、optic cable allows completion of the light path to afiber-optic receiver in the optoelectronics module. Dependentupon the configuration of the switch, the mechanical contactdevice either completes or breaks the light path upon detectionof the object.5. Ordering Information5.1 The purchaser should pr

24、ovide the manufacturer with allof the pertinent application data. Recommended data is shownin 5.2. If special application operating conditions exist that arenot shown in the acquisition requirements, they should also bedescribed.5.2 Acquisition RequirementsAcquisition documentsshould specify the fol

25、lowing:(1) Title, number, and date of this specification,(2) Manufacturers part number,(3) Switch type required (see 4.3),(4) Unique or special enclosure requirements (see 7.1),(5) Type of optoelectronics module (see 7.2). If controlenclosure or console mounted, specify requirements,(6) Length of fi

26、ber-optic cable required,(7) Type of electrical connection (see 7.4),(8) When the electrical connection mating plug is not to beprovided (see 7.4),(9) System operating characteristics,(10) Materials,(11) Environmental requirements,(12) Quantity of switches required,(13) Size and weight restrictions

27、(see 7.5),(14) Critical service life requirements (see 8.1),(15) Performance requirements (see 8.2),(16) Special surface finish requirements (see 9.1),(17) Special workmanship requirements (see 9.2),(18) When certification is required (see 13),(19) Special marking requirements (see 14),(20) Special

28、packaging or package marking requirements(see 15),(21) When ISO 9001 quality assurance system is notrequired (see 16.1), and(22) Special warranty requirements (see 16.1).6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Position SwitchesMaterials for the fiber-optic positionswitches shall be corrosion resistant and n

29、oncombustible or fireretardant.7. Physical Properties7.1 EnclosureIf case sealing is required, the mechanism,materials, and process shall be described. The same shouldapply to the electrical connector. Resistance to cleaning sol-vents should likewise be stated. Unique or special enclosurerequirement

30、s shall be specified in the acquisition requirements(see 5.2).7.2 Optoelectronics ModuleThe optoelectronics moduleshall contain the optical and signal conditioner devices neces-sary to convert the sensor head output to the specified electricaloutput. Optoelectronics modules shall be designed in cons

31、id-eration of their mounting method (type): bulkhead mounted,control enclosure mounted, or console mounted (microproces-sor expansion card).7.3 External ConfigurationThe outline drawing shallshow the configuration with dimensions in SI units (inch-pound units) if they are not specified. The outline

32、drawing shallinclude limiting dimensions for electrical and fiber-optic con-nections if they are not specified. The outline drawing shallindicate the mounting method with hole size, center location,and other pertinent dimensions. Where threaded holes are used,thread specifications shall be provided.

33、F2071 00 (2011)27.4 Electrical ConnectionAn electrical interface connec-tor receptacle and mating plug shall be provided with eachoptoelectronics module of the position switch unless otherwisespecified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2). Otherpossible electrical interface connections include

34、pigtails andterminal boards.7.5 Size and WeightThe purchaser may have intendedapplications in which size and weight are limited. Size andweight restrictions shall be specified in the acquisition require-ments (see 5.2).8. Performance Requirements8.1 Service LifeThe purchaser may have a minimumspecif

35、ied service life requirement that may be critical. Criticalservice life requirements shall be specified in the acquisitionrequirements (see 5.2).8.2 Switch PerformanceCritical performance require-ments shall be specified in the acquisition requirements (see5.2). The following performance characteris

36、tics and environ-mental exposures may or may not be important to eachpurchasers intended application.(1) Warm-up time,(2) Steady-state supply voltage and frequency (ac),(3) Steady-state supply voltage (dc),(4) Response time,(5) Transient supply voltage and frequency (ac),(6) Transient supply voltage

37、 (dc),(7) Change in optical transmittance,(8) Dynamic range,(9) Ambient light susceptibility,(10) Temperature,(11) Humidity,(12) Salt spray,(13) Insulation resistance,(14) Power interruption,(15) Short circuit,(16) Line voltage reversal (dc powered),(17) Output,(18) Mechanical life,(19) Enclosure,(2

38、0) Vibration,(21) Shock,(22) Electromagnetic interference (EMI), and(23) Power system harmonic distortion.9. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance9.1 Finish and AppearanceAny special surface finish andappearance requirements shall be specified in the acquisitionrequirements (see 5.2).9.2 WorkmanshipAny

39、 special workmanship requirementsshall be specified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2).10. Number of Tests and Retests10.1 The number of test specimens to be subjected tofirst-article and conformance tests shall be specified and shoulddepend on the fiber-optic position switch design. As guida

40、nce,for each switch covered by a separate and distinct design, a testspecimen for each design should require testing. In instances inwhich a singular design series may cover multiple switchconfigurations, a minimum of three test specimens should betested, provided the electrical, optical, and mechan

41、ical simi-larities are approved by the purchaser. It is recommended thatone unit be tested for each switch configuration regardless ofdesign similarity.11. Inspection11.1 Classification of InspectionsThe inspection require-ments specified herein are classified as follows:(1) First-article tests (see

42、 11.2)(2) Conformance tests (see 11.3)11.2 First-Article TestsFirst-article test requirements shallbe specified, where applicable. First-article test methods shouldbe identified for each design and performance characteristicspecified.11.3 Conformance TestsConformance testing is accom-plished when fi

43、rst-article tests were satisfied by a previousacquisition or the product has demonstrated reliability insimilar applications. Conformance tests are usually less inten-sive than first-article tests, often verifying that samples of aproduction lot meet a few critical performance requirements.12. Test

44、Data12.1 Test DataTest data shall remain on file at themanufacturers facility for review by the purchaser uponrequest. It is recommended that test data be retained in themanufacturers files for at least three years or a period of timeacceptable to the purchaser and manufacturer.13. Certification13.1

45、 When specified in the acquisition requirements (see5.2), the purchaser shall be furnished certification that samplesrepresenting each lot have been either tested or inspected asdirected in this specification and the requirements have beenmet.14. Product Marking14.1 Special purchaser specified produ

46、ct marking shall belisted in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2). The minimumdata to be clearly marked on each switch shall include thefollowing:14.1.1 Sensor Head:(1) “FIBER-OPTIC POSITIONS SWITCHSENSORHEAD,”(2) Manufacturers name,(3) Manufacturers serial number or lot number, and(4) Manufacture

47、rs part number.14.1.2 Optoelectronics Module:(1) “FIBER-OPTIC POSITION SWITCHOPTOELECTRONICS MODULE”(2) Manufacturers name,(3) Manufacturers serial number or lot number,(4) Manufacturers part number, and(5) Excitation voltage.F2071 00 (2011)315. Packaging and Package Marking15.1 Packaging of Product

48、 for DeliveryProduct should bepackaged and marked for shipment in accordance with PracticeD3951.15.2 Special packaging or package marking requirementsfor shipment or storage shall be identified in the acquisitionrequirements (see 5.2).16. Quality Assurance16.1 Quality SystemA quality assurance syste

49、m in accor-dance with ISO 9001 shall be maintained to control the qualityof the product being supplied effectively, unless otherwisespecified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2).16.2 Responsibility for WarrantyUnless otherwise speci-fied, the manufacturer is responsible for the following:(1) All materials used to produce a unit and(2) Workmanship to produce the unit.Special warranty requirements shall be specified in theacquisition requirements (see 5.2).17. Keywords17.1 fiber-optic position switch; limit switch; optoelectron-