ASTM F2071-2000(2006) Standard Specification for Switch Position Proximity (Noncontact) or Limit (Mechanical Contact) Fiber-Optic《位置近似(非接触式)或限值(机械接触式)光纤开关标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: F 2071 00 (Reapproved 2006)An American National StandardStandard Specification forSwitch, Position Proximity (Noncontact) or Limit(Mechanical Contact), Fiber-Optic1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2071; the number immediately following the designation indicates the

2、year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements for fibe

3、r-optic position switches (proximity and limit). This specifica-tion does not include switches that transfer an optical signalfrom one path to another by an external force or energy appliedto the switch.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses

4、 are for informationonly. Where information is to be specified, it shall be stated inSI units.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health pra

5、ctices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 Special requirements for naval shipboard applicationsare included in the Supplement.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging2.2 ISO Standards:ISO 9001 Quality SystemModel for

6、 QualityAssurance inDesign/Development, Production, Installation, and Ser-vicing33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 closed switchthe light path is complete; signal fromtransmitter to receiver is complete.3.1.2 closed switch with positive alarmthe light path iscomplete. Signal level indicates that t

7、he end faces of thesensing element are dirty and require maintenance for contin-ued proper operation.3.1.3 fiber-optic position switcha device that convertsmeasured position, via changes in fiber-optic properties, to anoutput that is a function of the applied measurand. Thefiber-optic position switc

8、h normally consists of a sensor head,optoelectronics module, and connectorized fiber-optic cable.3.1.4 limit switcha switch that senses a change in positionvia mechanical contact.3.1.5 open switchthe light path is blocked; signal fromtransmitter to receiver is not complete.3.1.6 optical transmittanc

9、e changethe change in opticalpower level introduced by an environmental, mechanical, orother induced stress.3.1.7 optoelectronics moduleunit of the fiber-optic posi-tion switch that contains the optical transmitter and receiver,and signal conditioning electronics, necessary to convert thesensed posi

10、tion to the specified output signal. The optoelec-tronics module may be an expansion card for a microprocessor-based system, or a stand-alone unit.3.1.8 proximity switcha switch that senses a change inposition via noncontact means.3.1.9 sensor headunit of the fiber-optic position switchthat detects

11、position via changes in optical properties. Theoptoelectronics module interrogates the sensor head to deter-mine the position of the measurand. An optical signal istransmitted from the optoelectronics module to the sensorhead. The optical path is either complete or blocked, dependingon the status of

12、 the item being measured, giving an indicationof the position or status of the item back to the optoelectronicsmodule.3.1.10 steady-state supply voltagean input voltage thatdoes not deviate from a specified nominal tolerance (forexample, 65 %).1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Co

13、mmittee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.10 onElectrical.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2006. Published February 2006. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as F 2071 00.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the AST

14、M website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue deVaremb, Case postale 56, CH-

15、1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.11 tether valve limit switcha limit switch used todetect valve position via a tether line connected to the valvehandle.3.1.12 transient supply voltagea

16、voltage superimposed onthe steady-state supply voltage that is greater than the specifiedsteady-state tolerance and has a very rapid rise and fall.4. Classification4.1 DesignationMost switch manufacturers use designa-tions, systematic numbering or identifying codes. Once under-stood, these designati

17、ons could aid the purchaser in quicklyidentifying the switch type, electrical power ratings, and othercharacteristics.4.2 DesignFiber-optic position switches typically consistof an assembly with three major components: optical sensorhead, fiber-optic cables, and optoelectronics module. Theoptoelectr

18、onics module shall be interchangeable between anyof the sensor types.4.3 TypesThe following are common types of fiber-opticposition switches:ProximityLimit, pin actuatedLimit, lever actuatedLimit, lever and rollerLimit, tether valve4.3.1 Fiber-Optic Proximity SwitchesThe fiber-opticproximity switch

19、sensor head receives the light beam from thelight source in the optoelectronics module via a fiber-opticcable. The sensor head emits the light beam to detect an objectin a specific location. The sensor head also receives the lightbeam reflection from the object, typically via a wide anglereceiving l

20、ens, and is detected by the light beam receivingdevice in the optoelectronics module. When the object movesinto the sensing site, the light beam is reflected into thereceiving lens completing the fiber-optic light path. It isimportant to consider contrasting light levels between reflec-tions from ba

21、ckground objects when no object to be detected ispresent and reflections from the object to be detected, whenselecting a fiber-optic proximity switch.4.3.2 Fiber-Optic Limit SwitchesThe fiber-optic limitswitch sensor head houses the mechanical contact device thatsenses the position of the object to

22、be detected. The mechanicalcontact device is typically a pin or plunger, lever, roller, leverand roller, or tether valve. The fiber-optic limit switch sensorhead receives the light beam from the light source in theoptoelectronics module via a fiber-optic cable. The samefiber-optic cable allows compl

23、etion of the light path to afiber-optic receiver in the optoelectronics module. Dependentupon the configuration of the switch, the mechanical contactdevice either completes or breaks the light path upon detectionof the object.5. Ordering Information5.1 The purchaser should provide the manufacturer w

24、ith allof the pertinent application data. Recommended data is shownin 5.2. If special application operating conditions exist that arenot shown in the acquisition requirements, they should also bedescribed.5.2 Acquisition RequirementsAcquisition documentsshould specify the following:(1) Title, number

25、, and date of this specification,(2) Manufacturers part number,(3) Switch type required (see 4.3),(4) Unique or special enclosure requirements (see 7.1),(5) Type of optoelectronics module (see 7.2). If controlenclosure or console mounted, specify requirements,(6) Length of fiber-optic cable required

26、,(7) Type of electrical connection (see 7.4),(8) When the electrical connection mating plug is not to beprovided (see 7.4),(9) System operating characteristics,(10) Materials,(11) Environmental requirements,(12) Quantity of switches required,(13) Size and weight restrictions (see 7.5),(14) Critical

27、service life requirements (see 8.1),(15) Performance requirements (see 8.2),(16) Special surface finish requirements (see 9.1),(17) Special workmanship requirements (see 9.2),(18) When certification is required (see 13),(19) Special marking requirements (see 14),(20) Special packaging or package mar

28、king requirements(see 15),(21) When ISO 9001 quality assurance system is notrequired (see 16.1), and(22) Special warranty requirements (see 16.1).6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Position SwitchesMaterials for the fiber-optic positionswitches shall be corrosion resistant and noncombustible or fireret

29、ardant.7. Physical Properties7.1 EnclosureIf case sealing is required, the mechanism,materials, and process shall be described. The same shouldapply to the electrical connector. Resistance to cleaning sol-vents should likewise be stated. Unique or special enclosurerequirements shall be specified in

30、the acquisition requirements(see 5.2).7.2 Optoelectronics ModuleThe optoelectronics moduleshall contain the optical and signal conditioner devices neces-sary to convert the sensor head output to the specified electricaloutput. Optoelectronics modules shall be designed in consid-eration of their moun

31、ting method (type): bulkhead mounted,control enclosure mounted, or console mounted (microproces-sor expansion card).7.3 External ConfigurationThe outline drawing shallshow the configuration with dimensions in SI units (inch-pound units) if they are not specified. The outline drawing shallinclude lim

32、iting dimensions for electrical and fiber-optic con-nections if they are not specified. The outline drawing shallindicate the mounting method with hole size, center location,and other pertinent dimensions. Where threaded holes are used,thread specifications shall be provided.7.4 Electrical Connectio

33、nAn electrical interface connec-tor receptacle and mating plug shall be provided with eachoptoelectronics module of the position switch unless otherwiseF 2071 00 (2006)2specified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2). Otherpossible electrical interface connections include pigtails andterminal bo

34、ards.7.5 Size and WeightThe purchaser may have intendedapplications in which size and weight are limited. Size andweight restrictions shall be specified in the acquisition require-ments (see 5.2).8. Performance Requirements8.1 Service LifeThe purchaser may have a minimumspecified service life requir

35、ement that may be critical. Criticalservice life requirements shall be specified in the acquisitionrequirements (see 5.2).8.2 Switch PerformanceCritical performance require-ments shall be specified in the acquisition requirements (see5.2). The following performance characteristics and environ-mental

36、 exposures may or may not be important to eachpurchasers intended application.(1) Warm-up time,(2) Steady-state supply voltage and frequency (ac),(3) Steady-state supply voltage (dc),(4) Response time,(5) Transient supply voltage and frequency (ac),(6) Transient supply voltage (dc),(7) Change in opt

37、ical transmittance,(8) Dynamic range,(9) Ambient light susceptibility,(10) Temperature,(11) Humidity,(12) Salt spray,(13) Insulation resistance,(14) Power interruption,(15) Short circuit,(16) Line voltage reversal (dc powered),(17) Output,(18) Mechanical life,(19) Enclosure,(20) Vibration,(21) Shock

38、,(22) Electromagnetic interference (EMI), and(23) Power system harmonic distortion.9. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance9.1 Finish and AppearanceAny special surface finish andappearance requirements shall be specified in the acquisitionrequirements (see 5.2).9.2 WorkmanshipAny special workmanship re

39、quirementsshall be specified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2).10. Number of Tests and Retests10.1 The number of test specimens to be subjected tofirst-article and conformance tests shall be specified and shoulddepend on the fiber-optic position switch design. As guidance,for each switch cov

40、ered by a separate and distinct design, a testspecimen for each design should require testing. In instances inwhich a singular design series may cover multiple switchconfigurations, a minimum of three test specimens should betested, provided the electrical, optical, and mechanical simi-larities are

41、approved by the purchaser. It is recommended thatone unit be tested for each switch configuration regardless ofdesign similarity.11. Inspection11.1 Classification of InspectionsThe inspection require-ments specified herein are classified as follows:(1) First-article tests (see 11.2)(2) Conformance t

42、ests (see 11.3)11.2 First-Article TestsFirst-article test requirements shallbe specified, where applicable. First-article test methods shouldbe identified for each design and performance characteristicspecified.11.3 Conformance TestsConformance testing is accom-plished when first-article tests were

43、satisfied by a previousacquisition or the product has demonstrated reliability insimilar applications. Conformance tests are usually less inten-sive than first-article tests, often verifying that samples of aproduction lot meet a few critical performance requirements.12. Test Data12.1 Test DataTest

44、data shall remain on file at themanufacturers facility for review by the purchaser uponrequest. It is recommended that test data be retained in themanufacturers files for at least three years or a period of timeacceptable to the purchaser and manufacturer.13. Certification13.1 When specified in the

45、acquisition requirements (see5.2), the purchaser shall be furnished certification that samplesrepresenting each lot have been either tested or inspected asdirected in this specification and the requirements have beenmet.14. Product Marking14.1 Special purchaser specified product marking shall belist

46、ed in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2). The minimumdata to be clearly marked on each switch shall include thefollowing:14.1.1 Sensor Head:(1) “FIBER-OPTIC POSITIONS SWITCHSENSORHEAD,”(2) Manufacturers name,(3) Manufacturers serial number or lot number, and(4) Manufacturers part number.14.1.2 O

47、ptoelectronics Module:(1) “FIBER-OPTIC POSITION SWITCHOPTOELECTRONICS MODULE”(2) Manufacturers name,(3) Manufacturers serial number or lot number,(4) Manufacturers part number, and(5) Excitation voltage.15. Packaging and Package Marking15.1 Packaging of Product for DeliveryProduct should bepackaged

48、and marked for shipment in accordance with PracticeD 3951.F 2071 00 (2006)315.2 Special packaging or package marking requirementsfor shipment or storage shall be identified in the acquisitionrequirements (see 5.2).16. Quality Assurance16.1 Quality SystemA quality assurance system in accor-dance with

49、 ISO 9001 shall be maintained to control the qualityof the product being supplied effectively, unless otherwisespecified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2).16.2 Responsibility for WarrantyUnless otherwise speci-fied, the manufacturer is responsible for the following:(1) All materials used to produce a unit and(2) Workmanship to produce the unit.Special warranty requirements shall be specified in theacquisition requirements (see 5.2).17. Keywords17.1 fiber-optic position switch; limit switch; optoelectron-ics module; position s