ASTM F1918-2012 Standard Safety Performance Specification for Soft Contained Play Equipment《软包装娱乐设备的标准安全性能规范》.pdf

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1、Designation:F191810 Designation: F1918 12Standard Safety Performance Specification forSoft Contained Play Equipment1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1918; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year

2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This safety performance specification provides safety and performance standards for soft contained play equipment.

3、 Itspurpose is to reduce the potential for life-threatening and debilitating injuries.1.2 The range of users encompassed by this safety performance specification is the 5thpercentile 2 year old to the 95thpercentile12 year old.1.3 Public playground equipment, home playground equipment, sports equipm

4、ent, amusement rides, fitness equipment not partof the play system, water-related attractions and devices, and toys and juvenile products are not included in this specification.1.4 This specification does not address accessibility, except as it pertains to safety issues not covered in The Americans

5、WithDisabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG).21.5 This safety performance specification includes the following sections:TitleSectionNumberScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3General Requirements 4Materials and Manufacture 5Performance Requirements 6Requirements for Access/Egress 7Equi

6、pment 8Areas Outside Equipment 9Structural Integrity 10Maintenance 11Fire Safety 12Evacuation 13Figures Annex A12. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D2240Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hardness ASTM Standards:3E648 Test Method for Critical Radiant Flux of Floor-Covering Systems Using

7、a Radiant Heat Energy SourceF1004Consumer Safety Specification for Expansion Gates and Expandable EnclosuresF1077 Guide for Selection of Committee F16 Fastener SpecificationsF1292 Specification for Impact Attenuation of Surfacing Materials Within the Use Zone of Playground EquipmentF1487 Consumer Sa

8、fety Performance Specification for Playground Equipment for Public UseF1951Specification for Determination ofAccessibility of Surface Systems Under andAround Playground Equipment ConsumerSafety Performance Specification for Playground Equipment for Public Use2.2 Federal Standards:416 CFR Part 1303Ba

9、n1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint16 CFR 1500Hazardous 1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations, including Sections:1This safety performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the dire

10、ct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.36on Soft-Contained Play Systems.Current edition approved JuneMay 1, 2010.2012. Published January 2011.December 2012. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20042010 asF1918 104. DOI: 10.1520/F1918-102.2More information on federal require

11、ments for play equipment accessibility may be obtained from the Office of Technical and Information Services, Architectural andTransportation Barriers Compliance Board, 1331 F Street, NW, Suite 1000, Washington, DC 20004-1111 or at www.access-board.gov/play/finalrule.htm.3For referenced ASTM standar

12、ds, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4Code of Federal Regulations, available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Washingto

13、n, DC 20402.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users cons

14、ult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.1500.48Technical Requirements for d

15、etermining a Sharp Point in Toys and other Articles Intended for Use by ChildrenUnder 8 Years of Age.1500.49Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys and Other Articles Intended for Useby Children Under 8 Years of Age.16 CFR Section 1501 Method for Identifying Toys a

16、nd Other Articles Intended for Use by Children Under 3 Years of AgeWhich Present Choking, Aspiration or Ingestion Hazards Because of Small PartsAmericans With Disabilities Act, Public Law 101336:28 CFR 35 Title II, Subtitle A28 CFR 36 Title III, Appendix A36 CFR Part 1191 Americans with Disabilities

17、 Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG)2.3 Other Standards:UL Standard 94 Test for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts, Devices, and AppliancesUL Standard 1975 Fire Tests for Foamed Plastics Used for Decorative PurposesNFPA 101 Life Safety CodeNFPA 701 Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Flame

18、Propagation of Textiles and FilmsNational Electrical Code (NEC)California Technical Bulletin 1173. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 accessible, adjrelating to a part or portion of the play system that is (1) capable of being contacted by any body part,or (2) usable by persons with disabilities. ) av

19、ailable to and usable by persons with disabilities.3.1.2 air filled device, na play activity which allows the user to bounce upon an inflated structure within soft contained playequipment.3.1.3 alternative means of hand support, nnetting or other material that follows the path of access or egress, t

20、hat, whengrasped, provides balance and support in maintaining a specific body posture.3.1.4 ball pool, nany contained area with loose balls for the purpose of play or transition.3.1.5 barrier, protective, nan enclosing device that is intended to prevent both inadvertent and deliberate attempts to pa

21、ssthrough the device.3.1.6 climber, nany component with the purpose of ascending or descending transition.3.1.7 completely bounded non-rigid opening, nany opening in SCPE that is totally enclosed by flexible boundaries which candeform or deflect during normal use (for example, the openings in a flex

22、ible net or lattice of webbing).3.1.8 completely bounded opening, nany opening in SCPE that is totally enclosed by boundaries on all sides so that theperimeter of the opening is continuous.3.1.83.1.9 component, na part of a play system, any portion thereof that generates specific activity and does n

23、ot stand alone.3.1.93.1.10 containment wall, nvertical part of the SCPE, usually made up of netting, mesh or paneling, which serves to enclosethe SCPE.3.1.11 designated play surface, nany elevated surface for standing, walking, sitting or climbing; or flat surface larger than 2in. (50 mm) wide by 2

24、in. (50 mm) long having less than a 30 angle from horizontal.3.1.103.1.12 emergency access/egress pathway, na clear and unencumbered path which leads directly into or out of the playequipment in a continuous manner.3.1.113.1.13 entanglement, na condition in which the users clothing or something arou

25、nd the users neck becomes caught orentwined on a component of playground equipment.3.1.123.1.14 fabric, mesh, na woven fabric with a permeable network made from interlacing threads or mono filament fibers.3.1.133.1.15 fabric, solid, na coated or laminated closed weave fabric.3.1.143.1.16 fall height

26、, nthe vertical distance between a designated play surface and the protective surfacing beneath it.3.1.153.1.17 flexible component, nany part of the SCPE that temporarily changes its shape when in use; examples include the tirenet, the cargo net, and the log bridge.3.1.163.1.18 netting, nan open wor

27、k fabric made of threads, cords, or mono filament fibers woven or knotted together at regularintervals.F1918 1223.1.173.1.19 net, webbing, na lattice of webbing sewn or otherwise affixed together at overlapping conjunctions.3.1.183.1.20 non-climbable net or mesh, na net or mesh, such as metal, fabri

28、c, or synthetic material, that is not intended to beclimbed and which passes the test procedure for non-climbable net or mesh.3.1.193.1.21 partially bounded opening, nany opening in SCPE that is not totally enclosed by boundaries on all sides so that theperimeter of the opening is discontinuous.3.1.

29、203.1.22 platform, na flat surface, intended for more than one user to stand upon, and upon which the user can move freely.3.1.213.1.23 play area, na designated space intended for childrens play.3.1.223.1.24 play opportunity, nany piece of equipment intended to generate specific recreational or lear

30、ning activity, or both.3.1.23any piece of equipment intended to generate specific recreational and/or learning activity.3.1.25 preventive maintenance, na planned program of inspections and maintenance intended to keep equipment functioningproperly and to forestall equipment failures.3.1.243.1.26 pro

31、jection, na condition which, due to its physical nature, must be tested to requirements of this standard to determinewhether it is a protrusion or an entanglement hazard or both.3.1.253.1.27 protective surfacing, nsurfacing material(s) to be used within the use zone of SCPE.3.1.263.1.28 protrusion,

32、na projection which, when tested in accordance with requirements of this standard, is found to be a hazardhaving the potential to cause serious bodily injury to a user who impacts it.3.1.273.1.29 slide exit region, nthe lower end of a slide intended to slow the user before exiting.3.1.283.1.30 slide

33、 use zone, nthe area immediately adjacent to accessible parts of the slide that is designated for circulation and onthe surface of which a user would land when falling from or exiting the slide.3.1.293.1.31 soft contained play, equipment (SCPE), na play structure made up of one or more components wh

34、ere the user entersa fully enclosed play environment that utilizes pliable material(s) (for example, plastic, netting, or fabric).3.1.303.1.32 stair, ndevice having a slope of 50 or less from a horizontal plane and consisting of a series of steps that can be usedfor ascending and descending.3.1.33 s

35、tep, nhorizontal flat crosspiece of a ladder or of a stair used primarily as a foot support.3.1.34 upper body equipment, nequipment intended to be grasped by the users hands and maneuvered upon using only thehands and arms.3.1.313.1.35 webbing, na woven narrow gage flat fabric.3.1.323.1.36 zone, non

36、-use, nlocked or secured area around or underneath the play system where unauthorized access is notallowed.3.1.333.1.37 zone, use, nthe area immediately adjacent to all external areas of the SCPE that is designated for circulation and onthe surface of which a user would land when falling from or exi

37、ting the equipment.4. General Requirements4.1 Playground equipment represented as complying with this consumer safety performance specification shall meet allapplicable requirements specified herein. Anyone representing compliance with this specification shall keep such essential recordsas are neces

38、sary to document any claim that the requirements within this specification have been met.4.2 SCPE should be designed to allow natural air circulation and lines of visibility between users and persons supervising.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 General RequirementsSoft contained play equipment shall

39、be manufactured and constructed only of materials that havea demonstrated durability in the playground or similar setting. Any new materials shall be documented or tested for durability bythe soft contained play equipment manufacturer.5.1.1 Regardless of the material or the treatment process used, t

40、he manufacturer shall not utilize materials known to beF1918 123hazardous (for example, lead, arsenic, creosote). All paints or similar finishes shall comply with 16 CFR Part 1303.1303.5.2 All fasteners used to construct soft contained play equipment shall be manufactured in accordance with Guide F1

41、077 andshall meet the requirements of Section 6.5.2.1 All fasteners, connecting, and covering devices shall be inherently corrosion resistant or be provided with a corrosionresistant coating.5.2.2 When installed in accordance with the manufacturers instructions, fasteners, connecting, and covering d

42、evices shall notloosen or be removable without the use of tools. Lock washers, self-locking nuts, or other locking means shall be provided for allfasteners to secure them from unintentional loosening. Hardware in moving joints shall also be secured against unintentionalloosening.5.2.3 Connecting dev

43、ices and hooks shall be subject to the requirements of Section 6.6. Performance Requirements6.1 These requirements apply to the play equipment and do not apply to nonuse zones.6.2 Head and Neck EntrapmentSoft contained play equipment shall be designed and constructed or assembled so that anyaccessib

44、le opening shall meet the following performance requirements to reduce the risk of head or neck entrapment by either ahead first or feet first entry into the opening. Openings between the bottom edge of the equipment and the surface directly beneathit (that is, the ground or floor) are exempt from t

45、his requirement. See Fig. A1.1.6.2.1 Accessible OpeningsA completely bounded rigid opening is accessible when it is possible to insert the torso test probe(see Fig. A1.2Fig. A1.1) into the opening to a depth of 4.0 in. (100 mm) or more.6.2.1.1 Test Procedure for Completely Bounded Rigid OpeningsAlig

46、n the torso probe (see Fig. A1.2Fig. A1.1) so that theplane of its base is parallel to the plane of the opening. Rotate the probe to its most adverse orientation (that is, major axis of thebase of the probe parallel to the major axis of the opening) and attempt to insert it in the opening. If it is

47、possible to insert the torsoprobe into the opening to a depth of 4.0 in. (100 mm) or more, place the head probe (see Fig. A1.3Fig. A1.2) in the opening withthe plane of the base of the probe parallel to the plane of the opening. An opening passes this test if (1) the opening does not admitthe torso

48、probe when it is rotated to any orientation about its own axis, or (2) the opening admits the torso probe and also admitsthe head probe. An opening fails the test if the opening admits the torso probe but does not admit the head probe.6.2.2 Nonrigid Completely Bounded OpeningsA nonrigid opening such

49、 as may be found in but not limited to flexible nets,tarps, and plastic enclosures is considered accessible if a torso probe will penetrate the opening to a depth of 4.0 in. (100 mm) ormore when tested in accordance with the test procedure outlined in 6.2.2.1 (see Figs. A1.2 and A1.3 Figs. A1.1 and A1.2 for probedimensions).6.2.2.1 Test Procedure for Completely Non-rigid Bounded OpeningsAlign the torso probe (see Fig. A1.2A1.1) so that theplane of its base is parallel to the plane of the opening. Rotate the probe to its m