ASTM F1917-2008 Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Infant Bedding and Related Accessories《婴儿被垫和有关辅助品的标准使用安全性能规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: F 1917 08Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification forInfant Bedding and Related Accessories1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1917; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year

2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis consumer safety performance specification addresses incidents associated with infant beddingand related acces

3、sories that were reported to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).These incident reports involved entanglement or strangulation on decorative ribbons, bumper guardties, wall hangings, fitted sheets, and threads resulting from unraveled seams. It also addressespotential suffocation on d

4、ecorative pillows placed in cribs.In response to the incident data developed by the CPSC, this consumer safety performancespecification attempts to minimize the problems listed above. This effort is accomplished through theestablishment of performance requirements and warning labels for infant beddi

5、ng and accessories.This specification cannot prevent incidents that occur as the result of unforeseeable abuse and misuse.NOTEThis consumer safety performance specification is not intended to address incidents and injuries resulting from the inter-action of other persons with children using these pr

6、oducts or the incidents resulting from unforeseeable abuse and misuse.This consumer safety performance specification has been written based on current state-of-the-artsoftgoods technology. This consumer safety performance specification will be updated wheneversubstantive information becomes availabl

7、e.1. Scope1.1 This consumer safety performance specification estab-lishes safety performance requirements, test methods, andrequirements for labeling to minimize the identified hazards tochildren presented by infant bedding and related accessories asidentified in the introduction.1.2 No infant beddi

8、ng or related accessory produced afterthe approval date of the consumer safety performance specifi-cation shall indicate, either by label or other means, compli-ance with this specification unless it conforms to all applicablerequirements contained herein.1.3 The inspection and test procedures conta

9、ined hereinshall be used to determine the conformance of products to therequirements of this consumer safety performance specifica-tion. The relevant tests for an infant bedding product or relatedaccessory can be done in any order, except where specified.Each test may be conducted on a different sam

10、ple, unlessotherwise specified. The tests can be considered as qualifica-tion tests and not necessarily as quality control tests. Thesetests shall also be conducted when there is a design or materialchange in the infant bedding or related accessory item. Eachproducer or distributor who represents an

11、y products as con-forming to this specification may utilize statistically basedsampling plans that are appropriate and shall keep suchessential records as are necessary to document that all of therequirements of this specification have been met. Any testmethods that are made mandatory by the CPSC, o

12、r anyapplicable governmental agencies, shall supersede any appli-cable test methods in this specification.1.4 These tests are intended to simulate normal use condi-tions, so as to ensure that hazards are not generated throughnormal use. The tests shall be carried out in a normal useenvironment. For

13、example, bumper guards should be securedin a crib as a customer would in actual end use situations. Tiesshould be tied and untied. While no specific requirements aredefined here, the evaluator shall perform enough testing tosimulate normal use during the estimated lifetime of theproduct. The infant

14、bedding product or related accessory shallbe inspected after such tests and shall be evaluated accordingto the relevant requirements listed within this specification.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions t

15、o SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 7, of this consumer safety perfor-mance specification: This standard does not purport to address1This consumer safety performance

16、specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F15.19 on Infant Bedding.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published August 2008. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as F 1917 00.1Co

17、pyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-b

18、ility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ANSI Standard:2ANSI Z535.4 Product Safety Signs and Labels3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 bumper ties, nflexible ribbons, strings, and tiesattached to a bumper for the purpose of attaching

19、to a crib.3.1.2 infant bedding and related accessories, nincludesthe following items intended for use in a nursery: fitted sheets,blankets, dust ruffles, covers and drapes for canopies, pillows,mattress covers, diaper stackers, fabric wall hangings, bumperguards, headboard bumper guards, and comfort

20、ers.4. General Requirements4.1 Ribbons, Strings, and TiesRibbons, strings, and tiesshall comply with the length requirements in 6.1.4.2 ThreadsUse of monofilament thread in the construc-tion of infant bedding and related accessories is prohibited.4.3 Bumper guards shall be capable of being secured a

21、t ornear all corners and at the midpoints of the long sides of thecrib. Bumper guards intended for circular cribs shall be capableof being secured at intervals not exceeding 26 in. (660 mm).5. Performance Requirements5.1 Normal Use TestingSimulation of normal use condi-tions are described in 1.4.5.2

22、 Unsupported VinylsUnsupported vinyl shall be 0.012-in. (0.30-mm) nominal thickness or thicker gage. No minimumthickness is specified for supported vinyl. Any infant beddingor related accessory item composed entirely or in part ofunsupported vinyl shall be tested in accordance with 6.2.5.3 If during

23、 the course of conducting tests in accordancewith this specification, a test sample sustains any permanentdeformation or damage, an additional test sample shall be usedfor the remainder of the tests.6. Test Methods6.1 Ribbons, Strings, and TiesFlexible ribbons, strings, orties attached to any infant

24、 bedding or related accessory item,with the exception of ties on bumper guards and headboardbumper guards, shall not exceed 7 in. (180 mm) whenmeasured to the maximum length under a force of 5 lbf (22 N).Ribbons, strings, and ties on bumper guards and headboardbumper guards, shall not exceed 9.0 in.

25、 (230 mm). If ribbons,strings, or ties can tangle to form a loop, then the perimeter ofthe loop shall not exceed 14 in. (360 mm) under a force of 5 lbf(22 N).6.2 RationaleThe neck circumference of a 5th percentile0-3 month old infant is 7.2 in. (183 mm), as stated in theUniversity of Michigan final

26、report to the CPSC dated January1986. Based on this measurement, the Infant Bedding andRelated Accessories Subcommittee has mandated the maxi-mum allowable length of flexible ribbons, strings, or tiesattached to any infant bedding or related accessory item, withthe exception of bumper guards and hea

27、dboard bumper guards,to be 7.0 in. (180 mm). The maximum allowable length offlexible ribbons, strings, or ties, or a combination thereof,attached to bumper guards and headboard bumper guards forthe purpose of securing it to a crib rail is 9 in. (230 mm).Flexible ribbons, strings, or ties of 9 in. on

28、 bumper guards andheadboard bumper guards will allow the product to be suffi-ciently secured to the crib rails by the parent or care provider.On some cribs, shorter ribbons, strings, or ties may not allowthe parent or care provider to be able to sufficiently secure thebumper guard or headboard bumpe

29、r guard, or both, to the cribrail.6.3 Vinyl Thickness MeasurementUsing a paper microme-ter, measure the thickness at four locations, one at each end andtwo in a location near the middle.7. Product/Package Marking7.1 Each product shall have a permanent conspicuous labelthat identifies the name and ad

30、dress (city, state, and zip code)of the manufacturer, distributor, or seller, or a label thatidentifies the Registered Identification Number (RN) or WoolProducts Labeling Act Number (WPL).37.2 Product Warning LabelsA permanent conspicuouslabel(s) shall be on each headboard/bumper set, bumper, wallha

31、nging, decorator pillow (label shall be applied to insert andcover, if cover is removable), diaper stacker, and fitted sheet.The label(s) shall be in the ANSI format, which would includea delineated signal word panel containing the safety alertsymbol before the signal word and a contrasting backgrou

32、nd.The label(s) shall begin with the word “WARNING,” theletters of which shall not be less than 0.2 in. (5 mm) high. Theremaining text shall be in letters not less than 0.1 in. (2.5 mm)high.7.2.1 The warning label(s) for a headboard/bumper set orbumper shall read as follows:“ WARNINGTo prevent entan

33、glement or strangulation, position ties to outside of crib and besure they are secure.Remove bumper when child can sit up unaided or can pull to a standing position.7.2.2 The warning label for a fabric wall hanging shall readas follows:“ WARNINGTo prevent entanglement or strangulation, do not place

34、within a childs reach(including a standing child).Not intended as a toy.7.2.3 The warning label for a pillow shall read as follows:“ WARNING2Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13thFloor, New York, NY 10036.3RN/WPL is the Registration Number/Wool Products Labeling A

35、ct under theFederal Trade Commission.F1917082To prevent suffocation, do not put any pillow in a crib or near an area where aninfant may sleep.Pillows are a decorator item only and are not intended for an infants use.7.2.4 The warning label for a diaper stacker shall read asfollows:“ WARNINGPrevent s

36、trangulation or entanglement.Never place on or attach to a crib.7.2.5 The warning label for a fitted sheet shall read asfollows:“ WARNINGPrevent possible strangulation or entanglement.Never use crib sheet unless it fits securely on crib mattress.7.3 Package Warning StatementA warning statementshall

37、be on each fitted sheet retail package. The warningstatement shall be in the ANSI format as stated in 7.2.7.3.1 The warning statement for a fitted sheet retail packageshall read as follows:“ WARNINGPrevent possible strangulation or entanglement.Never use crib sheet unless it fits securely on crib ma

38、ttress.7.4 RationaleWarning labels for headboard/bumpers,wall hangings, pillows, fitted sheets, and diaper stackers havebeen created to warn the consumer of the hazard that can existif the product is not used as intended. In most cases, thehazards identified in each warning label are substantiated b

39、ydata from in-depth investigations of accidents or fatalities, orboth, involving the use of the aforementioned products. Basedon these facts, the word “prevent,” instead of “possible,” isused in order to stress the importance of compliance with thestated warning. In addition, the word “Warning” is u

40、sed as thesignal word for these warning labels asANSI Z535.4 states that“Warning” indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, ifnot avoided, could result in death or serious injury.8. Keywords8.1 bumper guard; diaper stacker; fitted sheet; infant bed-ding; wall hangingASTM International takes

41、 no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own resp

42、onsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addresse

43、d to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the

44、address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F1917083