ASTM F1868-2012 Standard Test Method for Thermal and Evaporative Resistance of Clothing Materials Using a Sweating Hot Plate《用焊接热板测定服装材料耐热和耐蒸发性的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM F1868-2012 Standard Test Method for Thermal and Evaporative Resistance of Clothing Materials Using a Sweating Hot Plate《用焊接热板测定服装材料耐热和耐蒸发性的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM F1868-2012 Standard Test Method for Thermal and Evaporative Resistance of Clothing Materials Using a Sweating Hot Plate《用焊接热板测定服装材料耐热和耐蒸发性的标准试验方法》.pdf(10页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation:F186809 Designation: F1868 12Standard Test Method forThermal and Evaporative Resistance of Clothing MaterialsUsing a Sweating Hot Plate1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1868; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, i
2、n the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONClothing is often made of materials that impede the flow of heat and moisture from
3、 the skin to theenvironment. Consequently, people may suffer from heat stress or cold stress when wearing clothingin different environmental conditions. Therefore, it is important to quantify the thermal resistance andevaporative resistance of clothing materials and to consider these properties when
4、 selecting materialsfor different clothing applications.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the thermal resistance and the evaporative resistance, under steady-stateconditions, of fabrics, films, coatings, foams, and leathers, including multi-layer assemblies, for use in clothing
5、systems.1.2 The range of this measurement technique for intrinsic thermal resistance is from 0.002 to 0.5 Km2/W and for intrinsicevaporative resistance is from 0.0 to 1.0 kPam2/W.1.3 The values in SI units shall be regarded as standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
6、concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C177 Test Method for Stead
7、y-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of theGuarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusD1518 Test Method for Thermal Resistance of Batting Systems Using a Hot PlateE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlab
8、oratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test MethodF1291 Test Method for Measuring the Thermal Insulation of Clothing Using a Heated ManikinF1494 Terminology Relating to Protective ClothingF2370 Test Method for Measuring the Evaporative Resistance of Clothing Using a Sweating Manikin2.2 Other
9、Standards:ISO 11092 TextilesPhysiological EffectsMeasurement of Thermal and Water-Vapour Resistance Under Steady-StateConditions (Sweating Guarded-Hotplate Test)33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 clo, na unit of thermal resistance (insulation) equal to 0.155 Km2/W.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe value of th
10、e clo was selected as roughly the insulation value of typical indoor clothing, which shouldkeep a resting man (producing heat at the rate of 58 W/m2) comfortable in an environment at 21C, air movement 0.1 m/s.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on Personal Protective Cl
11、othing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF23.60 on Human Factors.Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2009. Published March 2009. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F1868-02. DOI:10.1520/F1868-09.Current edition approved June 1, 2012. Publ
12、ished June 2012. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F1868 - 09. DOI: 10.1520/F1868-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, re
13、fer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indica
14、tion of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be con
15、sidered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.2 evaporative resistance, nThe resistance to the flow of moisture vapor from a saturated surface (high vapor pressure) toan environment with a lower vap
16、or pressure.3.1.2.1 Discussion The evaporative resistance in units of kPam2/W can be calculated for several different cases.RefA= apparent total evaporative resistance of the fabric test specimen only, when evaluated non-isothermally. The term apparentis used as a modifier for total evaporative resi
17、stance to reflect the fact that condensation may occur within the specimen.RetA= apparent total evaporative resistance of the fabric test specimen, liquid barrier, and surface air layer when evaluatednon-isothermally. The term apparent is used as a modifier for total evaporative resistance to reflec
18、t the fact that condensation mayoccur within the specimen.Rebp= evaporative resistance of the air layer on the surface of the liquid barrier without a fabric test specimen (that is, bare plate).This property reflects the instrument constant and the resistance of the liquid barrier, and in conjunctio
19、n with Ret, is used in thecalculation of Ref.Ref= intrinsic evaporative resistance of the fabric test specimen only. In the calculation of this value, the assumption is made thatthe boundary layers of the bare plate and the boundary layers of the fabric are equal.Ret= total evaporative resistance of
20、 the fabric test specimen, the liquid barrier, and the surface air layer.3.1.3 permeability index (im), nthe efficiency of evaporative heat transport in a clothing system.3.1.3.1 DiscussionAn imof zero indicates that the clothing system allows no evaporative heat transfer. An imof one indicatesthat
21、the clothing system achieves the theoretical maximum evaporative heat transfer allowed by its insulation. The permeabilityindex is calculated one of two ways.im= permeability index calculated using the total thermal resistance and the total evaporative resistance of a material. The U.S.military uses
22、 this value in their databases on fabrics and clothing systems.imf= permeability index calculated using the intrinsic thermal resistance and the intrinsic evaporative resistance of a material.ISO 11092 uses this value.3.1.4 thermal resistance, nthe resistance to the flow of heat from a heated surfac
23、e to a cooler environment.3.1.4.1 DiscussionThermal resistance in units of Km2/W can be calculated for several different cases.It= total insulation value of the test specimen and the air layer, expressed in clo units.If= intrinsic thermal resistance of the fabric test specimen only, expressed in clo
24、 units.Rcbp= thermal resistance of the air layer on the surface of the plate without a fabric test specimen (that is, bare plate). This propertyreflects the instrument constant and is used to standardize the plate, and in conjunction with Rct, is used in the calculation of Rcf.Rcf= intrinsic thermal
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