ASTM F1821-2009 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toddler Beds《婴儿床的标准消费者安全规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: F 1821 09Standard Consumer Safety Specification forToddler Beds1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1821; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenth

2、eses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis consumer safety specification addresses toddler bed incidents that were identified by theConsumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).In response to i

3、ncident data supplied by the commission, this consumer safety specification attemptsto minimize: entrapment in bed end structures, entrapment between the guardrail and side rail, andentrapment in the mattress support system. Entrapment of a childs head or neck can result inasphyxiation. It also addr

4、esses corner post extensions, which may catch pacifier cords, ribbons,necklaces, or clothing that a child may be wearing and which may be caught on a projection.This consumer safety specification is written in accordance with the current available state-of-the-art technology and will be updated when

5、ever substantive information becomes available thatnecessitates additional requirements or justifies a revision to existing requirements.1. Scope1.1 This consumer safety specification covers requirementsfor the design and performance of toddler beds. It also containsrequirements for labeling and ins

6、tructional material.1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to mini-mize incidents to children resulting from normal use andreasonably foreseeable misuse of toddler beds. It does notaddress incidents resulting from alteration or unreasonablemisuse.1.3 For the purposes of this consumer saf

7、ety specification, atoddler bed is a bed that is sized to accept a full-size cribmattress and is intended for use by a child not less than 15months of age and who weighs no more than 50 lb (27.7 kg).1.4 No toddler bed produced after the approval date of thisconsumer safety specification shall indica

8、te compliance withthis specification, either by label or by other means, unless itconforms to all the requirements contained herein.1.5 This consumer safety specification includes the follow-ing sections:Scope Section 1Referenced Documents Section 2Terminology Section 3Calibration and Standardizatio

9、n Section 4General Requirements Section 5Performance Requirement Section 6Test Methods Section 7Marking and Labeling Section 8Instructional Literature Section 9Keywords Section 101.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical

10、conversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.7 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 7, of this consumer safetyspecification: This standard does not purport to address all ofthe safety concerns, if any

11、, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape

12、TestD 3574 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular MaterialsSlab,Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams2.2 Code of Federal Regulations:316 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and CertainConsumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint16 CFR 1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations, in-cluding the following

13、sections:16 CFR 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a1This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commit-tee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF15.18 on Cribs, Toddler Beds, Play Yards, Bassinets, Cradles and Changing Tables.

14、Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F 1821 06.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volum

15、e information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken

16、, PA 19428-2959, United States.Sharp Point in Toys and Other Articles Intended forChildren Under 8 Years of Age16 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining aSharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys and Other ArticlesIntended for Children Under 8 Years of Age16 CFR 1500 .50 -.53 Test Method for Sim

17、ulating Use AndAbuse of Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use ByChildren16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and OtherArticles Intended for Use by Children Under 3 Years ofAge Which Present Choking, Aspiration or IngestionHazards Because of Small Parts3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Spe

18、cific to This Standard:3.1.1 bed, nfor the purpose of this specification, a toddlerbed, as described in 3.1.2.3.1.2 bed, toddler, nfor the purpose of this specification,any bed sized to accommodate a full-size crib mattress havingminimum dimensions of 5158 in. (1310 mm) in length and 2714 in. (690 m

19、m) in width and is intended to provide free accessand egress to a child not less than 15 months of age and whoweighs no more than 50 pounds (27.7 kg).3.1.3 end structure, nan upright structure at the head orfoot of a bed to which the side rails or mattress support system,or both, attach.3.1.4 guardr

20、ail, nof a bed, a rail attached to a bedintended to help prevent a sleeping occupant from rolling,sliding, or otherwise falling out of the long side of the bed.3.1.5 manufacturers recommended use position, nanyposition that is presented as a normal, allowable, or acceptableconfiguration for the use

21、of the product by the manufacturer inany descriptive or instructional literature. This specificallyexcludes positions that the manufacturer shows in a likemanner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe, or notrecommended.3.1.6 mattress support system, nthose components of abed structure that su

22、pport the mattress.3.1.7 non-paper label, nany label material (such as plasticor metal) which either will not tear without the aid of tools, ortears, leaving a sharply defined edge.3.1.8 paper labels, nany label which tears without the aidof tools and leaves a fibrous edge.3.1.9 partially bounded op

23、enings, nany opening in atoddler bed that is not totally enclosed by boundaries on allsides so that the perimeter of the opening is discontinuous.3.1.10 permanent marking, na marking or label that,during an attempt to remove it manually without the aid oftools or solvents, cannot be removed or tears

24、 upon removal, orsuch action damages the surface to which it is attached.3.1.11 seam, va means of joining fabric components, suchas sewing, welding, heat sealing, or gluing.3.1.12 side rail, nthe structure connecting the end struc-tures.3.1.13 static load, adja vertically downward force appliedby a

25、calibrated force gage or by dead weights.3.1.14 structural failure, ndamage to a component(s) orassembly resulting in partial separation (greater than 0.040 in.(1.00 mm) over original configuration) or complete separationof the component(s) or assembly.4. Calibration and Standardization4.1 All testi

26、ng shall be conducted on a concrete floor thatmay be covered with a18-in. (3-mm) thick vinyl flooring cover,unless test instructs differently.4.2 The product shall be completely assembled, unlessotherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturers in-structions.4.3 No testing shall be conducted wit

27、hin 48 h of manufac-turing.4.4 The product to be tested shall be in a room with ambienttemperature of 73 6 9F (23 6 5C) for at least 1 h prior totesting. Testing shall then be conducted within this temperaturerange.4.5 All testing required by this consumer safety specifica-tion is to be conducted on

28、 the same unit.5. General Requirements5.1 The bed shall conform to the regulations specified inSection 2 of this specification before and after testing.5.2 There shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges asdefined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before andafter testing to this consumer safety

29、 specification.5.3 There shall be no small parts as defined by 16 CFR 1501before testing or liberated as a result of testing to thisspecification.5.4 The paint and surface-coating on the product shallcomply to 16 CFR 1303.5.5 Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smoothand free from spli

30、nters.5.6 Scissoring, Shearing, and PinchingA toddler bed,when in the manufacturers recommended use position, shallbe designed and constructed to prevent injury to the occupantfrom any scissoring, shearing, or pinching when members orcomponents rotate about a common axis or fastening point,slide, pi

31、vot, fold or otherwise move relative to one another.Scissoring, shearing, or pinching that may cause injury shallnot be permissible when the edges of any rigid parts admit aprobe that is greater than 0.210in. (5.33mm) diameter andless than 0.375in. (9.53mm) diameter at any accessible pointthroughout

32、 the range of motion of such parts.5.7 Protective ComponentsIf a child can grasp compo-nents between the thumb and forefinger, or teeth, such as caps,sleeves, or plugs used for protection from sharp edges, points,or entrapment of fingers or toes, or if there is at least a0.040in. (1.00mm) gap betwee

33、n the component and itsadjacent parent component, such a component shall not beremoved when tested in accordance with 7.7.5.8 Openings:5.8.1 Finger EntrapmentHoles or slots that extend en-tirely through a wall section of any rigid material less than0.375in. (9.53mm) thick and admit a 0.210in. (5.33m

34、m)diameter rod shall also admit a 0.375in. (9.53mm) diameterrod. Holes or slots that are between 0.210 and 0.375 in. (5.33and 9.53 mm) and have a wall thickness less than 0.375 in.F1821092(9.53 mm) but are limited in depth to 0.375 in. (9.53 mm)maximum by another rigid surface shall be permissible (

35、seeFig. 1). The product shall be evaluated in all manufacturersrecommended use positions.5.8.2 Torso EntrapmentThere shall be no openings in themattress support system, headboard, footboard, guard rail, orany point where these components are joined together that willpermit complete passage of the we

36、dge block (see Fig. 2). Theproduct shall be evaluated in all manufacturers recommendeduse positions when tested in accordance with 6.4, 6.5,or6.6.5.9 LabelingWarning labels (whether paper or non paper)shall be permanent when tested per 7.8. Warning statementsapplied directly onto a surface of the pr

37、oduct by hot stamping,heat transfer, printing, wood burning, etc. shall be permanentwhen tested per 7.8.4. Non-paper labels shall not liberate smallparts when tested in accordance with 7.8.5.5.10 Corner Post ExtensionsNo corner post assemblyshall extend more than 0.06 in. (1.5 mm) above the upper ed

38、geof an end or side panel, whichever is higher, when measuredfrom the lowest point on the upper edge of the end panel within3 in. (76 mm) from the outermost contour of the elbow (seeFig. 3).6. Performance Requirement6.1 Mattress Retention:6.1.1 The mattress support system, end structures, and sideco

39、ntainment shall control the horizontal position of the mat-tress and prevent it from being moved horizontally creating ahorizontal opening that allows complete passage of the wedgeblock when tested in accordance with 7.1.FIG. 1 Opening ExampleF18210936.1.2 The top of the mattress shall not deflect m

40、ore than 1in. (25 mm) below the bottom of the mattress support whentested in accordance with 7.1.6.6.2 Mattress Support SystemThe mattress support systemshall not disengage or create a hazardous condition as de-scribed in Section 5 of this consumer safety specification whentested in accordance with

41、7.2.6.3 Mattress Support System Attachment to End Structures:6.3.1 The mattress support system attachment to the endstructures shall not disengage or create a hazardous conditionas described in Section 5 of this consumer safety specificationwhen tested in accordance with 7.3.6.3.2 In products that c

42、ontain both side rails and a separatemattress support system, the tests described in both 7.3.2 and7.3.3 shall apply to both.6.4 Mattress Support System OpeningsThere shall be noopenings in the mattress support system which will permitcomplete passage of the wedge block described in Fig. 2 whenteste

43、d in accordance with 7.2.5.6.5 GuardrailsFor products with guardrails, there shall beno opening in the guardrail structure below the lowest surfaceof the uppermost member of the guardrail and above themattress support structure that will permit complete passage ofthe wedge block shown in Fig. 2 when

44、 tested in accordancewith 7.4.6.6 End StructuresThere shall be no openings betweeneither end structure and the mattress support system or abovethe mattress support system in the end structures that willpermit complete passage of the wedge block shown in Fig. 2when tested in accordance with 7.5.6.7 P

45、artially Bounded OpeningsAll partially boundedopenings in the uppermost edge of any rigid structure of thebed above the level of the mattress support system shallcomply with the requirements of 7.6.7. Test Methods7.1 Mattress Retention:7.1.1 Test MattressA4 618 in. (100 6 3 mm) thick by 5158 618 in.

46、 (1310 6 3 mm) long by 2714 618 in. (690 6 3mm) wide, open cell, polyurethane foam pad having a densityof 1 lb/ft3(16 kg/m3), having a compression load deflection of30 lbf (133 N) when tested in accordance with Test MethodsD 3574, Method B1, to a 25 % deflection, covered witha5to15 gage vinyl materi

47、al, 0.005 to 0.015in. (0.13 to0.38mm) thick shall be used to represent a mattress during theperformance of the following tests:7.1.2 Secure the bed so that it cannot move during theperformance of the following tests.7.1.3 Using a 3-in. (76-mm) diameter flat, rigid disk, gradu-ally apply a 5 lbf (22

48、N) horizontally within a period of5stothe edge of the mattress at the vertical midpoint and maintainfor 30 s in a location that produces the largest gap in thehorizontal plane between the end support structures, side rails,or guardrails and the edge of the mattress.7.1.4 After the test described in

49、7.1.3 has been performed,any gap in the horizontal plane that permits the passage of avertically oriented 0.19 in. (5 mm) diameter probe with alength of 6 in. (150 mm), minimum, and that has a fullyrounded end to pass through without touching either themattress or the support structure shall be tested in accordancewith 7.1.5.7.1.5 Insert the tapered end of the wedge block, shown inFig. 2, into any gap identified in 7.1.4 in the most adverseorientation, and gradually apply a 39-lb (17.7 kg) dead weightto the wedge block withi