ASTM F1696-2014 Standard Test Method for Energy Performance of Single-Rack Door-Type Commercial Dishwashing Machines《单架门式商用洗碗机的能量性能的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: F1696 07F1696 14 An American National StandardStandard Test Method forEnergy Performance of Single-Rack, Door-Type CommercialDishwashing Machines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1696; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal ado

2、ption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the energy and water consumpt

3、ion of single-rack, door-type commercialdishwashers (hereafter referred to as dishwashers). Dishwashers may have a remote or self-contained booster heater. This testmethod does not address cleaning or sanitizing performance.1.2 This test method is applicable to both hot water sanitizing and chemical

4、 sanitizing stationary rack machines, whichincludeincludes undercounter single rack machines;machines, upright door-type machines;machines, pot, pan, and utensilmachines;machines, fresh water rinse machines;machines, and fill-and-dump machines. Dishwasher tank heaters are evaluatedseparately from th

5、e booster heater.1.3 The following procedures are included in this test method:1.3.1 Procedures to Confirm Dishwasher is Operating Properly Prior to Performance Testing:1.3.1.1 Maximum energy input rate of the tank heaters (see 10.2).1.3.1.2 Maximum energy input rate of the booster heater, if applic

6、able (see 10.3).1.3.1.3 Water consumption calibration (see 10.4).1.3.1.4 Booster temperature calibration, if applicable (see 10.5).1.3.1.5 Wash tank Tank temperature calibration (see 10.6).1.3.2 Energy Usage and Cycle Rate Performance Tests:1.3.2.1 Washing energy test (10.7).1.3.2.2 Tank heater idle

7、 Idle energy rate (door(s) open and door(s) closed) (see 10.8).1.3.2.3 Booster idle energy rate, if provided (see 10.9).1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 This standard does not purport to address al

8、l of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3588 Practice for Cal

9、culating Heat Value, Compressibility Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous FuelsF857 Specification for Hot Water and Chemical Sanitizing Commercial Dishwashing Machines, Stationary Rack TypeF861 Specification for Commercial Dishwashing RacksF953 Specification for Commercial Dishwashing Machines (S

10、tationary Rack, Dump Type) Chemical Sanitizing2.2 NSF Standards:3NSF/ANSI 3 Commercial Warewashing EquipmentNSF/ANSI 170 Glossary of Foodservice Terms1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on Food Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.06 o

11、n Productivityand Energy Protocol.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2007May 1, 2014. Published November 2007February 2015. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20032007as F1696 96 (2003).F1696 07. DOI: 10.1520/F1696-07. 10.1520/F1696-14.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit

12、theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48113-0140,

13、http:/www.nsf.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users

14、 consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.3 ASHRAE Document:4ASHRAE Gu

15、ideline 2-1986 (RA90) Engineering Analysis of Experimental Data3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 booster heater, nwater heater for taking supply hot water (typically 140F) up to 180F for sanitizing rinse; the boosterheater may be separate from dishwasher or integral.3.1.2 cycle rate, nthe number o

16、f loaded dishracks washed per hour during the washing energy performance test.3.1.3 dishwasher, na machine that uniformly washes, rinses, and sanitizes kitchen ware.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThe machine shall be capable of removing physical soil from properly racked and prescraped tableware, and sanitizingm

17、ultiple-use tableware.3.1.4 idle rate, nrate of energy consumed by the dishwasher while “holding” or maintaining the heated tank water at thethermostat(s) set point during the time period specified.3.1.5 dishload,loads, na peg type, polypropylene dishrack of a specified weight, loaded with fifteen 9

18、-in. plates of a specifiedweight, used to put a thermal load on the dishwasher during the washing energy test.3.1.5.1 dishload, na peg type, polypropylene dishrack of a specified weight, loaded with fifteen 9-in. plates of a specifiedweight, used to put a thermal load on the dishwasher during the wa

19、shing energy test.3.1.5.2 glassload, n6 by 6, polypropylene glass rack of a specified weight, loaded with eighteen 8-oz (237 mL) water glasses,used to put a thermal load on the dishwasher during the washing energy test.3.1.6 dishwasher, rated temperature, nfor this test method,dishwashers rated name

20、plate minimum a machine that uniformlywashes, rinses, and sanitizes eating and drinking utensils.operating tank temperature as determined by NSF/ANSI 3.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThe machine shall be capable of removing physical soil from properly racked and prescraped items, and sanitizing multiple-useeatin

21、g and drinking utensils.3.1.7 uncertainty, nmeasure of systematic and precision errors in specified instrumentation or measure of repeatability of areported test result.3.1.8 undercounter dishwasher, nSpecification F953 Type III machines, a stationary rack machine with an overall height of38 in. or

22、less, designed to be installed under food preparation workspaces.3.1.8.1 DiscussionUndercounter dishwashers can be either chemical or hot water sanitizing, with an internal or external booster heater for the latter.3.1.9 upright door-type dishwasher, nSpecification F857 Type I (straight through mode

23、l) and Type II (corner model) andSpecification F953 Type I (straight through model) and Type II (corner model) machines, stationary rack machine designed toaccept a standard 20 by 20 in. dish rack which requires the raising of a door to place the rack into the wash/rinse chamber. Closingof the door

24、typically initiates the wash cycle.3.1.9.1 DiscussionSingle tank, door type models can be either chemical or hot water sanitizing, with an internal or external booster heater for thelatter.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The maximum energy input rate of the tank heater and the booster heater is determi

25、ned to check whether the dishwasheris operating at the manufacturers rated input. If the measured input rate is not within 5 % of the rated input, all further testingceases and the manufacturer is contacted. The manufacturer may make appropriate changes or adjustments to the dishwasher.4 Available f

26、rom American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE), 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329,http:/www.ashrae.org.F1696 142NOTE 1It is the intent of the testing procedure herein to evaluate the performance of a dishwasher at its rated gas pressure or elect

27、ric voltage. If anelectric unit is rated dual voltage (that is, designed to operate at either 208 or 240 V with no change in components), the voltage selected by themanufacturer or tester, or both, shall be reported. If a dishwasher is designed to operate at two voltages without a change in the resi

28、stance of the heatingelements, the performance of the unit (for example, recovery time) may differ at the two voltages. Therefore the tests must be performed at both voltagesand results reported accordingly.4.2 The wash tank and booster temperature are retained at the manufacturers factory settings.

29、4.3 The water consumption is adjusted to the manufacturers rated water consumption per NSF/ANSI Standard 3. The pressureregulator valve is adjusted to 20 6 1 psi and the water consumption measured. If this is not within 60.15 GPM of the NSF ratingor the manufacturers rating if not listed to NSF stan

30、dards, then the manufacturer shall be contacted.4.4 The tank heater dishwasher energy rate is determined at idle, that is, when the tank temperaturetemperature(s) is beingmaintained, but no washing is taking place. This test is run both with the door(s) closed and with the door(s) left open (see 10.

31、8).4.5 The booster heater idle energy rate is determined (see 10.910.8).4.6 The dishwasher and booster energy consumption per rack of dishes or glasses is determined by washing 10 racks loadedwith a specified quantity of dishes or glasses (see 10.7).4.7 Water consumption is monitored during testing

32、to determine the rate of water usage.5. Significance and Use5.1 The maximum energy input rate test is used to confirm that the dishwasher is operating at the manufacturers rated inputprior to further testing. This test would also indicate any problems with the electric power supply, gas service pres

33、sure, or steamsupply flow or pressure.5.2 The tank and booster temperature are verified and water consumption is adjusted to NSF specifications to ensure that thetest is applied to a properly functioning dishwasher.5.3 Because much of a dishwashers operating period is spent in the idle condition, ta

34、nk heater and booster idle energyconsumption rate is an important part of predicting an end users energy consumption. The test is run with the door(s) open andwith the door(s) closed, so that the energy use of both end-user behaviors can be characterized.5.4 A washing energy test generates an energy

35、 per rack usage. This is useful both as a measure for comparing the energyperformance of one dishwasher to another and as a predictor of an end users energy consumption.5.5 Water-consumption characterization is useful for estimating water and sewage costs associated with dishwashing machineoperation

36、.6. Apparatus6.1 One or Two Wh Meters, for measuring the electrical energy consumption of the tank heaters, pump motor, and booster heater(if applicable), shall have a resolution of at least 10 Wh and a maximum uncertainty no greater than 1.5 % of the measured valuefor any demand greater than 100 W.

37、 For any demand less than 100 W, the meter shall have a resolution of at least 10 Wh and amaximum uncertainty no greater than 10 %.10 % of the measured value.6.2 One or Two Gas Meters, for measuring the gas consumption of tank heater or booster heater, or both, shall have a resolutionof at least 0.0

38、1 ft3 (0.0003 m3) and ), a maximum uncertainty no greater than 1 % of the measured value for any demand greaterthan 2.2 ft3/h (0.06 m3/h). /h), and shall be capable of measuring flows between at least 0.0 and 250 ft3/h. If the meter is used formeasuring the gas consumed by the pilot lights, it shall

39、 have a resolution of a least 0.01 ft3 (0.0003 m3) and have a maximum errorof at least 0.01 ft3 (0.0003 m3) and ), have a maximum erroruncertainty no greater than 2 % of the measured value.value, and shallbe capable of measuring flows between at least 0.0 and 10.0 ft3/h.6.3 One or Two Steam Flow Met

40、ers, for measuring the flow of steam to tank heaters and or booster heater. They shall have aresolution of at least 0.01 ft3 (0.0003 (0.0003 m3) and ), a maximum uncertainty of 1 % of the measured value.no greater than 1% of the measured value, and shall be capable of measuring flows between at leas

41、t 0.0 and 50 ft3/h.6.4 Pressure Gage, for measuring the pressure of steam to steam coils. It shall have a resolution of at least 0.5 psig (3.4 kPa)and kPa), a maximum uncertainty of 1 % 1 % of the measured value.value, and shall be capable of measuring flows between atleast 0 and 100 psig.6.5 Canopy

42、 Exhaust Hood, mounted in agreement with manufacturersmanufacturers requirements and operating at thedishwasher manufacturers recommended ventilation rate, if applicable, or a nominal 300 to 500 cfm ventilation rate or inaccordance with the manufacturers recommendation, if applicable. if the manufac

43、turer foes not provide a recommendedventilation rate. Report the ventilation rate.rate used for the tests.6.6 Pressure Gage, for monitoring natural gas pressure. It shall have a range of 0 to 10 in. H2O (0 to 2.5 kPa), a resolution ofat least 0.1 in. H2O (125 Pa), and a maximum uncertainty of 1 % of

44、 the measured value.F1696 1436.7 Temperature Sensor, for measuring natural gas temperature and ambient air temperatures in the range of 50F50 to 100F(10 to 40C), with a resolution of at least 0.5F (0.3C) and an a maximum uncertainty of 61F (0.5C).(60.5C).6.8 Temperature Sensor, for measuring steam t

45、emperatures, in the range of 200 to 300F, with a resolution of at least 0.5F anda maximum uncertainty of 61F.6.9 Barometer, for measuring absolute atmospheric pressure, to be used for adjustment of measured natural gas volume tostandard conditions. conditions, if the gas flow meter does not correct

46、for pressure. It shall have a resolution of at least 0.2 in. Hg(670 Pa) and an a maximum uncertainty of 0.2 in. Hg (670 Pa).6.10 Flow Meter, for measuring water consumption of the dishwasher. It shall have a resolution of 0.01 gal (40 mL), and anuncertainty of 0.01 gal (40 mL), at flow raterates as

47、low as 0.2 gpm (13 mL/s).6.11 Stop Watch, with a 0.1-s resolution.6.12 Analytical Balance Scale, or equivalent, for measuring weight of dishes and dish racks used in the dishload energy test.It shall have a resolution of 0.01 lb (5 g) and an uncertainty of 0.01 lb (5 g).6.13 Calibrated Exposed Junct

48、ion Thermocouple Probes, with a range from 20F to 400F (30 to 200C), with a resolutionof 0.2F (0.1C) and an uncertainty of 1.0F (0.5C), for measuring tank temperature and booster and dishwasher inlet temperature.Calibrated Type K Z4 GA thermocouple wire with stainless steel sheath and ceramic insula

49、tion is the recommended choice forbooster and dishwasher inlet temperature. The thermocouple probe can be fed through a compression fitting so as to submerse theexposed junction in the booster and dishwasher inlets.6.14 Dishracks, 12, Metro Mdl P2MO, 20 in. by 20 in., peg type, commercial, or acceptable equivalent. They shall weigh 4.66 0.1 lb and are used in the washing energy test.6.15 Glassracks, Six, 36 glass compartment medium plus, 19 34 by 19 34 in. Six 38 in. high with compartments measuring 278 by 2 78 by 4 131